What Is Subnetting
What Is Subnetting
What Is Subnetting
In the following sections you will find out how all this is possible.
If we take all these addresses and divide them equally into 8 different
subnets we still keep the total number of original addresses, but we
have now split them into 8 subnets with 32 addresses in each. Each
new subnet needs to dedicate 2 addresses for the subnet and broadcast
address within the subnet.
It should be noted that in the past using subnet zero (00000---) and
all-ones subnet (11111---) was not allowed. This is not true
nowadays. Since Cisco IOS Software Release 12.0 the entire address
space including all possible subnets is explicitly allowed.
The Subnet address is identified by all 0 bits in the Host part of the
address. The first host within the subnet is identified by all 0s and a 1.
The last host is identified by all 1s and a 0. The broadcast address is
the all 1s. Now, we move to the next subnet and the process is
repeated the same way.
Hosts per subnet: 3 bits are left to identify the host therefore the total
number of hosts per subnet is 2 to the power of 3 minus 2 (1 address
for subnet address and another one for the broadcast address)(2^3-2)
which equals to 6 hosts per subnet.
Subnets, hosts and broadcast addresses per subnet: To find the valid
subnets for this specific subnet mask you have to subtract 248 from
the value 256 (256-248=8), which is the first available subnet address.
Actually the first available one is the subnet-zero which we explicitly
note. Next subnet address is 8+8=16, next one is 16+8=24 and this
goes on until we reach value 248.
The following table provides all the subnet cal information. Note that
our IP address (192.168.10.44) lies in subnet 192.168.10.40.