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PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
THIRD QUARTER
Module No. 2 of 6
IDENTIFYING THE INQUIRY AND STATING THE PROBLEM
Writer: Roland R. Agra

HONOR CODE
AS A MEMBER OF THE NAMUAC ACADEMY EAGLES FAMILY, I WILL CONDUCT
MYSELF WITH INTEGRITY & SINCERITY AT ALL TIMES, DEMONSTRATE COMPASSION &
JUSTICE IN ALL MY ACTIONS, UPHOLD THE VALUE OF EXCELLENCE, AND ABIDE BY THE
EXPECTATIONS SET FORTH IN THE STUDENT HANDBOOK.
I MAKE THIS PLEDGE IN THE SPIRIT OF HONOR & TRUST.

PERFORMANCE TASK IN PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

GOAL To undertake and make a qualitative research study
ROLE Researcher, sociologist, business analyst
AUDIENCE Researchers, academics, and scholars of the Research Guild
SITUATION The Research Guild invited you to present to the group your most
research works in ABM, STEM and HUMSS. You were expected
to show and discuss with them the problem you studied, the
supporting literature of your study, the methodology you used, and
your findings, conclusions and recommendations.
PRODUCT Research proposal
STANDARDS The paper shall be graded using 5 evaluation criteria

21ST CENTURY SKILLS CORE VALUE TASK

CRITICAL THINKING Excellence How to conduct a timely research proposal
CREATIVITY Excellence
COLLABORATION Justice The students will work together as members of the
team to draft and defend a research proposal
CROSS CULTURAL
UNDERSTANDING
COMPUTER/ICT Excellence Using ICT in looking for information about their
chosen topics
CAREER/SELF RELIANCE
COMMUNICATION Compassion Communicating the research proposal to the panel

RUBRIC FOR PRESENTATION

5 – EXCELLENT 4 – VERY GOOD 3 –GOOD 2 – SATISFACTORY 1 –FAIR

Item Evaluation Criteria Weight Marks (B) Actual Marks

(A) (1-5) (A) X B/5
1 INTRODUCTION
The topics were clearly presented, understood, in- 15
depth, and is forcefully presented and convincingly.
2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
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The ROL demonstrated sound knowledge of literature 15
in the area, and of prior work on the specific research
question.
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The methods have applied appropriate research 30
design/methods to approach the defined problem and
has described the design/methods effectively.

4 FEASIBILITY
The research proposal demonstrated the potential 25
value in advancing knowledge within the area of
study.

5 OVER-ALL PERFORMANCE 15
The researchers/proponents exhibited outstanding
presentation skills and showed confidence during the
presentation and Q and A sessions.
TOTAL SCORE

EXPECTATIONS

In this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the guidelines in choosing research topics as well as topics to be avoided;
2. narrow down a general topic into a smaller one;
3. choose a good research topic;
4. identify the steps and guidelines in the formulation of a research title;
5. critique the research titles considering the guidelines in formulating titles for a paper;
6. write a research title for your chosen topic;
7. identify the parts of the research introduction;
8. use the contents of an introduction in formulating a draft;
9. finalize the introduction of your research paper;
10. indicate scope and delimitation of research;
11. cite the benefits and beneficiaries of research
12. present written statement of the problem

PRE-TEST
Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best answer from among the given choices.

1. A business student plans a research project of an online business. Due to its limited
information (the title) on the nature of the business, which one of these bests applies to the
idea?
a. It is too broad. c. It has an acceptable method.
b. It is a highly technical subject. d. It has an acceptable purpose.

2. What is the main advantage of producing a written research project?

a. It helps with liability. c. It informs all interested parties.
b. It helps the society. d. It helps to keep people employed.

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3. Good research proposals will always:
a. focus on the written style.
b. provides respondent names and addresses.
c. consider all possible research previously been done on the topic.
d. focus on addressing the research objectives.

4. What is the reason for consulting handbooks, yearbooks, encyclopedias, or reviews in the initial
stages of identifying a research topic?
a. They are readily available.
b. They provide an overview of the issues related to a topic.
c. They are primary sources.
d. They avoid reporting statistical data to interpret the results more readily.

5. Which of the following are excellent sources for research topics?

a. Theory c. Replication of prior research
b. Personal experience d. All of the above

6. Mr. Santos identified his research topic as "classroom assessment." He recognized very
quickly his topic was far too broad. Which of the following is likely to have led to that
conclusion?
a. There was far too much written on the topic to understand it all.
b. It was difficult to organize the material collected in an effective manner.
c. The potential problems he began thinking would be next to impossible to study.
d. All of the above.

7. What is a research project?

a. A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
b. A choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods.
c. A style in which you present your research findings, e.g. a graph.
d. A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.

8. Which of these would be assured by you when selecting factors for a study in general?
a. They have been investigated before
b. They are available to investigate
c. They are not of interest to you
d. They do not lead to another question

9. Which of the following is a good way to find a research topic?

a. Personal experience
b. Getting an idea from your advisor
c. Looking for the next step in the research process
d. All of the above
10. What is not true of a research title?
a. Read the most, and it is usually read first
b. Least important element that defines the research problem.
c. Contains few words that describe the purpose of the research
d. All of the above

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OVERVIEW

Did you know that parachutes function only when opened? In the same manner your minds
work when unlocked. Research study is like you are planning to travel to a place you have not been to
and the question is where and how do you start? Where should you start research? How do you
choose a topic? What far will it go and who will benefit from it? In research, you are inclining to think in
various stages that sorts out from the simplest to the most intricate thoughts. You are beginning to
perform what you want to research intending to know a new subject into higher levels of thinking as you
go through the several conditions. The quality of thinking and devotion you give to your actions of
choosing your research, identifying question, knowing the coverage and the significance of your
research study strongly determined the success of your research work.

LESSON PROPER

LESSON 1: SUBJECT MATTER OF RESEARCH

A research topic is a subject or issue that a researcher is interested in when conducting

research. A well-defined research topic is the starting point of every successful research project.
Choosing a topic is an ongoing process by which researchers explore, define, and refine their ideas.

Guidelines in Choosing a Research Topic (Baraceros, 2017, pp 37-38)

1. Interest in the subject matter. Your interest in the subject pushes you to research, investigate,
or inquire about it with full motivation, enthusiasm, and energy.
2. The availability of information. Collecting information as evidence to support your claims about
your subject matter from varied forms of literature like books, journals, newspapers are a part
of your research work. Included in your investigation of the availability of reading materials are
questions on how updated and authoritative the materials are.
3. Timeliness and relevance of the topic. The topic must be relevant and timely. It must also
contribute to societal improvement.
4. Limitations on the subject. The options of the researcher as regards research topics are limited
to the subject enrolled or course requirements. Thus, the interest of the researcher is set aside.
5. Personal resources. You are considering your financial standing, health condition, mental
capacity, needed facilities, and time allotment to enable you to complete your research.

Research topics to be avoided (Baraceros, 2016, pp 38-39)

1. Controversial topics. These topics depend greatly on the writer’s opinion, which may tend to be
biased or prejudicial. Facts cannot support this topic.

Examples: Death penalty in the Philippines, Artificial intelligence

2. Highly Technical subjects. For a beginner, research topics which are technical and require
advanced knowledge are difficult to accomplish.

Examples: Space exploration, Genetic mutation in humans

3. Hard-to-investigate subject. If the researcher has very limited resources or cannot really find
reading materials for the topic in the library or internet, he or she will find it difficult to work on a
research project.

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Examples: Effective cure for Covid-19, Flying cars
4. Too broad subjects. These broad topics have wide scope and coverage. This may prevent you
from giving a concentrated or in-depth analysis of the subject matter. Also, researchers need a
long time to work on them.

Examples: Food management, Basketball

5. Too narrow subjects. Too narrow or too specific topics can be easily discussed in great detail.
The focus is too limited and requires extensive or thorough searching or reading for
information.

Examples: Charcoal briquetting in Pinagbuhatan, The power button of a remote control

6. Vague subjects. This kind of topic prevents you from a clear focus on your paper. Titles
beginning with several, many, some are vague. Ambiguous or unclear topics may also be
confusing to research on.

Examples: Some challenges Filipinos faced during the pandemic, Many migrant Filipinos
abroad

Sources of Research Topics (Prieto, et al. 2017, 48-49).

1. Mass media communication and press (newspapers, ads, TV, radio, films, etc.)
2. Books, Internet, peer-reviewed journals and government publications, networking
3. Lectures, talks, seminars and forums
4. General periodicals such as Readers’ Digest, Women’s Magazine, Panorama, Time Magazine
and World Mission Magazine
5. Previous reading assignment in your other subjects
6. Work experience-clues to researchable topics from full-time to a parttime job, OJT (on the job
training) experience, fieldwork.

From the sources above, as well as the guidelines in choosing the topic, you can have ideas
and decide the topic that you will have for your research paper. However, the topic that you may have,
might be general. A general topic is broad. Therefore, there is a need to narrow your topic so that your
research paper can focus on specific data that you need to gather.

Narrowing a General Topic

Here is an example of narrowing a topic:

1. Philippine Literature -This is a broad topic. What kind of literature?

2. Prose and Poetry- Is this narrowed? What kind of prose and poetry?
3. Fiction- Is this narrowed? What fiction should you get?
4. Legend- still this is not narrowed. There are many legends.
5. The Legend of Mayon Volcano- This topic is narrowed or specific. You can now focus on
what data to gather

The first thing the readers will notice in a research paper is the title, and will immediately form a
view on what they should expect in your research paper. Moreover, the title of your research paper is
the only aspect that will be freely available to readers through search engines or indexing databases. It
is therefore imperative that you write a clear, persuasive title that leads readers to know more about
your research.

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Steps in Writing a Good Research Title (Balch, 2012).

1. Ask yourself these questions and write down all the answers
 What is my paper about?
 My paper studies the effects on the academic performance of the students if their
parents are separated.

2. What techniques/ designs to be used?

 It should be a purposive unstructured interview. Phenomenological design will be
used.

3. Who/what is being studied? When /where it happens?

 I would like to study 40 students from Pinagbuhatan Pasig City.

4. Use your answers to list keywords.

 Effects
 Academic performance
 Separated parents
 Purposive
 Unstructured interview
 Children with separated parents
 40 students
 Pinagbuhatan, Pasig City
 Phenomenological design

5. Create a sentence that includes the keywords you listed.

 This study will use purposive unstructured interview and phenomenological design
to find out the effects of separated parents to the academic performance of their
children who are studying in Pinagbuhatan High School.

6. Delete all unnecessary/ repetitive words and link the remaining.

Example: This study is a purposive unstructured interview that will use a phenomenological
design to find out the effects of separated parents to the academic performance of their
children who are studying in Pinagbuhatan High School.
7. Delete non-essential information and reword the title.

Example: This study is a purposive unstructured interview that shows the effects of separated
parents to the academic performance of their children who are studying in Pinagbuhatan High
School.

Title: The Effects of Separated Parents to the Academic Performance of Children in Pinagbuhatan High
School

Guidelines in the Formulation of a Research Title

The final title must have the following characteristics:

1. The title must contain the following elements:
a. the subject matter or research problem;
b. the setting or locale of study;
c. the respondents or involved in study; and
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d. the time or period when the study was conducted.

2. Titles are usually in the form of a phrase but can also be in the form of a question.
3. Rarely use abbreviations or acronyms unless they are commonly known.
4. Identify key variables, both dependent and independent.
5. The title must be broad enough to include all aspects of the study but should be brief and
concise as possible.
6. The use of terms as “analysis of “, “a study of”, “an investigation of” and the like should be
avoided.
7. If the title contains more than one line, it should be written in an inverted pyramid.
8. When typed or encoded in the title page, all words in the title should be in capital letters.
9. Use correct grammar and capitalization with all first words and last words capitalized,
including the first word of a subtitle. All nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs
that appear between the first and last words of the title are also capitalized.
10. If possible, the title should not be longer than 15 substantive words.
11. Avoid a long, detailed title that gives too much information.
12. To shorten the title, delete the terms assessment or evaluation if these are already
emphasized in the text.

The Subtitle. Subtitles are quite common in social science research papers (Balch, 2012). Here
are the reasons why you may include a subtitle:

a. Explains or provides additional context

Example
Linguistic Ethnography and the Study of Welfare Institutions as a Flow of Social Practices:
The Case of Residential Child Care Institutions as Paradoxical Institutions

b. Adds substance to a literary, provocative, or imaginative title

Example
Listen to What I Say, Not How I Vote: Congressional Support for the President in
Washington and at Home

c. Qualifies the geographic scope of the research;

Example
The Geopolitics of the Eastern Border of the European Union: The Case of Romania-
Moldova-Ukraine

d. Qualifies the temporal scope of the research;

Example
A Comparison of the Progressive Era and the Depression Years: Societal Influences on
Predictions of the Future of the Library, 1895-1940
e. Focuses on investigating the ideas, theories, or work of a particular individual

Example
A Deliberative Conception of Politics: How Francesco Saverio Merlino Related Anarchy
and Democracy

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LESSON 3: THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND RESEARCH QUESTION

Chapter I of the research paper is called The Problem and Its Background (sometimes also
called The Introduction)

It is composed of the following sections:

1) Background of the Study,
2) Statement of the Problem,
3) Scope and Delimitation, and
4) Significance of the Study.

What is a research problem?

A problem is “any significant, perplexing, and challenging situation, real or artificial, the solution
of which requires reflexive thinking”. In research, it is known as the research topic or research title.

An illustration showing the description between a research topic, research problem, purpose
statement and research question.

General
A research topic is the Topic: Distance Learning
broad subject matter of
the study

A research problem is a
general issue or concern Research Problem: Lack of learners’ knowledge
about distance in distance education.
about the research that
narrow the topic.

Purpose Statement: To study why learners do not

A purpose of the study
attend distance education classes in a community
used to address the college
problem.

A research question Research Questions: Does the use of website

narrows the purpose into technology in the classroom deter learners from
specific questions that enrolling in a distant education class?
the researcher would like
to answer in the study
Specific

The Parts of the Introduction to a Research Paper

The introduction to a research paper simply introduces the topic being researched. The introduction
contains a topic sentence, a background of the study that consists of a thesis statement, then three to
five reasons, details, and/or facts supporting your research followed by a conclusion. It should be
relatively brief, concise, and clear. The thesis statement and the supporting sentences provide the
background information the reader needs about the topic. An introduction doesn't explain the findings in
detail. It provides the setup for the paper.

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1. Topic sentence. The topic sentence in the introduction simply states the main idea of your
paper. It should be clear and concise yet thorough enough for a reader to understand what will
be presented. It is unquestionably the most important sentence in the paragraph.

2. Background of the study. This part discusses the historical background of the problem when it
started, how and where, if possible. It describes the problematic situation, the extent, and
gravity of the problem, who are affected by it, its effects, etc.
a. The Thesis Statement. A thesis statement identifies the topic being discussed, includes the
points discussed in the paper, and is written for a specific audience. Your thesis statement
is placed at the end of the first paragraph of your introduction Your readers want to read a
written work that engages them. Consequently, you must write arguable thesis statements.
Utilizing expressive words and vivid action verbs help the thesis grab the reader's attention.
Refine your thesis statement by reading it aloud several times to ensure clarity and
cohesion.
b. Supporting Sentences. Three to five reasonable arguments should be presented in the
form of reasons, details, and/or facts. These arguments must support your research. This
is where the significance of the researched information can be summarized before you
express it in the body. An introduction can contain all reasons, all details, all facts, or a
combination of the three. Giving this pertinent information further leads the reader to
discover why this research is important.
c. Rationale. The rationale of your research is the reason for conducting the study. The
rationale should answer the need for conducting the said research. It is a very important
part of your publication as it justifies the significance and novelty of the study. That is why it
is also referred to as the justification of the study.
d. Conclusion Sentence. The concluding sentence of the introductory paragraph simply
recalls the main idea and adds a strong ending to a paragraph. When writing the
concluding sentence, rewrite the topic sentence using different words but keep the main
idea intact. Also, add a new detail or insight about the main idea. The conclusion should
use words that grab the reader's attention.

Sample Research Introduction

Title: The Perception of Filipino Teenagers to Premarital Sex Defines Filipino’s Trends of Morality.
Topic Sentence
Over the years, perceptions about premarital sex have been changing and acceptance of
premarital sex is becoming more evident (Wells, 2005). The importance of finding the perceptions of
teenagers to premarital sex will define the trends of morality of our country. Morality concerns with the
distinction of what is right and wrong. Premarital sex is wrong. This statement may raise an eyebrow to
teenagers with different perception of premarital sex. Thesis Statement

Premarital sex is sexual activity practiced by people before they are married. Historically,
premarital sex was considered a moral issue which was taboo in many cultures and considered a sin
by a number of religions, but since about the 1960s, it has become more widely accepted, especially in
Western countries. Pew (2014) study on global morality found that premarital sex was considered
particularly unacceptable in "culturally conservative countries", such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Jordan,
Pakistan, Egypt. each having over 90% disapproval, while people in Western European countries were
the most accepting, with Spain, Germany, and France expressing less than 10% disapproval. to come
the issue of acquiring HIV and AIDS.
Background of the Study
The influence of the Western countries about premarital sex to our country particularly to
Filipino teenagers gave way to accepting and embracing the issue. Some engaged in this act casually
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and think its effect after they have committed such activity. It is of common knowledge that when a man
and woman engaged in sexual intercourse it is coupled with procreation. This will result to pregnancies
and for teenagers this will be an early entrance to the world of parenthood. There are more issues that
teenagers may experience as for having sex. The issue of abortion, adoption, single parenthood,
school dropout, and worse to come the issue of acquiring HIV and AIDS.
This fact sounds the alarm and needs sensible attention. What is now the
trend of morality to premarital sex? This study serves as a premediated step to Rationale
giving solutions to the problems encountered by teenagers indulging to premarital
sex.

To better put into perspective, it is important to investigate the insights of the

teenagers as regards to premarital sex. As future adult that would transfer their
perceptions to the new generation defines what is the morality of our country. Does Conclusion
the morality now accept or deny premarital sex? Thus, this research study is
conducted.

The Do’s and Don’ts of Writing a Research Background Study

DO‘S! DON’TS!
 Explain the importance of your  Write a background that is too long or short
research topic  Be ambiguous in your writing, disorganized
 Explain the importance of your and discuss unrelated subjects.
research topic  Forget the reader may not be familiar with the
 Talk about the main developments details of your work.
and missing links and gaps in your  Elaborate on your background literature
research area  Forget to provide a historical perspective
 Focus on the relevant aspects of  Forget to check your target
your study explaining how it will journal’s instruction for presenting the study
lead to the progress of scientific background
knowledge.
 Engage your findings in a
chronological manner
 Articulate your ideas in a clear and
concise manner
 Engage the readers by building the
story around the central theme
of your research

3. Statement of the Problem. It contains the purpose statement and research questions. It is a
series of questions used in researching the topic which is composed of:
a. The general statement of the problem (the purpose statement) and
b. The specific sub-problems or sub-questions (or research questions)

Guidelines in Writing the Statement of the Problem (Calderon & Gonzales,1993)

a. The general statement of the problem and the research questions should be formulated
first before conducting the research.
b. Research questions should be stated in the interrogative and each should be clear to
avoid confusion.
c. Each research question should be researchable separately from the other questions
and must be based upon known facts and phenomena which is accessible to the
researcher.

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d. Answers to each research question can be interpreted apart from the answers to the
other specific questions and must contribute to the development of the whole research
study.
e. The summary of the answers to all the specific questions will give a complete
development of the entire study.
f. The number of research questions should be enough to cover the development of the
whole research study.

Example of Statement of the Problem:

This research aims to develop an evaluation model of a web-based tool used in test
administration for Grade 11 and 12 students. (Leanillo, 2016)

Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions:

1. What web-based tools are commonly used in test administration?
2. How are these web-based test tools evaluated?
3. How could evaluation model be designed for web-based test administration?

4. Scope and Delimitation of the Study

a. Scope of a Study. It is the coverage of the research to be explored which includes the
facts and theories about the subject

Example: A research study on the impact of social networking on the attitude of senior
high school learners.

It is not possible to cover all aspects of the selected subject. The scope will have to be
restricted to a specific section of the target population over a specified duration.

In the above-cited study, a group of 40 learners in senior high school at one particular
school would be an ideal coverage to study their attitude for five months.

These would form the next parameter.

b. Delimitation of a Study. It limits the scope and outlines the boundaries of the study.

These limitations include the following:

i. Sample size. The research design and method will determine whether if it is
small or large sample size. The sample size will determine the quality of data
and the relationships that will be identified among the variables.
ii. Lack of available and/or reliable data. This will limit the scope of analysis and the
ability of the researcher to determine meaningful trends and relationships among
the data.
i. Lack of prior studies. This will limit the effectiveness of the literature review and
initial understanding of the research.
ii. Chosen data collection method. The quality of data collected must be clear to
avoid erroneous answers from the respondents.
iii. Nature of the information collected. Researchers should not rely on pre-existing
data.
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iv. Access. The amount and quality of available data will depend on the ability of the
researcher to access people, organizations, libraries, and documents.
v. Time period. It is advisable to select a research problem and design.
vi. Bias. The researcher should be aware of his or her personal biases.
vii. Language.This may have an effect on data collection, especially if the
researcher is involved with respondents that speak a variety of languages.

5. Significance of the Study. The significance of the study discusses the purpose that the
research will serve to society, the country, the government, the institution or agency concerned,
the curriculum planners and developers, and the research community. It also describes the
contribution of the study to the existing body of knowledge.

It could be the following:

a. A form of new knowledge in the field,
b. A validation of the major findings of other studies,
c. A verification of the validity of findings in a different population,
d. Analysis of trends over time, and validation of other findings using different
methodologies.

The researcher must identify specifically the beneficiaries who will directly gain from the
results of the study mentioning them in the paper according to the significance of the result.
The specific benefits must also be enumerated and explained if necessary.

Example:

The Effects of Computer-assisted Instruction in the Performance of Students in Asian History and
Civilization (Cuenca, 2008)

The findings of the study may provide deeper insights on how teaching can be made
easier and more meaningful by the use of computer-aided instruction. The study determined the
significant effects of slide presentation in instruction, a form of computer instruction on the
performance of the students in the subjects Asian History and Civilization.

To the students, the results may serve as an inspiration for them to continuously improve
their skills in using computers because they will realize the comfort that computer skills offer in
complying with the requirements of major subjects in the coming years.

To the administrators, the results may serve as a guide in the program-planning and
implementation of the IT department so that they can be of great help to the teachers of the
university.

To the teachers, the results may serve as an eye opener for those who are not
comfortable on the use of computers in their class lesson presentations. The findings of this study
may encourage more of them to apply computer-aided instruction in teaching.

WRAP- UP

The value of inquiry is a process of learning that involves a number of important activities for
students, including asking their own questions, investigating multiple sources of information for a
purpose, thinking critically to make sense of information they’ve found, and establishing and
communicating new understandings and knowledge. When students learn through inquiry, they actively
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make connections and sometimes discover that being wrong, or failure, is not only an option but a
normal and important part of learning.

Inquiry differs from the traditional “report” assignment where students find the best information
about a topic and then organize it into a final product. The process of writing a traditional ‘report’ is
controlled and linear; students will know where they will end up before they start. Inquiry is more open-
ended with learning that is active, shared, and based on student-generated questions. Through inquiry,
students engage in research around interesting ideas and essential questions. Questioning, critical
thinking, and the creative development of new knowledge through inquiry are as important (if not more
so) to learning as information finding through research.

According to Barbara Stripling, one of the field’s thought leaders, “Inquiry is unique because it
places students at the heart of learning, empowering them to follow their sense of wonder into new
discoveries.”

Perhaps one of the greatest benefits of inquiry is that it helps students discover that learning is
a cycle. Each experience is a problem to solve or a task for creating something that begins with a set of
questions that likely lead to another set of questions with deep learning as the desired outcome.

There is no defined end and there is just as much value (if not more!) in the experiences that
don’t go as planned as the ones that do. Students are asked to reflect on their work, their results, and
the process they used to get them. Studies consistently show that student attitudes and levels of
motivation to pursue learning on their own increase when they are engaged in inquiry-based activities.
The role of the teacher in this model is to facilitate, not direct, student learning—to ask questions to
prompt thinking, to provide feedback that can move thinking forward, and to connect students to
appropriate resources while also giving them enough room to be making choices on their own, to make
mistakes, and, yes, to be wrong. We’d love to hear what you think about inquiry, how you have used it,
the challenges you’ve faced, and the benefits you and your students have gained!

VALUING

Narrowing Your Topic

Given the following broad topics for research, select one topic of your choice below and narrow
or limit the topic to make it specific. Use the narrowing chart to fill in the topic. An example is given as
your pattern.

Topics to choose:
a. Climate Change
b. Social Networking
c. Communication Skills
d. Medicinal Plants
e. Cultural Beliefs

Example: Topic is Chocolate

Topic Chocolate
Sub-Topics History of chocolate, making of chocolate, health
aspects of chocolate, chocolate addictions,
brands of chocolate
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What sub-topics are of most interest to you? Health aspects of chocolate.
What new questions do you have about your Are there health benefits to eating chocolate?
topic? Can chocolate boost your mood? Is chocolate
addictive?
Develop a topic statement I will explore the health benefits of eating
chocolate, specifically focusing on how chocolate
affects moods and brain chemistry.

POST-ASSESSMENT

A. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITIES

Enrichment Activity 1. You will be grouped and will be tasked to submit 5 research topics.
Let the teacher check your topic and brainstorm what single topic will you choose. Create
your working RESEARCH TITLE.

Enrichment Activity 2. From your proposed research study present your written Statement of the
Problem which comprises the following sections:
a. Background of the Study (Introduction)
b. Statement of the Problem
c. Scope and Delimitation of the Study
d. Significance of the Study

POST TEST. Read and answer the following questions. Write the letter of the best answer
beside each item.

1. Which of the following is a good way to find a research topic?

a. Personal experience
b. Getting an idea from your advisor
c. Looking for the next step in the research process
d. All of the above

2. What is a not true of a research title?

a. Read the most, and it is usually read first
b. Least important element that defines the research problem.
c. Contains few words that describe the purpose of the research
d. All of the above

3. What is the reason for consulting handbooks, yearbooks, encyclopedias, or reviews in the initial
stages of identifying a research topic?
a. They are readily available.
b. They provide an overview of the issues related to a topic.
c. They are primary sources.
d. They avoid reporting statistical data to interpret the results more readily.

4. Which of the following are excellent sources for research topics?

a. Theory b. Personal experience c. Replication of prior research d. All of the above

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5. Mr. Santos identified his research topic as "classroom assessment." He recognized very
quickly his topic was far too broad. Which of the following is likely to have led to that
conclusion?
a. There was far too much written on the topic to understand it all.
b. It was difficult to organize the material collected in an effective manner.
c. The potential problems he began thinking would be next to impossible to study
d. All of the above

6. What is a research project?

a. A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
b. A choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods.
c. A style in which you present your research findings, e.g. a graph.
d. framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.

7. Which of these would be assured by you when selecting factors for a study in general?
a. They have been investigated before
b. They are available to investigate
c. They are not of interest to you
d. They do not lead to another question

8. A business student plans a research project; it is called a description of an online business. On

the limited information (the title), which one of these bests applies to the idea?
a. It is too broad. c. It has an acceptable method
b. It is a highly technical subject. d. It has an acceptable purpose.

9. What is the main advantage of producing a written research project?

a. Helps with liability. c. Informs all interested parties.
b. Helps the society. d. Helps keep people employed.

10. Good research proposals will always:

a. Focus on the written style.
b. Provides respondent names and addresses.
c. Consider all possible research previously been done on the topic.
d. Focus on addressing the research objectives.
e. They do not lead to another question

Direction: Read the following statements. Answer TRUE if the statement describes a research, FALSE
if you think it is not. Write your answers on the spaces provided for.
1. The rationale of the study gives the reasons why the study should be conducted.
2. The starting point in any research project is to formulate a question.
3. The researcher's own personal interests and observations may be a valuable source of
questions.
4. Theories of other researchers are not a particularly good source of research questions.
5. Successful research often raises new questions, even while it answers old questions.
6. A research question transforms into your conclusion.
7. You should never consider matching your interest to a funder interest.
8. A problem statement identifies the nature of the problem being addressed, and its context and
significance.
9. The "purpose" of a study is the same thing as the "objective" of a study.
10. The "specific aims" of a study are the same thing as the "objectives" of a study.
11. Research question come from any of several sources namely, personal interest and
experiences.
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12. The research question should be either too broad or too narrow.
13. The objectives of the research.is sometimes referred to as delimitations of the study.
14. Scope and Delimitation or research indicates the boundaries, exceptions, reservation and
qualification in your study.
15. Objectives of the research indicate what will the research will do, for instance, discover, explain
or see.

SHS Practical Research 1 Q3 Module 2 SY 2022-2023