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Chapter 1 Introduction

This document provides an introduction to an advanced ceramic materials course. It outlines that the course will focus on ceramic composites, laminates, and gradient materials beyond traditional oxide ceramics. The course aims to illustrate how multiple phase technical ceramics and cermets can fulfill demanding applications. It lists the chapter topics and notes that examinations will focus on practical applications rather than details.

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amanai.gupta98
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views

Chapter 1 Introduction

This document provides an introduction to an advanced ceramic materials course. It outlines that the course will focus on ceramic composites, laminates, and gradient materials beyond traditional oxide ceramics. The course aims to illustrate how multiple phase technical ceramics and cermets can fulfill demanding applications. It lists the chapter topics and notes that examinations will focus on practical applications rather than details.

Uploaded by

amanai.gupta98
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Advanced Ceramic Materials

H0S56A

Chapter 1
Introduction

Department of Materials Engineering


(MTM), KU Leuven,
2022

Prof. Jef Vleugels


Advanced ceramic materials

• About 11 lectures of 2 hours

• Textbook chapters available at “cursusdienst” VTK

• Powerpoint slides available on Toledo

• Examination:

▪ Written exam of maximum 3 hours


▪ Closed book
▪ List of equations (to bring along) is provided on Toledo
▪ “think practical - no details” – “how, what and why”

2
Advanced ceramics

Aim of this course


Advanced ceramic materials are specifically designed and processed to fulfil
demanding and challenging applications for which no materials are yet
available. These ceramics are usually combining multiple functionalities that
can not be realized by a homogeneous monolithic ceramic.

The course on advanced ceramic materials focuses on:


• Concepts of ceramic composites, laminates and gradient materials
• Broadening the knowledge on oxide ceramics towards that of the fastly
expanding family of carbides, nitrides and borides.
• Specific case studies will be investigated to illustrate the potential of
multiple phase technical ceramics as well as cermets.

“Beyond monoliths & Ashby diagram information”


3
Advanced ceramics

Chapters

1: Introduction
2: Particulate composites
3: Layered ceramics
4: Functionally graded ceramics
5: Fibre reinforced ceramics
6: Silicon nitride and sialon ceramics
7: Zirconia and zirconia based ceramics
8: Cemented carbides and cermets

4
Advanced ceramics
According to VAMAS, the ASTM Committee C-28 and USACA (United
States Advanced Ceramics Association) “Advanced ceramics ” or “fine
ceramics” (used in Japan) refers to ceramic materials that are:

• Highly specialized by exploiting unique electric, magnetic, optical, mechanical,


biological, and environmental properties;
• Performing well under extreme conditions such as high temperature, high
pressure, high stress, high radiation, and high corrosive exposure;
• Predominantly inorganic - nonmetallic;
• Relatively expensive, with properties and failure mechanisms not yet fully
understood (not incorporated in Ashby maps yet!);
• Capable of solving current manufacturing and use problems;
• High value-added products owing to their sophisticated processing technology;
• Not presently profitable in terms of return of investment, but which offer great
promise for the future; and
• Positioned at the beginning of the development cycle and not yet widely used
with respect to their potential.
5
AdvancedCompisites
ceramics of ceramics
and metals
Multifunctional ceramics and cermets to be applied under
extreme operational conditions

• Structural requirements are only a


baseline
• Materials should have simultaneously
other functions
• Amongst the additional functions are:
thermal, electrical, biological, optical,
photocatalytic, thermo-electric, self-
healing, oxidation resistant, etc.
• Multi-functionality will be realised by
composite development
• If irreconcilable properties are to be
combined: gradient materials?

6
Multifunctional ceramics
Trend from monoliths to composites to realise the required functions
2009

2015

• Particle composites
• Fibre reinforced composites
2023
• Laminates Ceramic matrix composites
• Gradient materials Monolithic ceramics
Ceramic coatings
Others
Technical Ceramics Market Research 7
Report- Forecast to 2023
Advanced ceramics
Structural advanced ceramics are used for applications where a component of
an engineering system is subjected to high mechanical, tribological, thermal, or
study of interfacial forces: friction,
chemical loads. lubrication and wear
• Typical structural ceramics are Al2O3, partially and fully stabilized ZrO2,
cordierite, mullite, spinel, Si3N4 and SiAlONs, SiC, BN, TiN, and TiB2.

Property diagrams

8
Advanced ceramics
Performance - application diagram with required property
profile of an envisaged material for a certain application

Matching the stress profile of a drilling mud pump (chain line) and the wear
property profile of corrosion-resistant austenitic Cr-Ni steel (solid line)
9
Advanced ceramics
Functional advanced ceramics: These, in contrast to structural ceramics,
utilize microstructural effects localized within the volume, at grain boundaries
or at the surfaces of conducting or non-conducting ceramics.
• Such effects encompass semiconducting, varistor, piezoelectric,
pyroelectric, ferroelectric and superconducting properties.
• Novel ceramic technologies for the automotive industry include oxygen
sensors, exhaust gas catalysts and fuel cells, as well as future ceramic gas
turbines and adiabatic turbo-compound diesel engines, batteries,
supercapacitors, etc.

Bioceramics: Bioceramic materials are regarded as advanced ceramics,


• Alumina and zirconia exploit exceptional structural stability in a highly
corrosive body environment and hence biological inertness,
• Hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate and bioactive glass provide functional
osseoconductive and osseoinductive properties.

10
Advanced ceramics

The interaction and


synergies of the advanced
ceramics “ tree ”

The Japanese point of view

11
Advanced ceramics

Some development trends (usually application driven)

Monodisperse submicrometer ceramic powders allow to:


• Improve the microstructural homogeneity with tightly controlled characteristics
• Colloidally process green ceramic components with high packing density
• Improve the sinterability (reduce the sintering temperatures, eliminate sintering
additives)
• Nanofunctionalisation of nanopowders, fibers, whiskers, etc,

Application of ceramic nanopowders allowing to:


• Sinter at lower temperatures
• Sinter faster
• Prepare dedicated inks, polishing media, smooth surfaces, etc

12
Roadmaps Advanced ceramics
Hochleistungskeramik 2025: Strategieinitiative für die Keramikforschung in Deutschland (2008)
Development of a roadmap for advanced ceramics: 2010-2025 (J. Eur. Cer. Soc. 29 (2009) 1549-1560)

Electronics, information and communication Energy and environment 13


Advanced ceramics

Mechanical engineering Structural and functional properties 14


Advanced ceramics

4 major research topics which


should be addressed in the future to
secure a sustainable development and
growth of the advanced ceramics
markets:

• Novel ceramics with enhanced and


new properties,
• High-performance key components
for system application,
• Highly efficient processing
technology,
• Holistic modelling and simulation
techniques.

Process technology, techniques marked * are


already established but require further 15
fundamental considerations
Advanced ceramic ingredients

Life-size periodic table – Departement Materiaalkunde (kuleuven.be)


16

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