Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 566

Proceedings of the 5th Asian Education Symposium 2020 (AES 2020)

The Inventory of Medicinal Plants Used by

Kasepuhan Cibedug Banten as Encyclopedia-Based
Learning Material

Surti Kurniasih*, Dina Dyah Saputri, Ninawati Dewi

Study Program of Biology Education, FKIP
Pakuan University
Bogor, Indonesia
*surti_kurniasih@unpak.ac.id

Abstract—Medicinal plants are natural ingredients that have Banten. Residential areas located in the northeast include
been traditionally used for treatment based on experience. The Bogor Regency, in the northwestern is Lebak Regency, Banten,
aims of this study were to know the species and the parts of and in the south include Sukabumi Regency [4].
medicinal plants, as well as to understand how to obtain the
medicinal plants and the processing technique of the medicinal Kasepuhan Cibedug is indigenous community lives in the
plants. The methods used in this research were descriptive and Mount Halimun National Park area. Based on the results of
explorative methods. The data was collected by purposive and interviews, many members of Kasepuhan Cibedug Indigenous
snowball sampling with interview and direct observation. The community still use traditional medicine. Some types of
result showed that twenty-nine medicine plants from twenty diseases that are treated with traditional medicine include
families. The most dominant family of medicinal plants was diarrhea, fever, wounds, eye drops, itching, postpartum care,
Zingiberaceae, with four species. The most used part of all and others. The knowledge of plants used as medicine by the
medicinal plants were the leaf, only one plant which flower used Kasepuhan Cibedug community has not been recorded
as medicine. In general, processing technique of medicinal plants properly. It is necessary to have an inventory of medicinal
was boiling, seventeen medicinal plants with thetotal of percentage plants to increase knowledge, community welfare and as an
56.68 percent. However, other processing technique also been effort to preserve tradition. The results of the medicinal plants
used which were dropping, boiling, pounding, pressing, and inventory will be developed as a reference book in the form of
smoothing with percentage of each processing technique was 3.33
a pictorial encyclopedia. Reference books on medicinal plants
percent. The outcome of the medicinal plants inventory is an
in addition to increasing public knowledge, can also be used in
encyclopedia that can be used as learning resources. Based on an
expert validity results, it was concluded that the encyclopedia
education, namely as a source of independent learning for
developed is suitable and adequate to be used as learning students in Biodiversity material.
resources. Encyclopedia is a book containing information arranged
alphabetically. The advantages of the encyclopedia as a learning
Keywords—encyclopedia, inventory, learning material, resource include easy to understand and provide detailed
indigenous medicinal plants
explanations as well as provide explanations that will be
developed and have 3 general objectives, namely Source of
I. INTRODUCTION Answers to Fact Questions, means encyclopedia has a role to
Diversity is the wealth of living being in an area either in answers questions that require facts and fact data. Source of
the lowlands or in the ocean or other places. The level of Background Service, means encyclopedia as a source of
Indonesia's biodiversity is included in the high category in the information that contains topics and basic knowledge related to
world, therefore Indonesia belongs the category of mega a subject that is useful for further knowledge. Direction service,
biodiversity countries [1]. One of the diversity owned by is a service in directing further materials to the readers on the
Indonesia is medicinal plants or better known as herbal plants topics discussed, thus in this encyclopedia there are always
[2]. Arsyah explained that the utilization of natural ingredients, references to the material that has been presented [5].
both as medicine and for other purposes, tends to increase,
particularly with current issue of back to nature [3]. One of the II. METHODS
diversity that Indonesia has, namely medicinal plants, Gunung The instruments used in this study were stationery, digital
Halimun National Park (TNGH) is one of the mountains with cameras, recording devices, and reference books including:
various species of living being. Gunung Halimun National Park
Key to Plant Determination by Steenis 2013, Atlas of
(TNGH) is located in two provinces, namely West Java and

Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL.

This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 509
 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 566

Medicinal Plants by Dalimatra 2003, Cultivation of Medicinal initially small in number, then gets bigger. Determination of
Plants by G. Kartasapoetra 2006. While, the materials used the snowball sampling sample, first one or two people were
were all medicinal plant species used by the Kasepuhan selected but because the data provided by these two people was
Cibedug Indigenous community, inventory sheets and felt to be was insufficient and incomplete, the researchers
interview sheets. This research was conducted in the traditional looked for other people who were considered to have more
village of Kasepuhan Cibedug Village, Lebak Regency, knowledge and could complete the data provided by the two
Banten. The research design was exploratory research with people previously until the number increased and the data gets
descriptive data presentation. The data collection technique saturated. Sampling was carried out using the roaming method,
was carried out by surveying through interviews and direct the plants in the inventory were 20 types of plants.
observation in the site. Interviews were addressed to village
elders, traditional leaders, and community who had knowledge III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
about the traditional utilization of medicinal plants in the
research site, interviews were conducted using a questionnaire A. Results of the Medicinal Plants Inventory
guide regarding plant species used as medicine, parts of
medicinal plants used, processing technique and the function of Based on the results of research that has been carried out in
each plant. the Kasepuhan Cibedug Traditional Village, Lebak Banten
Regency, the utilization of medicinal plants in Kasepuhan
The techniques used in data collection were interviews, Cibedug Traditional Village is taught from generation to
observation, documentation, and identification. Data collection generation which need to be preserved as a very useful culture
was carried out by direct interviews using purposive sampling because it has proven its usefulness until present. The medicinal
and snowball sampling. The data collection technique was plants used by the Kasepuhan Cibedug Indigenous community
performed by using purposive sampling. Whereas snowball are 29 types of plants with 20 families which are presented in
sampling is a technique of determining the sample which is table 1.

TABLE I. RESULTS OF THE MEDICINAL PLANTS INVENTORY OF KASEPUHAN CIBEDUG INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY
No Family Name Scientific Name Local Name Treatment Used Part Plant Quantity
1 Apiaceae Cantela asiatica Antanan Stop bleeding Leaf 6
2 Arecaceae Blumea balsamifera Capeu Appetite enhancer Leaf 4
Ageratum Jukut bau External wounds Leaf 18
conyzoides
3 Campanulaceae Isotoma longiflora Kikorejat Sore eyes Flower 14
4 Caricaceae Carica papaya Papaya Digestion Fruit 6
5 Compositae Mikunia cordata Caputuher Wounds, Leaf, stem, 4
and root
stomachache
6 Euphorbiaceae Sauropus Katuk Oral thrush and Leaf 5
androgynus heartburn
7 Fabaceae Erythrina Dadap Fever and stomach Leaf & bark 3
lithosperma ache
Cassia alata Kateneng Itching and skin Leaf 3
disease
8 Lamiaceae Coleus Jawer kotok Stop bleeding and Leaf 10
scutellariorides itching
Orthosiphon Kumis kucing Cold Leaf 8
stamineus
9 Melastomataceae Melastoma Harendong Fever and stop Leaf, root, and 6
polyantum bleeding fruit
10 Meliaceae Swietenia mahagoni mahoni Diabets Bark 2
11 Myrtaceae Psidium guajava Jambu batu Diarrhea fruit 20
12 Oxalidaceae Syzygium Salam High blood pressure Leaf 2
polyanthum
Averrhoa Belimbing High blood pressure Fruit 4
carambola
13 Palmae Arenga pinnata Kawung Constipation and Root 1
kidney stones
14 Piperaceae Piper betle Seureuh Eye iritation Leaf 3
15 Poaceae Imperata Eurih Heartburn Root 12
cylindrical
Cymbopogon Seurai Cold Leaf and stem 6
citratus
16 Rubiaceae Morinda citrifolia Cangkudu High blood pressure Fruit 4
Gardenia augusta Kaca piring Fever and diabets Leaf 3
17 Rutaceae Citrua aurantiifolia Jeruk nipis Cough Fruit 3

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Table 1. Cont.
18 Solanaceae Physalis minima Cecenet Fever and intestinal Root 2
worms
19 Verbenaceae Lantana camara Ceunte Fever and stop Leaf and root 8
bleeding
20 Zingiberaceae Zingiber officinale Jahe Fever and cold Rhizome 4
Curcuma domestika Kunyit Ulcer Rhizome 6
Alpinia purpurata Laja gowah Ringworm Rhizome 4
Zingiber zerumbet Lampuyang Diarrhea Rhizome 2

Kasepuhan Cibedug Traditional Village is one of the purpose of boiling medicinal plants is to transfer nutritious
traditional villages belonging to West Citorek Village which is substances in plants into a water solution, then drink them for
located in the Halimun Lebak Mountain Area - Banten. Based medicinal needs [8]. Meanwhile, the least processed is without
on the results of previous observations, it is known that the being mixed or eaten directly as many as 6 types of plants with
majority of Cibedug's indigenous community still maintain the a percentage of 20%. Medicinal plants that are consumed
tradition of using medicinal plants in traditional medicine. directly have better efficacy than the one had been processed
Kasepuhan Cibedug Indigenous Community use medicinal first such as boiling. Due to the content of drugs consumed
plants as traditional medicines from generation to generation directly can be obtained better than the utilization by
from their ancestors or previous parents. Parts of medicinal processing methods such as drinking boiled medicinal plant
plants used by the Kasepuhan Cibedug Indigenous Community water.
are 5 types of fruit, 1 type of stem, 1 type of root, 2 types of
Based on the inventory results, there are 29 types of
seeds, 4 types of rhizome, 1 type of bark. The part of plant
most widely used by the Kasepuhan Cibedug Indigenous medicinal plants from 20 families used by the Kasepuhan
Cibedug Lebak, Banten. The type of plant that is most widely
Community is the leaf. Leaf is most widely used part of the
used as medicine in Kasepuhan Cibedug Traditional Village is
plant with total of 14 types of plants. Kasepuhan Cibedug
indigenous community utilizes the leaves for medicine because turmeric (Curcuma longa), because it is easy to cultivate and
has properties in curing various diseases. According to Pranata
it is easy to obtain and easy to mix. According to Jalius and
Muswita [6], the leaf organ is easier to use since we can easily [9] turmeric has an active compound, namely curcumin and has
biological activities such as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory
extract the essence of the plant. In the leaf organs, there are
and antineoplastic. Turmeric can also be used by the
also more types of chemical compounds that have medicinal
properties, such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols and community as a cooking spice, spices, food ingredients,
preservatives, dyes, cosmetics and raw materials for paints and
alkaloids. With this chemical contents, leaves have quite a lot
of medicinal potential [7]. The utilization of leaf as part of turmeric also has a very big role in the health sector, which can
be used as herbs and herbal medicine [10].
treatment, beside not destroying medicinal plant species, it is
easiest part of plant to obtain, easy to process and easy to mix
compared to other parts and is the part that contains medicinal B. Producing Encyclopedia Teaching Materials
substances due the food-making process occurs here. Based on the research results conducted on the Medicinal
Meanwhile, the least used plant organ is flower because Plants Inventory in Kesepuhan Cibedug Traditional Village, it
according to the community, only 1 medicinal plant which was then developed into a biology reference book for High
flower is used for medicine. School class X in the form of encyclopedia. The results of the
medicinal plants inventory can increase knowledge of students
Residents of Kasepuhan Cibedug traditional village mostly in the teaching and learning process in schools. Students can be
process medicinal plants by mixing, namely dropping, boiling, taught to take advantage of medicinal plants around them. In
pounding, mashing and pasting as many as 23 types of plants addition, students can expand their knowledge about medicinal
with a percentage of 80%. Processing of medicinal plants that plants to help people who still has insufficient knowledge on
is often used by Kasepuhan Cibedug indigenous community is this matter. Producing an encyclopedia in print media with a
boiling, because this type of processing can reduce bland and size (21 x 29 cm). Producing stodyboard produces a list of
bitter taste compared to being eaten directly and it is more components contained in based on local potential encyclopedia
sterile because can kill germs or pathogenic bacteria. The is shown in Table 2.

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TABLE II. PRODUCING STODYBOARD PRODUCES LIST OF COMPONENTS IN BASED ON LOCAL POTENTIAL ENCYCLOPEDIA
No Encyclopedia Components Sub Components Description
1 Front cover Name of media Based on Local Potential Encyclopedia
Title Kasepuhan Indigenous Community Medicinal
Plants
Name of writer Surti Kurniasih, Dina Dyah Saputri, Ninawati Dewi
2 Contents Editorial Foreword
Table of contents
Illustration (an image that represents the material)
Make up sentences that represent the material
Material Core competencies (KI) and Basic Competences (KD)
Reference Reference
3 Back cover Biography Biography

learning more interesting, effective, and the knowledge

C. Encyclopedia Validation obtained is remembered longer [11].
The book that has been compiled was then subject to expert
validation to measure the suitability of the book content, the Encyclopedia, apart from being superior in terms of visual
completeness of the components, language usage and the visual presentation that can foster motivation to learn, can also
presentation of the encyclopedia. Book validation was carried facilitate students' understanding of biology concept,
out by 2 experts covering the content, language usage, and the particularly the concept of Biodiversity. Biodiversity material
media presented. Validation was carried out to determine the is one of the materials that has many examples of species that
feasibility of the encyclopedia using the validation result must be distinguished based on plant diversity that can be used
instrument. The validation results are presented in Table 3. as medicine, classification, description, which requires a clear,
real, and interesting visualization of objects. This can be
accommodated by based on local potential encyclopedia media,
TABLE III. RESULTS OF EXPERT VALIDATION ON THE DEVELOPED because this media can display pictures of local plants often
ENCYCLOPEDIA
encountered by students in the surrounding environment and
No Aspect P (100%) Average Criteria juxtaposed with materials that support the existence of these
V1 V2 objects. Although it had numerous strength, there were also
1 Suitability of book 80,55% 88.89% 84.89% Valid several things need to be improved regarding the validity of the
content
2 Visual presentation 84,61% 90.38% 82.50% Valid
encyclopedia. Things need to be improved included errors in
3 Language usage 75% 95.83% 85.42% Valid writing material and writing scientific terms, the pictures used
Average 84,27 % must be clear. The flaws of this encyclopedia were then
Category Valid corrected, thus the product validity criteria could be met and
the product was declared valid, which meant that the
As can be seen in Table 3, it is known that the validation of encyclopedia was of good quality and all the components
the encyclopedia on the aspects of the suitability include the contained in it were suitable for use in the learning process.
book content, visual presentation and language usage scores
above 80 and is included in the valid category with few In terms of visual presentation, this media had several
revisions. The book content suitability shows that in terms of strengths in terms of aesthetic. This is reflected in the design of
material, the book is suitable to be used to increase students' the front cover, the content containing local pictures that are
knowledge about biodiversity topic. The visual presentation easy for students to find in their surroundings, and arranged
aspect of book is to determine the attractiveness of the systematically with a more attractive design. Yogiyatno and
encyclopedia since it can foster student motivation to read it. Sofyan [12], the practical aspect of a learning media, mainly
The language usage aspect is carried out to determine the ease belonging to a media group, is closely related to the design of
of students to understand the material contained in the book. the learning media. A learning resource design while learning
The valid category achieved by encyclopedia teaching will work effectively and increase the curiosity of students if
materials based on local potential can be due to this media has the display of learning resources looks attractive or visual
strength point in terms of appearance, namely layout and aesthetic, clear and systematic. Another advantage of an
design. The encyclopedia looks interesting because it is packed encyclopedia is that learning media in the form of an
in a more modern way with a background and pictures of local encyclopedia can improve student learning outcomes [13].
potential medicinal plants of Kasepuhan Cibedug Indigenous Encyclopedias can improve students' understanding of
community, the use of color variations is not monotonous. This material, find facts about abstract material and make it easier
kind of display can provide visual stimulation, can attract for students to remember long-term material so that learning
students' interest in learning, and can help streamline the outcomes can increase [14].
learning process. Cimer stated that the use of biology learning
media is able to display objects visually can make biology

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IV. CONCLUSION organisasi/16/selayang-pandang-dinas- kehutanan-dan-perkebunan-

provinsi-banten.html.
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