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CLASSIFICATION OF NUMBERS /la[;kvksa dk oxhZdj.k

(CLASSROOM SHEET)
Classification of Numbers (la[;kvksa dk oxhZadj.k)
Number
la[;k

Real Numbers Imaginary Numbers

okLrfod la[;k dkYifud la[;k

r
Complex Numbers

si
Rational Number Irrational Numbers
ifjes; la[;k vifjes; la[;k lfeJ la[;k
an by
Integers Fractions (Decimals)

n
iw.kkZad fHkUu
(n'keyo)
ja
R s
Positive Integers Zero Negative Integers
a th

/ukRed iw.kkZad 'kwU; udkjkRediw.kkZad

ty a

Non-Negative Non-Positive
xSjudkjkRed xSj/ukRed
di M

Whole Numbers Natural Numbers

iw.kZ
la[;k izkÑfrdla[;k

Prime Number Unity Composite Numbers

vHkkT;la[;k ,dkad HkkT;la[;k
Ex. –3, –5
 Real Number/okLrfod la[;k
Note: (–1)  i , i² = – 1, i³ = –i, i4 = 1
All those numbers which can be represented on
A

number line are called as Real Numbers  Rational Numbers/ifjes; la[;k&

(os lHkh la[;k,¡ tks la[;k js•k ij çLrqr dh tk ldsa] okLrfod
p
la[;k,¡ dgykrh gSaA) All those numbers which can be expressed in
q
form, where p & q both are integers & q  0 are
– –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Ex: 0, 1, –1, 16.83, –22.87, 2, all are Real Numbers rational numbers.

 Imaginary Numbers./dkYifud la[;k, p

(lHkh la[;k,¡ tksq ds :i esa fy•h tk ldsa] tgk¡ p vkSjq
Cannot be denoted on number line.
la[;k js[kk ij fu:fir ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA nksuksa iw.kkZadq gSa
 0 vkSj
ifjes; la[;k,¡ gSaA)

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2 4 –8 0 22 1. The largest 3-digit prime number is:

Ex: , , , , , 2 & 0.2 all are Rational Numbers.
3 7 7 5 7 3 vadksa dh lcls cM+h vHkkT; la[;k gS%
 Irrational Numbers/vifjes; la[;k,¡ & DP CONSTABLE 22/11/2023 (Shift- 03)
(a) 983 (b) 991
p
Those numbers which can't be expressed in (c) 987 (d) 997
q
form are called as Irrational Numbers. 2. The sum of the smallest three-digit prime
p number and the largest three-digit prime
(os lHkh la[;k,¡ tksq ds :i esa u fy•h tk ldsa] vifjes; number is:
la[;k,¡ dgykrh gSaA) lcls NksVs rhu&vadh; vHkkT; la[;k vkSj lcls cM+s rhu
Ex: 2, 3, 5 &  are called as Irrational Numbers. vadksa dh la[;k dk ;ksx gS%
DP CONSTABLE 03/12/2023 (Shift- 01)
 Integers (iw.kkZad)
(a) 1104 (b) 1098
Integers are a collection of all positive & negative
(c) 1100 (d) 1093
natural numbers & zero.

r
Note: Each prime number can be written in (6p ± 1)
(çkÑfrd la[;kvksa ds /ukRed vkSj Í.kkRed la[;kvksa
form, But every (6p ± 1) form may not be

si
vkSj 'kwU; ds lewg dks iw.kkZad dgrs gSaA) necessarily prime no.
i.e., – , ....... – 5, – 4, ....... –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...... 
an by izR;sd vHkkT; la[;k dks
(6p ± 1) :i esa fy[kk tk ldrk gS]
 Natural Numbers (Positive Integers) ysfdu gj (6p ± 1) :i vko';d :i ls vHkkT; la[;k ugha
gks ldrk gSA

n
(izkÑfrd la[;k,a)
Counting Numbers are called as natural Ex. 13  6 × 2 + 1 (prime)
numbers ja 25  6 × 4 + 1 (not a prime number)
R s
(fxuus ;ksX; la[;k,a izkÑfrd la[;k,a dgykrh gSa)
a th

Ex: 1, 2, 3, ........... Between Nu mber of prime no.

1-50 15
 Whole Numbers (Non-Negative Integers)
1-100 25
(laiw.kZ iw.kkZad)
ty a

1-200 46
If we add zero (0) to the collection of Natural 1-500 95
Numbers then that collection is called as
di M

1-1000 168
Whole Numbers.
(;fn ge lHkh izkÑfrd la[;kvksa ds lewg esa 'kwU; tksM+
3. nsa
If m is the number of prime numbers between 0 and
rks og lewg lEiw.kZ la[;k dgykrk gSaA) 50; and n is the number of prime numbers between
Ex: 0, 1, 2, ............. 50 and 100, then what is (m – n) equal to ?
;fn 0 vkSj 50 ds chp vHkkT; la[;kvksa dh la[;k
m gS_
 Prime numbers/vHkkT; la[;k,a
vkSj 50 vkSj 100 ds chp vHkkT; la[;kvksa dh la[;k
n
It has only two factor- 1 & itself.
gS] rks
(m – n) fdlds cjkcj gS\
buds dsoy nks xq.ku•aM gksrs gSa& 1 vkSj Lo;aA
Prime number between 1 to 100 [CDS 2020 (I)]

1 ls 100 ds chp dh vHkkT; la[;k,a (a) 4

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, (b) 5
A

47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97 (c) 6
Even and smallest prime no/le vkSj lcls NksVh (d) 7
vHkkT; la[;k 4. How many prime numbers are there between 40
Smallest 3 digit prime number/lcls NksVh 3 vadksa and 50?
dh vHkkT; la[;k 101 40 vkSj 50 ds chp fdruh vHkkT; la[;k,¡ gSa\
largest 3 digit prime number/lcls cM+h 3 vadksa dh SSC GD 10/01/2023 (Shift-01)
vHkkT; la[;k 997 (a) 4 (b) 5
Only pair of consecutive odd prime no/ yxkrkj fo"ke
(c) 3 (d) 2
vHkkT; la[;k dk dsoy ;qXe  3, 5, 7

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 How to check the given number is prime rhu la[;k,¡ tks ,d&nwljs dh lg&vHkkT; gSa] ,slh gSa fd
igys nks dk xq.kuiQy 391 gS vkSj vafre nks dk xq.kuiQy
or not?
943 gSA eè; la[;k Kkr dhft,A
fdlh la[;k ds vHkkT; gksus dh tkap dSls djsaA
DP CONSTABLE 16/11/2023 (Shift- 01)
To check whether a number is prime number or
not, first take the square root of the number. (a) 19 (b) 41
Round of the square root to the immediately (c) 17 (d) 23
lower integer. Then check divisibility of number
by all prime below it. If number is not divisible 9. Let a and b be two numbers such that a and
by any prime number then number is prime b – a are co-primes and b and b + a are co-primes,
number. respectively. Which of the followings is true?
dksbZ la[;k vHkkT; gS ;k ugha] ;g Kkr djus ds fy,] lcls eku yhft, a vkSj b nks la[;k,¡ gSa tSls fd a vkSj
b – a lg&vHkkT;
igys la[;k dk oxZ ewYk ysa] oxZ ewy dks mlls NksVs iw.kkZad ds gSa vkSj
b vkSjb + a Øe'k% lg&vHkkT;
:i esa fy[k ysaA mlds ckn la[;k dh foHkkT;rk dh tkap mlls gSaA fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk lR; gS\
NksVh lHkh vHkkT; la[;kvksa }kjk djsaA ;fn fdlh Hkh vHkkT; DP CONSTABLE 16/11/2023 (Shift- 03)
la[;k ls foHkkT; ugha gksrh rks ;g vHkkT; la[;k gSA

r
(a) b is prime
Ex. 137 is prime number or not?
(b) a and b are co-prime

si
137 vHkkT; la[;k gS ;k ugha\
(c) a is prime
137  11  prime number less than or equal
an by (d) a and b are not co-prime
to 11 are 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11, 137 is not divisible
10. The sum of 3 prime numbers is 100. One
by any of there. Hence it is prime numbers.

n
number is greater than another number by 36.
11 ls NksVh ;k cjkcj vHkkT; la[;k,a
2, 3, 5, 7 rFkk11 gS] Find the largest number.
137 bueas ls fdlh ds Hkh }kjk foHkkT; ugha gS blfy, ;g ,d
ja fdUgha rhu vHkkT; la[;kvksa dk ;ksx 100 gSA ;fn ,d
R s
vHkkT; la[;k gSA
la[;k nwljh la[;k ls 36 vf/d gS rks rks lcls cM+h la[;k
a th

5. Consider the following numbers:

Kkr dhft,A
fuEufyf[kr la[;kvksa ij fopkj dhft,%
(a) 61 (b) 67
I. 437 II. 797 III. 1073
(c) 59 (d) 71
ty a

How many of the above numbers are prime?

11. x, y and z are distinct prime numbers where
mi;qZDr la[;kvksa esa ls fdruh la[;k,¡ vHkkT; gSa\ x < y < z. If x + y + z = 70, then what is the value of z?
di M

[CDS 2023 (I)] x, y rFkk z fof'k"V vHkkT; la[;k,a gSa] xtgk¡

< y < z gSA
(a) Only one (b) Only two ;fn x + y + z = 70 gS] rksz dk eku D;k gS\
(c) All three (d) None SSC CGL MAINS (08/08/2022)
6. Which of the following numbers is NOT a prime (a) 31 (b) 29
number? (c) 43 (d) 37
fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lh la[;k vHkkT; la[;k ugha
\ gS 12. x, y and z are prime numbers such that x + y + z = 38.
DP CONSTABLE 20/11/2023 (Shift- 02) What is the maximum value of x?
(a) 1271 (b) 1171 x, y vkSjz vHkkT; la[;k,a bl rjg gSa fdx + y + z = 38]
(c) 1471 (d) 1571 rksx dk vf/dre eku D;k gS\
7. If (k2 + 3) and (k3 + 5) are prime numbers then
(a) 19 (b) 23
what will be the value of k?
A

(c) 31 (d) 29
;fn (k2 + 3) vkSj(k3 + 5) vHkkT; la[;k,¡ gSa krks
dk
eku D;k gksxk\ 13. Four Prime numbers are taken in ascending
order. The product of first three is 385 and of
DP CONSTABLE 14/11/2023 (Shift- 02)
last three is 1001. Find the smallest prime no.
(a) 2 (b) 4
pkj vHkkT; la[;k,a c<+rs Øe esa yh xbZ gSA buesa ls çF
(c) 7 (d) 3
rhu dk xq.kuiQy 385 rFkk vfUre rhu dk xq.kuiQy 1001
8. Three numbers which are co-prime to each
other are such that the product of the first two gSaA buesa ls çFke vHkkT; la[;k dkSu& lh gS\
is 391 and that of the last two is 943. Find (a) 5 (b) 7
the middle number. (c) 11 (d) 17

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 Co-prime numbers/lg&vHkkT; (a) 2

(c) 1
(b) 3
(d) 4
If the HCF of two numbers is 1. 19. Three numbers which are coprime to one
;fn nks la[;kvksa dk e-l-i- 1 gSA another are such that the product of the first
Ex. (2, 3), (11, 13), (16, 9), (25, 19) etc. two is 551 and that of the last two is 1073. The
sum of the three numbers is?
 Twin-prime numbers/;qXe vHkkT; la[;k,a
rhu la[;k,a tks fd ,d nwljs ds fy, lgvHkkT; la[;k,a
When two consecutive prime numbers are with
gSA igyh nks la[;kvksa dk xq.kuiQy 551 rFkk vafre n
an interval of 2, then they are called twin
prime numbers. la[;kvksa dk xq.kuiQy 1073 gS] rks rhuksa la[;kvksa dk
tc nks yxkrkj vHkkT; la[;k 2 ds varjky ds lkFk gks rks mls Kkr djsA
;qXe vaHkkT; la[;k dgrs gSaA (a) 75 (b) 81
Ex. (3, 5)(5, 7)(11, 13) (c) 85 (d) 89
14. Which of the given pairs form a co-prime
numbers pair?
 Composite Numbers/la;qDr ;k HkkT; la[;k
It has more than two factors.
fn, x, ;qXeksa esa ls dkSu&lk ,d lg&vHkkT; la[;k ;qXe

r
buds nks ls vf/d xq.ku[akM gksrs gSaA
cukrk gS\
Ex. 4, 6, 8, 9,10,12,14,15 etc.

si
SSC GD 12/01/2023 (Shift-01)
Smallest composite no. (lcls NksVh HkkT; la[;k
)4
(a) (21, 42) (b) (9, 63)
(c) (36, 15)
an by (d) (11, 21)
15. Which of the following is a pair of co-primes?
Smallest odd composite no. (lcls NksVh fo"ke HkkT;)la[;k
9

n
fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk lg&vHkkT; ;qXe gS\ Note:
(i) 1 is neither prime nor composite number.
ja
DP CONSTABLE 14/11/2023 (Shift- 01)
1 u rks vHkkT; vkSj u gh HkkT; la[;k gSA
R s
(a) (198, 175) (b) (7, 35)
(ii) If a and b are any two odd primes then a2 + b2
(c) (217, 651) (d) (32, 62)
a th

and a2 – b2 is composite numbers.

16. Which of the following pairs of numbers are
relatively prime to each other? ;fn a rFkkb nks fo"ke vHkkT; la[;k,a gSa
a2 +rks
b2 rFkka2
– b2 HkkT; la[;k,a gksxhaA
fuEufyf•r esa ls la[;kvksa dk dkSu lk ;qXe ,d nwljs ls
ty a

vis{kkÑr vHkkT; gS\  Perfect Numbers/lEiw.kZ la[;k

DP CONSTABLE 23/11/2023 (Shift- 01) If the sum of all the factors of a number (except
di M

(a) (103, 113) (b) (51, 119) that number) is equal to the given number, then
(c) (27, 51) (d) (98, 567) that number is called a perfect number.
17. Which type of numbers are NOT co-prime? ;fn la[;k ds lHkh xq.ku•aMks dk ;ksx(ml la[;k dks NksM+dj
fdl çdkj dh la[;k,¡ lg&vHkkT; ugha gSa\ ] nh xbZ la[;k ds cjkcj gks] rks ml la[;k dks lEiw.kZ la[;k
SSC GD 31/01/2023 (Shift-03) dgrs gSaA
(a) Any two prime numbers
Ex. 6, 28, 496, 8128 etc.
dksbZ nks vHkkT; la[;k,¡
(b) Any two consecutive odd numbers Factor of 28  1, 2, 4, 7, 14
dksbZ Hkh nks yxkrkj fo"ke la[;k,¡  1 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 14 = 28
(c) Any two consecutive numbers Thus, 28 is a perfect no.
dksbZ Hkh nks yxkrkj la[;k,¡
A

Note: 6 is a smallest perfect no.

(d) Any two consecutive even numbers (6 lcls NksVh lEiw.kZ la[;k
gS)
dksbZ Hkh nks yxkrkj le la[;k,
 Even and Odd Numbers (le ,oa fo"ke la[;k,a)
18. Twin prime numbers are the prime numbers
whose difference is always equal to 2. The Even Numbers (le la[;k,a)
number of twin primes between 35 and 100 is: Any integer which on division by 2 gives zero
tqM+oka vHkkT; la[;k,¡ os vHkkT; la[;k,¡ gSa ftudk varj
(0) as the remainder is called as an even
ges'kk 2 ds cjkcj gksrk gSA 35 vkSj 100 ds chp tqM+oka
number.
vHkkT; la[;kvksa dh la[;k gS% (,d ,slk iw.kkZad ftldks 2 ls foHkkftr djus ij 'ks"kiQy
DP CONSTABLE 16/11/2023 (Shift- 01) 'kwU; vkrk gSA mls le la[;k,¡ dgrs gSaA)

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Ex: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,………… Difference between a Rational & an

Even no can be expressed as 2n Irrational Number.
le la[;kvksa dks2n ds :i esa O;Dr fd;k tk ldrk gSA (ifjes; rFkk vifjes; la[;kvksa esa varj)
 Odd Numbers (fo"ke la[;k,a) The decimal expansion of a Rational number
Any integer which on division by 2 gives 1 as is either terminating or non-terminating
the remainder is called as an odd number . (repeating) whereas the decimal expansion of
an irrational number is non-terminating non-
(,d ,slk iw.kkZad ftldks 2 ls foHkkftr djus ij 'ks"kiQy
repeating.
1 vkrk gS mls fo"ke la[;k,a dgrs gSaA) ,d ifjes; la[;k dk n'keyo çlkj ;k rks lkar vkorhZ
Ex: 1, 3, 5, 7,…………..
Odd no can be expressed as 2n ± 1
gksrk gS] ogha vifjes; la[;k dk n'keyo çlkj vlkar
fo"ke la[;kvksa dks
2n ± 1 ds :i esa O;Dr fd;k tk vukorhZ gksrk gSA
ldrk gSA

Rational Number (ifjes; la[;k, a

)

r
si
Terminating (lkar) Non Terminating
an by (Repeating)
(vuolkuh vkorhZ)

n
1 1
 0.5  0.3333....  0.3
2 3
ja 1 1
R s
 0.25  0.1666666....  0.16
4 6
a th

1 1
 0.2  0.1111111....  0.1
5 9
1 1
ty a

 0.125  0.090909....  0.09

8 11
1 1
di M

 0.1  0.142857142857....  0.142857

10 7
1
 0.05
20
Irrational numbers are non terminating & non Then do the prime factorization of the
repeating
denominator and check denominator is made
Ex:   3.14159..... up of which primes
2  1.414.....
blds ckn gj dk vHkkT; xq.ku[kaM djsa vkSj ns[ksa fd g
3  1.732.....
How to check whether a Rational number is
fdu vHkkT; la[;kvksa ls cuk gSA
A

Terminating or Non-terminating ? Case 1 : If its made by using 2 or 5 only then

(,d ifjes; la[;k dk lkar ;k vlkar vkorhZ gksus dk ijh{k.k its terminating
dSls djrs gSa\) ;fn ;g 2 vFkok 5 ls gh cuk gS rks ;g lkar vkorhZ gSA
First check whether the rational number is in
its simplest form or not . If it's not in its simplest Case 2 : If any prime is used other than 2 or
form convert it into its simplest form . 5 then its non - terminating .
lcls igys ;g tkaps fd nh xbZ ifjes; la[;k vius ljyre ;fn ;g 2 vFkok 5 ls ugha cuk gS rks ;g vlkar vukorhZ gSA
:i gS vFkok ugha] ;fn ;g ljyre :i esa ugha gS rks
cuk,aA

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20. Which of the following numbers are 22. If the points P and Q represent real numbers
terminating decimals? 0.73 and 0.56 on the number line, then what
fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lh la[;k n'keyo dks lekIr dj is the distance between P and Q ?
jgh gS\ ;fn fcUnqP vkSj Q la[;k js[kk ij okLrfod la[;kvksa
0.73 vkSj 0.56 dks fu:fir djrs gSa] rks
P vkSjQ ds
23 37
(a)
8
(b)
15 chp dh nwjh D;k gS\
[CDS 2020 (I)]
47 69
(c) (d) 1 1
25 40 (a) (b)
6 5
Conversion of Recurring decimal in
16 11
p p (c) (d)
q
form./ q :i esa ,d vkorhZ n'keyo 45 90
23. Which of the following number is a
dk :ikarj.kA terminating decimal?
buesa ls dkSu lh la[;k] lkar n'keyo la[;k gS

r
Ex: X = 0.2353535………..
10X = 2.353535……….. (1)

si
6937 5896
100X = 23.53535……….. (a) (b)
42 75
1000X = an by
235.3535………..
Subtract (1) from (2)
(2)
(c)
5873
128
(d)
6917
42

n
990X = 233
24. If radius of a sphere is rational, then which of
233 the following is/are correct?
X = ja ;fn ,d xksys dh f=kT;k ifjes; gS] rks fuEufyf[kr esa ls
R s
990
Now, we discuss the shortcut for this: dkSu&lk lgh gS \
a th

1. Its surface area is rational.

vc] ge blds fy, 'kkWVZdV ij ppkZ djrs gSaA bldk i`"Bh; {ks=kiQy ifjes; gSA
Ex: X = 0.235 2. Its volume is rational.
ty a

bldk vk;ru ifjes; gSA

235 – 2 Select the correct answer using the code given
X=
di M

990 below:
uhps fn, x, dwV dk iz;ksx djds lgh mÙkj pqfu,%
233
X= d1
990
[CDS 2020 (II)]
Ex: 123  1 122 (a) 1 Only (b) 2 Only
A  0.123  
990 990 (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
123  12 111 25. Which one of the following is not correct?
B  0.123  
900 900 fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lk lgh ugha gS\
123 [CDS 2019 (II)]
C  0.123 
999 (a) 1 is neither prime nor composite
47123  471 46652 1 u rks vHkkT; gS vkSj u gh HkkT;
A

D  0.47123  
99000 99000 (b) 0 is neither positive nor negative.
21. By what smallest natural number X = 0 u rks /ukRed gS vkSj u gh ½.kkRed
0.349999.............. be multiplied so that it (c) If p × q is even, then p and q are always
becomes an integer? even
og lcls NksVh çkÑfrd la[;k ftlls X = 0.349999..... ;fn p × q le gS] rksp vkSjq ges'kk le gksaxs
dks xq.kk djus ij ,d iw.kZ vad çkIr gksA
(d) 2 is an irrational number
(a) 20 (b) 100
(c) 300 (d) 900 2 ,d vifjes; la[;k gS

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ANSWER KEY
1.(d) 2.(b) 3.(b) 4.(c) 5.(a) 6.(a) 7.(a) 8.(d) 9.(b) 10.(b)

11.(d) 12.(c) 13.(a) 14.(d) 15.(a) 16.(a) 17.(d) 18.(b) 19.(c) 20.(b)

21.(a) 22.(a) 23.(c) 24.(d) 25.(c)

r
si
an by
n
ja
R s
a th
ty a
di M
A

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