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    11 Gography

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    Secret Is secret
    This document provides information about the key differences between maps and globes, as well as essential features of maps. It discusses how maps are simplified representations of the earth's surface at a reduced scale, while globes are 3D models that can best show the shape and location of places. The document also covers map scale, including statement of scale, representative fraction, and graphical scale. It provides examples of converting between these different scale representations and constructing a graphical scale bar.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    11 Gography

    Uploaded by

    Secret Is secret
    30 views4 pages
    This document provides information about the key differences between maps and globes, as well as essential features of maps. It discusses how maps are simplified representations of the earth's surface at a reduced scale, while globes are 3D models that can best show the shape and location of places. The document also covers map scale, including statement of scale, representative fraction, and graphical scale. It provides examples of converting between these different scale representations and constructing a graphical scale bar.

    Original Description:

    Geography

    Original Title

    11-GOGRAPHY

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    This document provides information about the key differences between maps and globes, as well as essential features of maps. It discusses how maps are simplified representations of the earth's surface at a reduced scale, while globes are 3D models that can best show the shape and location of places. The document also covers map scale, including statement of scale, representative fraction, and graphical scale. It provides examples of converting between these different scale representations and constructing a graphical scale bar.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views4 pages

    11 Gography

    Uploaded by

    Secret Is secret
    This document provides information about the key differences between maps and globes, as well as essential features of maps. It discusses how maps are simplified representations of the earth's surface at a reduced scale, while globes are 3D models that can best show the shape and location of places. The document also covers map scale, including statement of scale, representative fraction, and graphical scale. It provides examples of converting between these different scale representations and constructing a graphical scale bar.

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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    CLASS XI DATE

    SUBJECT: GOGRAPHY TOPIC: PRACTICAL 1: MAP


    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MAP AND GLOBE

    MAP GLOBE

    It is a simplified representation of a part or whole It is the model of the earth and is the best
    of the earth surface in a proportionally reduced possible representation of the earth.
    scale.
    It is two dimensional. It is three dimensional.
    Map can give varieties of detail information. It can only give general information.

    Shape of continent is not accurately shown in But the shape and location of a place can be best
    map. understood by referring globe.

    ESSENTIAL FEATURES IN A MAP

    • Scale

    • Map Projection

    • Map Generalisation

    • Map Design

    • Map Construction and Production

    Scale

    Ratio of distances between two points on the map and the corresponding distance between the same
    two points on the ground.

    In other words, a map scale provides the relationship between the map and the whole or a part of the
    earth’s surface shown on it.

    There are at least three ways in which this relationship can be expressed. These are:

    1. Statement of Scale

    2. Representative Fraction (R. F.)

    3. Graphical Scale
    Statement of Scale
    • The scale of a map may be indicated in the form of a written statement.

    • For example, if on a map a written statement appears stating 1 cm represents 10 km, it means
    that on that map a distance of 1 cm is representing 10 km of the corresponding ground distance.

    • 1 inch represents 10 miles.

    Representative Fraction (R. F.)


    • It shows the relationship between the map distance and the corresponding ground distance in
    units of length. The use of units to express the scale makes it the most versatile method.

    • R. F. is generally shown in fraction because it shows how much the real world is reduced to fit on
    the map.

    • For example; 1: 100,000

    • This can be understood as 1cm in the map represents 100,000 cm of the ground or

    • 1 inch of the map represents 100,000 inches of the ground.

    Graphical Scale
    • Scale shows map distances and the corresponding ground distances using a line bar with
    primary and secondary divisions marked on it.

    CONVERSION OF SCALE
    1. Statement scale to R.F.
    • Convert the given Statement of Scale of 1 inch represents 4 miles into R. F.

    To convert this scale into RF, we need to convert 4 miles into inches

    1 mile = 8 x 220 x 3 x 12 = 63,360 inches

    4 miles = 63,360 x 4 = 253,440 inches

    R.F. is 1:253,440

    • Convert the given scale of 1cm represents 120 km into R.F.

    To convert this scale into RF, we need to convert 120km into centimeter

    1 km= 1000 x 100 = 100,000cm

    120km =120 x 100,000= 120,000,00 cm

    R.F. is 1:120,000,00
    Textual questions
    Convert the given Statement of Scale into Representative Fraction

    I. 5 cm represents 10 km III. 1 inch represents 1 yard

    II. 2 inches represents 4 miles IV. 1 cm represents 100 meters

    2. R. F. into Statement of Scale


    • Convert R.F. 1: 50,000 into statement Convert R.F. 1: 253,440 into statement scale in
    scale in Matrix system English system

    In matric system 1cm represent 50,000cm of 1 inch represents 253,440 inches of the
    the ground. ground

    we will first convert 50,000cm to meter we will first convert 253,440 into ft

    As we know 1mt =100cm As we know 1ft = 12 inches

    50,000cm = 50,000/100= 500mt 253,440/12 =21,120 ft

    So, the statement is 1cm represents 500mt Covert ft into yard (1 yard = 3 ft)

    21,120/3=7040 yard

    convert yard into furlong (1 furlong = 220


    yards)

    7040/220= 32 furlongs

    convert furlong into miles (1mile=8 furlongs)

    32/8= 4 miles

    so, the statement scale is 1inch represents 4


    miles

    (1 mile = 63,360 inches)

    253,440/63,360= 4 miles

    TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
    I. 1: 100,000 (into km) II. 1: 126,720 (into miles)
    III. 1: 31680 (into furlongs) IV. 1: 50,000 (into mt)
    3. CONSTRUCTION OF BAR SCALE/ GRAPHIC SCALE
    Construct a graphical scale for a map drawn at a scale of 1: 50,000 and read
    the distances in kilometre and metre.
    To get the length of line for the graphical scale, these steps may be followed:
    1: 50,000 means that 1 unit of the map represents 50,000 units on the ground
    or 1 cm represents 50,000 cm
    or 1 cm represents 500 mt

    Construction
    The graphical scale may be constructed by following these steps:
    Draw a straight line of 10 cm and divide it into 5 equal parts
    Assign a value of 1 km each for 4 right side divisions from the 0 mark
    divide the extreme left side division into 10 equal parts
    mark each division by a value of 100 mt, for left side beginning from 0.
    From 0 towards right is primary divisions, and towards left is secondary
    divisions.
    (mt) 600 500 400 300 200 100
    0 1 2 3 {km}

    • Convert the following scale into graphic scale


    1. 1: 126,720 (into miles)
    2. 1: 100,000 (into km)
    3. 1 cm represents 100 mt
    4. 1 inch represents 1 yard
    5. 1: 50,000 (into mt)
    6. 4 cm represents 20,000km

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