Statics (ENCE2320) ‫ بسمله عاصي‬:‫الطالبة‬

I took this explanation from Dr. Jeff from his YouTube channel
(‫)اخذت هذا الشرح من الدكتور جيف من قناته على يوتيوب‬
Channel: Jeff Hanson

from the playlist

( online statics course )

At the head of each page I

wrote the title of the video
from the playlist
‫)في بداية كل صفحة كتبت عنوان الفيديو من القائمة )عشان تعرفو الشرح من‬
( (‫اي فيديو وأي شي مش واضح بترجع فيه لليوتيوب‬
Like this:

chapters:
Ch.1 Revision Chapter: Concepts and Principles
Ch.2 Satics of Particles
Ch.3 Rigid Bodies: Equivalent Systems of Forces
(excluding 3.4D)
Ch.4 Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies
Ch.5 Distributed Forces: Centroids (Sections 5.1-5.3A)
Ch.6 Analysis of Structures (excluding 6.1D space trusses and 6.4
machines)
Ch.7Internal forces in Members (Sections 7.1)
‫ الشرح لحاله ما بكفي عشان تجيب عالمة حلوة باملساق الزم تحل‬: ‫مالحظة مهمة‬
. ‫كتير اسئلة ألنه في كتير أفكار بالتوفيق‬
Intro and Newton's laws, scalers, and vectors
Newton's laws:

1 1-st law- an rest object at rest will remain at rest, or an object in

motion will remain in motion.
it has to be constant velocity there's no acceleration
mathematically EF 0
2 A force on a body is equal to its mass times its acceleration.

mathematically EF MG
3 For every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction.

Scalers and vectors

Scaler: a quantity described by magnitude alone.
Ex: mass, time, temperature.

Vector: a quantity described by magnitude and direction.

Ex: acceleration(a), velocity(V), force(f),displacement(x)

Graphical Vectors

Direction

Magnitude

Line of action 486

Vector language,intro to Vector addition

vector language

concurrent vector forces- 2 or more vectors going through the

same point.
NFL
F
F
Point

Coplanar vector forces- 2 or move vectors in the same plane.

Resultant of vector forces- a single vector replacing or

representing 2 or more vector force.
(R) = vector (a) + vector (b)

So: = 5 N and =7 N
5,4

Case 1: R = a+ b
a b = 5 +7= 12 N (+x) (0)
same LOW

Case 2: R=a+b
o
a b = 5+-7=-2N (-x)(0)

Case 3:
5 R= 19 b 1512 1712

a 8.60 N
parallelagram rule and 0 tan 7g 54.5
a
R2 at bt
5 R
5
and tan
10
The triangle rule for adding vector to nd a resultant 1

9 5N 5 7 N

Case 4:
b
find R
142
a
50

b 78 360 42 42 120
5
142 0 138

R 924 b2 295 cos138

R 512 1712 215 7 05138

R 11.23 N

to find α
sit she 7,9138
sin α

α 24.650

Trig tricks

• Triangle interior
angles sum 180
a

• Complementary • Right triangles

angles sum to 90

• Supplementary angles
sum to 180

Fia
The triangle rule for adding vector to nd a resultant 2

• Labelling • Law of cos

triangle 9 b

B c A

• Law of sin
key
same if we say
A B
sin
c

sine sine
sing Sig size

so in another
way
180 42 1380
7
R
ia
g
II is cosiss 11.23 N

and sinx
si 38 she 7,423138

50 2 24.650
R 11.23 N 4 24.650
Vector addition, triangle rule and Cartesian and vector notation 1
Resultant of vectors

P 40 N 9 60N find R
n R 4012 160 214011601cos 160

9 60 R 5200 4800COS160
p
R 98.54N 437

d 0 sin α 12
si too sik 609 4

but β 25 12 370
But we can solve this question in another easy way:
So let's talk about Cartesian coordinates system
A
• The axis is orthogonal 900,61 91101
• Right handed system
• Has unit vectors will pint In
a s 441,6036161 f
FL
I J K and it's
I a vector of length 1
and it's give a direction

Fy
f F F I Fy I
10 F Fcos It Fsino I
And that calls Cartesian vector
cos
Fy F Fx Fy 2
Fx F cos
0 tan
sin
Fy
E
Fy F sino
Vector addition, triangle rule and Cartesian and vector notation 2

F 40 N 9 60N find R

Fx 40 005254 6000545
95in451 78.68 N
psinas
Fy 405in254605in45
59.33 N
acos Pcos25
F 78.681 59.33J N
F 178.6812 159.3312 98 54 N
O tan 59.33 370 F 98.54N 37
78.68
2D, ne resultant vectors, triangle rule, Cartesian vector

Find the restart force on the crate.

1. Use the triangle rule
2. Use Cartesian components

triangle rule
R 1901 10012 2190111001cos 126.9

R 170 N 28.1
a
sin
sik53
is sf.gg 19 853.1

Cartesian components
y
y Fz
Fx Fit F2
90 100 3 150 N

Fy Fr 9
COS 100 9 80 N

sin R 1501 80J N

IR 115012 18012 170 N 428.1
0 tan 8 28.1
Most missed topic in statics, Cartesian coordinates

F Fix Fly
30000545T 3005in450J

Fz Fax Fzy
400Cos 70 I 400sin 70 J

Fs F Cos
i 150 sin 15 5

F
Then Iso co 250 sin to

Fx 3000545 400cos 70 1 150 cos 15 250 0570

Fx 15 94 I N

and Fy 13005in45 4005in701 1505in15 2505in70

Fy 314 26J N
so FR
3 4 3,4 26s N

FR 15.972 319.2612

314 66 N
O tan 31 87.1
Finding vector components in non-orthogonal system

Goal: nal the u, v components

of the 30 N force

A Law of sin okay 30

v
30
sin 05 sikus sika yo 301
f 30N
4 30 sin 45 21.96 N
sin 105
U 3051430 15.53 N
sings
 Intro to 3D vectors, deriving blue triangle equations
Case 1: blue triangle equations 2 angles

if we look on the
14
top of this 72
system we can see
Fx an
y
fit Fz so cos
F
To
Fx FZ FACOSO Fx
I
and sino Fff Fec
L
Fx FitSind
F F Fy FF
Now let's look from another side theanglebetween zaxis
Fit
so cosey ez.it
Ff
between
yaxis
FY FY and F
f
g Fy FCOSOy

Fit and sin y Fft

FH FSinoy

Then
Fx Fsinoysin Where we can use this equ?
In the problems it have a blue
Fy Fcosoy Triangle in the book.
Fz Fsineycoso
Drill problems practicing blue triangle problems (spherical coordinates)

Blue triangle equations

Fx Fsinoysin F= magnitude of force

= the angle bet ween +z-axis and FH
Fy Fcosoy = the angle bet ween +y-axis and F

Fz Fsinoycos

Ex 1:

1
2
5

for Fi
1301 120

Ex 2:

for Fz for Fi
F 350 N F 200N

S s

Ex 3:

for Fi
for Fz
F GON F 75N
3 S
Drill problems practicing blue triangle problems (spherical coordinates) 2
Ex 4:

for
for sin soon
353
225
Directional cosines for 3D vectors and competes

Case 2: directional cosines 13angle

821
=Angle bet ween +x and F g
Ox

Oy =Angle bet ween +y and F

Of =Angle bet ween + Z and F SO COS Fx F COS

COS y Fy F F cosey
F

Ex:
COS FZ FCOS z

for Fr
8

for Fi
8 4
to find Oy

COS Cosby 0 02 1
we should be
careful here
if 5 1001 200 j 30K so

IF 11005 120012 1301 225.6 N this't magnitude

and the direction Ox cos 63.69

Oy cos 222 27.56

Oz cos 97.64
22
 Finding 3D vectors when given coordinates
Case 3: with coordinates... Method
4 unit vector
Goal: nd force vector acting
On point A
C

A A 0 80 01m 13160 0 401m

10180,01 2
160,0 401

F FA
z ex IAB it's
I Fxa cuzthe goesfrom AtoB
and AB B A
F 2500 TAB

first AB
40k OT 80540K
602 80J 40K m

AB 1601 8011 14012 107.70 m

Next F 125001 605 805 4011

107.70
F 1392.761 1857.01J 9345.8K N

2
Statics about a particle, 3D resultant of vector force

Goal : nd the resultant of vector FI , F2, F3, and

ne the direction cosine angle of the resultant

A first F F 80N IF ON
iim
Fx Fsinoysi.no ftp.f
s Fy
18011sini3s11sinoo1
y8.98nEgn
Fcosoy 801101135 56.57 N u

Fz F sin ycos 0 180 sin175 Cor 601 28.29 N

so F1 48.981 56.57J 28.29k N
Next Fz Fz 160 N Ox 45 Oy 60 02 1200

so F2 42.43T 30J 30K N

then F3 A 5 2,41
F F a 30 51 4K 22.35 8.945 17.88K N
finally FR Fit Fz Fs
Fr 1 48.981 30K1
56.57922.38 jp9J
so FR 15.81 35.51J 16.17K N
FR 15.814 135.5124 16.171 42.09 N
ox cos 67.95 Oz cos 67.41

09 cost 147.53
if
Dot product for angles bet ween vectors and projections 1
2 main equations:

1 Cos 2 Fine F line

For nding the magnitude of

For nding angle bet ween the projection of a force on any
2 vectors line.

1. Find the angle bet ween F and F

2. Find the magnitude of FIIprojected
onto vector F

A to find F F F A 125 31 45 27
5 385
SOFT 69.642 92.85J 46.42K N
F 125 N

to find Fz 02 120 Ox 50 Oy
COS COS y COS I 1
cos 5024 COS y COS1202 1
Cosby 10.581 54.52 125.5 so y 54.52
Fx FCOS x 21000550 134.98 N

E c s.sn
so F 134 98 I 121.89J 105K
F 210 N

a cos f 69.642 92.85J 46.42K 134.981 121.89J 105K

151.425 210
cost 9400 11317.5
26250 SO 0 85.470
Dot product for angles bet ween vectors and projections 2

b Fline Fz IF
134 98 I 121.89J 105K 31 45 2k
0.556
134 98 I 121.89J 105k f 0.745 0.37k
75.59 90 199 38.85 53.46 N
Using scalar equations to solve 2 unknowns

19
EF O Fi 100N
Fp
EFx O
01 130 y
Fy O 1250

Find and F3so that the system is in equilibrium

v Fa 200N
A EF O

EF 0

200 0525 1000530 F 050 0

Fs cos 267.86 1

Fy 0
200sin25 100sin30 Fssin
sino F
34.52 2

Now we divide 2 1 50

tan 0.129
so 0 7.34

and F 267.86 F 267.86

cos cos 7.34

so F 270 N
Proving there's no such thing as straight strings

What is the tension in those cable?

A the tension 301 130

is
nᵗʰ o Ffpes
5 100 100N

F 0 EFX 0
Tcos30 T cos 30 0 SO Fx 0

Fy 0

Tsin30 Tsin 30 100 0

58 so T 100 N
What if we make the angle from 30 degree to 5 degree?

T so 7 573.68 N To hold up 100 N, we got T= 573N in

g t wo Sides (that's a lot)

What if we make the angle from 30 degree to 0.05 degree?

T 8.0 so T 57295 N
s

So what's happening?
As that rope get's closer and closer (the angle get closer anew closer
to o ) the tension is going to in nity
Equilibrium of a particle, 2D forces around a pulley.
Tension with a pulley
The tension on one side of
a pulley and the rope
goes around that pulley
ssDe
Find the tension in so the tension in the
iq
o.aaaaeei

other side the exact

cable ABC and DE same (if there is a
friction it will be
different)

A
m 7 in
s 3
I Tx TCOS45
21.8C 1 t 1500
2 sn im Ty Tsin 45
tano
1 21.8

EF 0 Fy 1500N

first Fx 0
Tcos45 Tcas 21.8 FPECOS45 0
T 0545 COS21.81 FDECOS45
FDE0545
0.22T FDE 0545 y T T 3.21FDE
0.22
Fy 0
Tsin21.8 Tsin 45 FDEsin45 1500
1 09T FDEsin45 1500
1 09T 0.71FDE 1500

Now 109113.21FDE 0.71 FDE 1500

4 21 FDE 1500 FDE 356.39 N

and T 3.21 FDE

T 3 2111356.41 T 1144 N
2D equilibrium of a particle with springs

If angle was originally 45

before the weights were K 100N m
added, nd the weight of each
block . 2
H
In this problem is completely symmetric ( whatever is
going on i n the left half will be going on the right half

Fyi
tano
if
I g tank's
WL Fsprings = Kx
K: is constant
X:stretch in the spring
1 84 122 14.42
n this
any
d
BE and it's
Now cos45 won't change
1 4
10.2m it's EH when 45

stretch in the spring 2 2 2.2 4.4 m

Fs 100 44 440 N

Fx 4401 FBA cos56.3 W cos63.4 0

FBAcos56.3 WCOs63.4 440 I

Fy FBI Cos 80 2

so FBA 452.9 N and W 421 Y N

Each one of the block=421.4 N 8

294.641
2D statics on a particle, multiple free body diagrams 1
Concepts:
1. Use of multiple free bodies
2. Slope triangles
3. Substituting force

Find the tension in all cables

EFX 0 Fy O

A first
50 Fy 0
1T
T T W 0
2T 200 so T 100N
WV

is TAB TAD 0
TAB
3
TAD so TAB 2,4TAD

100N Fy 0
TAB 1 TAD T O
COSO SINO
Y TAD 100
139 TAD
cos02 1 Sinor
1 TAD 1 TAD 100

TAD TAD
wef.mged
to 100
1 if
1298 7988 TAD 100 1 50 SO TAD 69.64N
TAFD 100 N

TAB 44.64N andTAB 359 69.64 so TAB 44.64 N

TAD 69.64N

TDC 192.26N
TPE 273.81N
 2D statics on a particle, multiple free body diagrams 2

Trent
Fx 0
TDC TDA 4 TDE O
FPE
TDC 69.64 0.8 TDE O
TDA 69.64
I 0.8 TDE TDC 26.78
COSO SINO Fy 0
COS02 93 siners TDE 1 TDA T 0

0.6TDE 1 69.64 100 0

0.6TDE 164.28 so TDE 273.81 N

and 0.8 273.811 TDC 26.78

so TDC 192.26 N
 3D statics about a particle, calculating unit vector 1

3D equilibrium of a particle

Find : TAC, TAD, TAB

The slab weighs 2500 N 2m
is
12500N
it ex
48
FI
B
Dry
so C
to find
TAB m
m
50 10.1.01 11010,21
54 5 Tim
TAB 0.51 1J 2K M
IVAT I 10.511 1112 127 2.29 m
AB 0.51 J 2K 0.221 0.44J 0.87K
5910221 0.44J 0.87K N
so TAB

IE 2 06
o.at

so Tae Tac 10.247 0.97K N

III 2 24
o.in o.sas

SO TAD Fap 0.447J 0.893K N

3D statics about a particle, calculating unit vector 2

Then T 2500 K
TAB TAB 0.221 0.44J 0.87K

Tae Tac 10.247 0.97K

TAD Fap 0.447J 0.893K

50
F224A 0.24TAC 0

FAB 0.447TAD 0

IFTAB 0.97Tac 0 893Tap 2500

50 TAB 961.7 N TAC 845.36N TAD 940.2N

3 equations and unknowns, 3D vectors

3D - statics on a particle
3m
Goal: if W = 600 N
Find: T A, TDB, TDc
im 2m
im
TPA 2m
or 2,181,01
Vsoon
nA IT 2J 1K

0.40 4 0 816ft 0.408K

so Tpa Tpa 0.408 It 0.816ft 0.408K

NPB 31 2 0.7281 0.4855 0.485K

SO TDB TPB 0.728170.485J 0.485K

ne ok 0.7061 0.7069
212 Tags
so TDC TDC 0.7065 0.70651
of 2,45 fresinus
50 TTC Tax sin45 They 0545
Now Fx 0 0.408TDA 0.728TDB TDC sin 45 0

Fy O 0.816J TPA 0.485TDBJ TPC COS45 600

Fz 0 0 408TDA 0.485TDB 0

50 TDA 267.3N THB 224.9 N TDC 385.8 N

Introduction to moments rXF , Torque 1

Statics on a rigid body

What's a rigid body?

It's anything other than a particle ION

Let's say we have this rigid body(a beam)

MA
Is that beam in equilibrium?
ION
Fx 0 There aren't so 0
Fy 0 10 10 0 500
Torque, moment, couple.....
(These words have all mean the same thing) That's true but we need
They are a tendency to cause rotation. something more and
it's the moments
Couple =2 forces, magnitude, parallel lines EM
of action , opposite direction... is 3D
T= fd
D: perpendicular distance to the force
A
Mz O
M= r x F So a position vector is: a vector whose tail is at the
f: is 3D force vector point we wish to take a moment about, and whose tip
r: position vector is anywhere along the line of action (LOA)of the force

• Multiplying vectors o.b.m w.kr WE

Vector 1: (a)= 31 7J 6K
Vector 2: (b)= 8T 6J 2K
axb=r Kramers rule

Mo I I
7 6 133
3 164881 5484
a 17 2 1661 1 J 13 1 1 K
6 2
5 8 Mo 221 54J 60K
Introduction to moments rXF , Torque 2

Find moment at point A

due to the 100 N force.

A MA TX F
so I 100J N

T 2405301 245in305
V2 24 cos 30

MA J K 2078 N.MY
20.078 cw moments
are negative

4 779
and MA 20 78 2078 N.ME
2D moment about a point,2 methods

Find the moment

produced about A

y problem the moment is always

we have 2 ways to answer this problem around K
was t
Ma t xp to find F we have 2 choice
13T 1500005450 500
sinuss
I E as
3 0 0
353.6353.0 0

110110111 1015 13353.611011k it'smoreeasier

so MA 1060.8 J Nm so T 321mi

way21 M Fd and F 353.61 353.68

171 500 N
soosinus

EMA 3536 3 2.12 1353.612.12

145 soocosus
Ma 1060.8 Nim r I nowit's a 45 triangle so
I arethesame
so sinus f 2.12m
2D min max moment calculation

Goal: the tension in the cable is 2500 N .

what is the moment produced et point
A? If the cable could pull from any
direction, what's the maximum moment
possible at point A? What is the
minimum moment at point A?

25,00
so 0 tan 1,8
271.22

no so F 250000527.221 2500sin27.22J

EMA 27.221118
12500cos 2500sin27.2211101
40016.6 11435.2 28581.4 Nim it'sbig we can sayit's2.38kip.tt

a where we can get the max moment

if a force gothroughthepoint you'retrying to make amoment it make amoment
Now max moment always occurs when the force vector isgo tothe i
r
10
10 v Fto 20.59

EMA 2500120.59 51.478 N.im

b where we can get the min moment

Mamin 0
3D, moment about a point and rFX example

Find the moment generated by

the 39 N force about A.

MA Tx F
H

T T 10T 20J 4km

ÑH 41 12J 3K M
IDI 13 m
DH 0.30824 0.923J 0.231K
F 13911 0.308ft 0.923ft 0.231K
FDH 12.01217 35.997J 9.009K N

Then EMA TX F
f 10T 20J 4K 12.0121 35.997J 9.009K

is 9.809
12.0121 35.997

1209.0091 4 35.9971 1 1 10 9.0091 4 12.0121

9 1035.997 120 12.012 K
180.18 193.98811 90.09 48.04819 1 359.97 240.241k
so EMA 36.1921 42.042 J 119.73 K N.m
Moment about a speci ed axis

Moment about speci ed axis ( MAB) = ( r x F ) .

AB
like AB

KIN
401205 10
Find the moment about OB
axis due to force F. 6m

MOB TX F OB
3m
8 am
but what is w̅ here

half in cE.int fY'he

no
wite wEYusbeefrfi.ms atc f mpfettgA
easy

so F 6K FxF 6 1 4401205110K 1201 240J N.nl

Then B1 3 4 01 53 31 45
10731 5
OB 0.6T 0.8

And Mop 1201 240J 0.6T 0.89

SO MOB 120 N.m
Moment of a couple in 3D

Determine the distance (d) b/w

a to b so that the resultant
moment has magnitude of 20
N.m

1Mt 20 N.m
SO MIT M'yJ MIK 20

MR Mitt MIJ MEK

To I
so Mx
MX 3511400530 30.314
My 1 501145in30 25 d
Mz 5011405301 43.34

MR Mitt MIJ MEK

20 130.31412 125412 43.3412

20 58.5 d so d 0.342 m 342 mm

Equivalent systems simpli cation , burrito force!

Find an equivalent force only

system and nd where that forces
line of actions interests line BE
measured from point B.

Fx 501 2000530 100

EFX 223.2 N Sys

Fy 200sin30 100 N

MB 3
12 8 1- force couple system
1189.23 N m
2- force only
t.jo fff
system II EFI FII FIII
EMI EMII MIII
step 1 Fx 0948
noon
find R and Tatbout
the pointof
interest
223.2N 4 draw New system then
move above items to
M 189.23
point of interest
system
if 5 slide the force until it
noo YI.IO fiff makes correct amount
moment M Fd
of

223.2
what's I
Y M Fd
1189.23 d 223.2 so 4 5.32m
Equivalent systems, further simpli cation

Replace the given loading with a

single equivalent force
1 - what is the magnitude and the
direction of the force?
2-where does it intersect line AB
measured from A?

EFX 200 N
EFY 3001 200 4001 900 N
EMA 600 2001131 400117 200 2
3200 N.m

system II system III

3200N.me
20 a a 200
then M Fd
Yoo Yoo 3200 of 900
19in ii so d 3.56m

and FR 921.95 N 77.47

tano 9
8
2D reaction at supports, example problem

Pin-connected Rockers Smooth collar

D m
i
Ag NA
I Roller NA if
Fo Fixed support
I
normalatt Maia sax
Na
Ay
Cantilevered
in ajMA

Fined the reactions at A and B

Ah
my
3
j
a A
3 3
B

Fx 0
Ax 200 0 Ax 200N Ax 200N α

EMA O f
1400111.5 1300113 1200113
By19 0 By 350N
Fy 0

Ay By 400 300 0 Ay 350N

3D reaction forces illustrated

a Z
Ex Ex i
ME

A Ay
Ay
Thy
MY
y
y

Ex z

A More than 6 actions is over

constrained :
00,9 We ignore reaction moments

Pillow block 1Z bolt

he

iii

Or we call it p
smooth journal
bearings
 System equilibrium, 2D reactions at the supports

Find the reactions at the

supports.
2kW

C
e siÉn YKN.mn

36.89 1

C
A A
TBC 200m

tan 36.86 Ay
2 force member:

1 9 51836.89110 Instead of
having Ax
and Ay
2 force members
generally can be
in tension, or
50 TBC 15.71 KN ay they will be in
compression.

cos.io The important

c sa o thing on 2-force
Ax 15.71 cos36.89 members is the
line of action.
so Ax 9.43 KN
a
This 2-force
members also
Fy O

Ay 2 TBCsin36.89 0 So 2 force
Ay 2 15.71sin36.89 members in
compression are
14.56 KN pushing on you,
so Ay in tension are
pulling on you.

Identify: a 2 force members has its pin

connected at both ends, and there are
no other forces or moments on it
Fixed support 2D reaction force problem

Radius of each pulley is 0.4 m,

nd the reaction at C.
C
Free body diagram

a fixedsupport
3 3
1.8
d 8255m

is an

so so Cx 5N

Fy 0
Cy 5 0 So Cy 5N

EMC O

Mc 5 2.21 5 6 0.4 0 So Mc 43 N.m

2D reactions at the supports with pulley

If the weight on the uniform bar is 500 N,

and the bar is 300 N , nd the tension in
the rope and the reaction at A.

so
40
2
I Yoon Yoo

we but the weight of the bar in the middle

EFX 0 so Ax 0
Let's take a moment www.fbbi A pal
IN I
EMA O
13001130cm 5001140cm T 40cm T 60 cm 0

SO T 290 N

Then Fy 0

Ay Tt T 300 500 0
Ay 212901 800
Ay 220 so Ay 220 N

6884444
It
1 1 s
Tipping problem, reactions in 2D

1- nd the weight on the front

and rear tire. There's a man
in the car
2- what is max weight of cruet
to be lifted

Lift + man = 9500 N

Box = 5000 N

an B

As 5000N Wmax
Yoon By

We think about wheels like it's a roller

I They want us to know what is Ay, By=??

y ay 6 5000113 0 so Ay 3833N
Fy 0

Ay 9500
By 5000 0 so By 10667N

2 The box is going to rotate about B so Ay will be 0

SO Ay 0

EMB O f
9500114 Wmax 3 0

so Wmax 12667 N
3D equilibrium of a rigid body, 6 equations

Find the force acting on

each of the three wheels
( A, B, C )

There is No force on x and y

Cz 500 800 300 0

Az BE Cz 1600

EM O
800 5 3001115 5001127 Az 351 0 so Az 628.57N
EMz 0
Cz 24 80011121 5001124 Az 121 0 so CZ 585.72N

50 Bz 385.71N

500N
800N

É
I V
net
V

Bz y
3D reaction force problem , rigid body equilibrium

Find the reaction at A, and nd the

tension in BC

We have smooth collar that slides over a square shaft

Me
400K
2005 1Agm
my Ay
0.28671 o.gs

0.429T

TBC TBCIBC

so BC 32 1.55 K m

BC 3 0.8571 0.429 I 0.286 K

TBC TBC 0.8571 0.429J 0.286 K

Fx 0 Ax 0.857T 0
Fy 0 Ay 0.429 T 200
Fz O 0.286 T 400 0 50 TBC 1398.6N

And Ax 1198.6N Ay 800 N Ay 800N

Mx 0
Mx 0.4291 1398.61111 0 so Mx 600 N M 600 N.MG

EM 9400113
0.286 1398.6 3 0.857 1398.6 1 0

so My 1198.6 N m 1198.6 N.MN

EMZ O
Mz 200113 0.4291 13986 3 0
so Mz 2400 N.m
Intro to centroids, where is the centre of Texas? 1

Introduction to centroids

Centroid : it can be the centre of weight, mass, area , volume, pressure

So it's a location, it has (x, y) Coordinate points

We call them : x- bar, y-ba r

I In 3D well also have z-bar
1

Impt: (we use with problems )

 Intro to centroids, where is the centre of Texas? 2

EXiAi E
Ai
Yi
It's mean how many elements do we have

y Yi Ai
Ai EY Now it's the centre of volume

We can nd:

g
wt

L
Intro, centroids by composite shapes, table method

Find (x,y) for the given

shapes.

2
A
I

0 from the origin

9 1511100 1211301 6.62
y AI 100 30

g 5 not yi.tt n
f f 2

Andtion 100 12 kiosks y

so
y 12

Az It In 4 10 6

y
A
2

The table method A 64 th mi'Ing's

A A x̅2
1 4 64 256
A IT4161
6 79 201 1 1365.2 Tyr
2
so x̅ 1,199 8.09m J
137.1 1109.2
Centroid using composite shapes, canter of area

Find: (x,y) for the given area

9 A A YA so 0.505 m
AA 838
i 0.35 0.3 0.147 0.126
J AA s3 0.269 m
2 01 1 0.2 0.18 0.162 0.036
4
3 0.7 0.3 0.02198 0.0942

0.5686 0.2870.153
Distributed loads using centroids

Introduction to distributed loads

446t'm

we apply F At the center

Intro to trusses, frames, and machines

Trusses:
1. Trusses made entirely of 2- force
members.
2. All members are pin connected.
3. Weight of the members
negligible.
4. Loaded only at the joints.
5. 2 methods for solving:
a) method of joints
Frames: b) method of sections
200N
A frame contains
i multiforce members

This chapter
is all the about
free body
Machines: diagram(FBD).

1. Has moving parts

2. Doesn't have any
reaction forces

So the machine problems q pair of

visa grip pliers , a pruning shears,
some bolt cutters, the plier,
tractor arms like buckets,
backhoes , front end loaders...
Trusses , method of joints 1

Find the force in each member of

the truss and state whether in
tension or compression.

We have 5 members : AB , BC, AD,

BD, CD.
3m im
8,5 are external forces

Step 1: nd global equilibrium.

5 (Find reactions at the
53.13 C supports )

2: select a joint (note:

Ay
don'tpick a joint with more
EMA O than 2 unknowns)
3: draw FBD of the joint
5114 8 3 Cy 4 0 4: solve
5: repeat
so Cy 11 KN

Fy O 11 8 Ay 0 Fx O 5 Ax 0 SO Ax 5KN
SO Ay 3 KN

Joint A:
IAD
The force it's pulling so forces
5KN A AB going away from a joint are
always tension.

IN
so
I
Trusses , method of joints 2

Joint B:
NBD

c BC É BD cos53.13 O
1kg BC 0.6BD 5

8KN Fy 0
BDsin53.13 8 0 so BD 10 N T

and BC 11 N T
Joint C:
CD
Epsin45 0 so CD 15.56KN C

BE 451

11kW
Tension members are
always pulling on the
joint and compression
members are always
pushing on the joint
 Trusses , the method of sections.

Find the force in members GH,

HE, DE. Also state whether
member is in tension or
compression.
How do I know to use method of
sections or of joints??
If they ask for very speci c members
so it method of sections
But if they ask about every member in ( This is called a How truss)
the truss so method of joints

Step 1: nd global equilibrium

2: cut through the
members of interest ( don’t
Ex cut through than 3
members)
Ag v Fy 3: draw FBD of the easiest
side
Fx O so Ax 0 4: solve

785 7116 4 4 91121 0

Always guess them all
in tension if we get a
so Fy 9.5 N negative for one then
so it's compression
Fy 0 Ay 10.5 N

Then
G ME O ICHG 2 9 5 21 0 so HG 9.5N
HGH
so HG 9.5N C fix FBD 21
DEC
Fy O 9.5 7 HEsin45 0 so HE 3.34N C
7Ñ 4.5N Fx O 9.5 3 3400545 DE 0

SO DE 11.86N T
Trusses, How to nd a zero force member method of joints. 1

Find the force in every member of

the truss and state whether in
tension or compression.

This is a symmetric truss (the left side

is the same as the right side)
Also, it's a symmetric load
We have both of those in our problem
so global equilibrium is super easy

Step 1: nd global equilibrium.

(Find reactions at the
supports )
2: look for zero force
members
0
1 3: select a joint (note:
don'tpick a joint with more
than 2 unknowns)
20kW 20kW 4: draw FBD of the joint
5: solve
This is symmetric so it's cut my work in
half (like whatever's going on in member
HG is going to be on in AL What's a zero force member?
HF , HE , LB , LC is zero force members
If we have t wo forces are on the
J same line of action and you have a
2m third force that has to be zero ex:
so 2m
µ
T T F0
YA B c a e a
fry
104N 28kW YOKN
20km 20kW 2 70 FO
Joint C:
EFy 0 so CK.IOKN T Something to
ack the left,
nothing to the
and IE 10KN T right so it's O
Something to
the down ,
It's has to be nothing to the
up so it's O
 Trusses, How to nd a zero force member method of joints. 2

Joint L:
LK AL and LK they've got to be equal.

O
AL So does AB and BC and CD
Joint A:
AL Fy O 200 ALSINUS O

12145 AB SO AL 28.3 KN C
200 KN Fx O AB ALCOS45 0

so AB 20 KN T

And BC 20 KN T LK 28.3 KN C
CD 20 KN T EF 20 KN T
GF 20 KN T DE 20 KN T
Joint k:
KJ Fx 0 28.300545 KJCOS45 KDCOS63.44 0
451941 4 Fy O 28.35in95 10 KD sin63.44 KJSin45 0

28.3 KD so KD 7.46 KN C
Yo
IT 23.57kW C ID 7.46 KN C

And GH 28.3 KN C HI 28.3 KN C

Joint j:

Fy O 2123.575in45 JD 0

2 23.57 so JD 33.32KN T
Trusses, method of sections , truss tipis and tricks

Find forces in members

BC, BE and FE.

Step 1 not recessare

β Be v
Step 1: nd global equilibrium
2: cut through the
BE members of interest ( don’t
cut through than 3
members)
MEO BCI 3 131131 0 3: draw FBD of the easiest
side
so BC 3KN T 4: solve

Fx 0 3 BE cos45 FEcos8.42 0
Fy O BEsin45 FEsin18.42 6 3 0

SO BE 8.49 KN T

and FE 9.49 KN C
Truss problem, the combo problem

Find forces in members

IJ,CJ,CB, and CI.

F At rst we use
method of
section then
iii iii on
method of
joints at C
Ax A K
y

ay
EMA O Ex 18 3000 18 10001 12 0

so Ex 2000N and Ax 2000 N

Fy O
Ay 3000 1000 0 so Ay 4000N

If Mt 0 2000116 4000114 CB 41 0
If CB 1000 N C
2000
K
Fx 0 2000 CGCOS56.3 0
4000
CG 3606 N T

Fy 0 4000 1000 CG sin56 37 IS 0

IT 6000 N C
Joint C:
CD EFX O CDCOS56.34 CIT 360600556.3 0
Fy O 1000 3606 sin 56.3 CD sin 56 3 0
C
s so CD 1165.4 N C

3 85 3606 01 1354 N C
10
Frame problem with 2 force members 1

Find the forces on bar BCD and

the backboard 11.5

as

9.4

it

Step 1: nal global equilibrium

(when possible)
2: take the frame apart
Fx 0 Hx 0 3: draw FBD of each part
Don't draw FBD of 2 force
Fy O Hy 200 150 0 so Hy 350N embers
4: solve
MH O MH 150 2.75 200 4.251 0

SO MH 1262.5 N.m

Then
FEE f D isapinconnection
12

I 2 D C 3
FABI is

200
Dx C
1262.5N.m
DY
FAB
Hy350

3 MD O FEE 0559.06 2 150 0.25 200 1.751 0

so FEF 376.8 N

3s n5a Yn
Frame problem with 2 force members 2
376.8 8610.833
159.0
7.33 Mc 0 376.8100559.06 2 FAB tan59
Cy
FABI a 1262.5 0
5.33
SO FAR 875N
1262.5N.m
Fx 0 376.8cos59.06 Cx 0
Hy350
50 Cx 193.7 N

Fy O 875 350 Cy 376.8sin59.06 0

SO Cy 1548 N
Introduction to internal forces, M N V

Find the internal force on

the beam 7m from A.
503 150N

ano

Ay By
Method of sections What's internal force??
There's 3 of them:
EMA O 0114.5 200 M:bending moment
1 4,495,1
N: normal force
V: shear force
so By 113.2N
Positive sign convention:
Fy O 100 150 By Ay 0 If we cut beams:
50 Ay 136.8 N
Cut the beam and take one side:
ÉE
100N Ñm
200N.m

if am m ca
n.z

Fy 0 136.8 100 150 V

EFX O so N O
V 113.2 N
Fy O so 113.2N
Fx O N O
EMC O
M 0 M 150 2.5
100115 136.8 17 0 M 2001 113.2 2.51 0

M 83N M 83 N m