Article B HADRI Et Al 2023

INT. J. BIOL. BIOTECH., 20 (1) : 37-46, 2023.
EFFECT OF PULSED ELECTRIC FIELD TREATMENT ON THE EXTRACTION OF

ESSENTIAL OIL FROM LAVENDER (LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA MILL.)
Abdelatif Mohamed Hadri1, Youcef Benmimoun1, Kaddour Miloudi1,2,*, Youcef Bouhadda3,

Souhir Tallal Elsayed1 and Abderrahmane Hamimed2
1
Laboratory of Science and Technology of Water, Mascara University, Algeria
2
Laboratory of Biological Systems and Geomatics Research, Mascara University, Algeria
3
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of macromolecules and Biological interfaces, Mascara University, Algeria
*
E-mail: miloudi.kaddour@univ-mascara.dz
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to analyze the effect of the pulsed electric field (PEF) on the increase of the extraction yield of
essential oil from Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.). PEF was applied to improve the permeabilization by
electroporating the biological membranes, and the extraction of essential oil was performed using the hydrodistillation
method. The influence of the voltage level, pulse number, and distillation process duration was studied. The results
revealed that the extraction process was significantly improved when the proposed method was used as the amount of
PEF-treated essential oil increased. In addition, PEF pretreatment causes a significant decrease in the distillation time.
Moreover, physicochemical analysis of the essential oil under stress conditions shows us more stability.
Keywords: Pulsed electric field; Extraction; Essential oil; Aromatic plants; Lavandula angustifolia.
INTRODUCTION
Essential oils (Eos) are considered valuable raw materials in various industries (Balandrin et al., 1985), such as
the cosmetic, soap, and fragrance industries which represent nearly 60% of the total demand for natural substances
(Shahi et al., 2009). These industries are characterized by a wide variety of products with relatively small quantities
and often high prices (Chauhan et al., 2009).
The name of the genus Lavandula comes from the Latin word "lavare", which means "to bathe" or "to wash", as
it was used to wash oneself by the ancient Arabs, Greeks, and Romans (Pokajewicz et al., 2022). Lavandula
angustifolia Mill. belongs to the family Lamiaceae. It is an herbaceous perennial plant widely distributed in
moderate and subtropical regions. Lavender is an indigenous plant to Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, the
Mediterranean basin and Russia (Wilson et al., 2021; Kiran Babu et al., 2016). It is commonly known as 'English
Lavender' or 'True Lavender'. Its essential oil (EO) is a very fragrant, refreshing, sweet and balsamic herbaceous
smell giving a clean feel and woody undertones (Kiran Babu et al., 2016). In agri-food manufacturing, lavender
essential oil is used to flavor pastries, ice creams, drinks, sweets and chewing gum (Smigielski et al., 2009).
In modern times, lavender is cultivated worldwide. The fragrant oils extracted from their flowers are used in
baking, tea, jellies, candles, detergents, perfumes, cosmetics, shampoo, soap, massage oils, powders as well as in
aromatherapy. The infusion of the aerial parts of Lavandula species is used as an appetite stimulant as well as in
traditional medicine for the cure of bronchitis, asthma, colds, colic and fatigue (Jianu et al., 2013). Lavandula
angustifolia oil is highly active against many species of viruses, fungi, and bacteria. The EO may be very indicated
to treat bacterial infections resistant to antibiotics (Smigielski et al., 2009).
EO can usually be extracted from the plant using different methods, such as vacuum distillation, steam
distillation, supercritical CO2 extraction and solvent extraction. The oil content composition may vary depending on
the place of origin, the harvest season and the environmental conditions. The method of obtaining the EO plays a
key role in determining the quality of the oil (Yajun et al., 2017).
For economic and environmental reasons, the agri-food and chemical industries are facing a challenge as they
have to use new technologies to reduce CO2 emissions and energy consumption (Bousbia et al., 2009). Several
unconventional methods have been investigated to improve the overall yield and selectivity of bioactive components
from plant material. We can mention the microwave heating (Kaufmann and Christen, 2002), ultrasound (Ghafoor et
al., 2011), pulsed electric field (PEF) (Toepfl et al., 2006), supercritical fluids (Marr and Gamse, 2000) and ohmic
heating (Lakkakula et al., 2004). Solvent extraction can improve the oil yield, but it is not easy to obtain solvent-free
products. The application of the supercritical CO2 extraction method is limited because of its high cost (Yajun et al.,
2017) .

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INT. J. BIOL. BIOTECH., 20 (1) : 37-46, 2023.

EFFECT OF PULSED ELECTRIC FIELD TREATMENT ON THE EXTRACTION OF

Abdelatif Mohamed Hadri1, Youcef Benmimoun1, Kaddour Miloudi1,2,*, Youcef Bouhadda3,

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