2019 PT Final

Pokhara University
Final Examination, Fall 2019
Level: MSc. Full Marks: 100

Program: Transportation Engineering and Management Pass Marks: 60
Course: TRP 713.3 Public Transportation Planning and Management Time: 4 hrs.
Year/Semester: II/I
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as possible. The figures in the
margin indicate Full Marks. Assume suitable data if necessary.
Attempt ALL Questions.

1) a) Elaborate public transportation infrastructure development in Nepalese context and explain the
areas for its improvements. [5]
b) There are four types of users in a city who commute regularly between the residential area and
work center. The mode choice utilities worked out for four types of modes: Automobile (A),
BRT, Buses (B) and Monorail (MR) with the utility function (U), cost (C) and travel time (T)
are presented in the table.
Function Cost (C) (Dollars) Travel Time (T) (Minutes)
U(A) = 3.2 – 0.3 C – 0.04 T 5 30
U(BRT) = 1 – 0.3 C – 0.04 T 3 25
U(B) = 0 – 0.1 C – 0.01 T 2.5 40
U(MR) = 1.5 – 0.3 C – 0.05 T 6 20
(i) Based on study that 10,000 commuters leave for work center each morning, how many
commuters will choose to take a particular mode?
(ii) If government subsidies BRT by 30%, Buses by 20% and Monorail by 10% and the same
time increases automobile cost by 15%, what will be the new modal distribution?
(iii) What happens to the modal split if time of auto is increased to 35 minutes due to forced
congestion? [10]
OR
Differentiate between vehicle scheduling and crew scheduling? How do you see its importance
in Nepalese context? Elaborate in detail with suitable examples. [2 + 3 + 5]
2) a) What is mass transit? How such systems are planned and what are the factors involved?
b) What are the factors that plays important role in the preparation of transport policy? How do
you see the Nepalese transport policy in term of public transportation development and
operation? [5 + 5]
3) a) Why is traffic forecasting important and elaborate the issues in forecasting public transportation
in Nepalese context? [5]
b) On a city street a bus route is scheduled for 5 minutes headways. On the average, 10 passengers
per bus board at a particular stop and 4 passengers alight. All boarding passengers use the front
door and alighting passengers use the back door. Time to open and close the doors is 3 seconds.
Assume clearance time is 15 seconds and the maximum allowable probability of bus queuing is
7.5%. The stop is a near-side at an intersection with a g/C ratio of 0.50. How many loading areas
are required? [10]
4) The trips produced and attracted of three traffic zones are as follows:
Zones 1 2 3 Total
Trips Produced 14 33 28 75
Trips Attracted 33 28 14 75
The travel time matrix in minutes amongst three traffic zones are presented in the table.
Travel Time Matrix (minutes) To Zone

From Zone 1 2 3
1 1 8 4
2 6 2 7
3 4 7 2
The impedance and corresponding frictional factors have been calibrated as follows.
Impedance (Travel time in minutes) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Frictional Factors 82 52 50 41 39 26 20 13
Distribute the trips between the traffic zones assuming socio-economic factor as 1. Perform only
two iterations. [15]
OR
What are the investment appraisal techniques? Describe the factors involved in investment
appraisal of transportation projects. Explain briefly the evaluation criteria for major investment
study in the transportation sector. [2 + 5 + 8]
5) a) What is multi criteria analysis? How could it be used for investment appraisal and on providing
subsidies issues? [1 + 4]
b) Indicate the appropriateness between mid-block, near-side and far-side bus stops. Describe the
bus service design elements and factors. [4 + 6]
6) Consider a bus route that connects a residential area to a central business district (CBD). The
distance between the area and the CBD is 8.3 km. The average speed of buses is 20 kmph between
the two terminal points. It is planned to provide bus service at every 15 minutes along the route.
i) Determine the time required to travel from one end of the route to the other.
ii) Determine the number of vehicles required in order to operate at the desired level of service.
iii) Determine the capacity of the route if capacity per vehicle is 75 passengers.
iv) Determine the number of vehicles if forecasted demand for this transit route is 400 passengers
per hour at the peak loading point. [15]
OR
Critically examine the possibilities of mass transportation systems in Kathmandu valley. Describe
the strategies and actions involve in Mass Transport System Management (MTSM) in the supply
side. [5 + 10]
7. Write short notes on: Any Two [5 x 2 = 10]
a) Characteristics, benefits and challenges of public transportation
b) Public transport issues in developing countries and challenges of public transport policies
c) Use of different models in traffic forecasting
d) Compare among Logit model, Probit model and Nested logit model

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Pokhara University

Final Examination, Fall 2019

Level: MSc. Full Marks: 100

Attempt ALL Questions.

Travel Time Matrix (minutes) To Zone

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