CATCH-UP FRIDAYS: March 22, 2024

ENGLISH

Name: ________________________________________ Grade and Section: _____________

________________________________________

PART I: UNLOCKING of DIFFICULTIES

Directions: Fill in the missing letters of each word by reading the meaning.

1. A tool for gathering data.

I

2. The main concept under study.

V

3. These are questions with choices.

M C

4. This uses ranges of number to measure a qualitative variable.

S

5. These questions allow the respondents to elaborate their ideas.

O - E

PART II: READING TIME!

Directions: Read the following text. Then do the following task afterwards.

WRITING AN INSTRUMENT

In research, one of the most important things that researchers must do is to create an
instrument. But what is an instrument?

An instrument in research is the tool being used to gather data. It helps the researchers to
answer the research questions in the statement of the problem. The researchers cannot write their
results and discussions without it since the data for the non-linear (tables, graphs, etc.) and the linear
(interpretation) text are based on the gathered data from the instrument.
 Before making an instrument, the researchers need to understand some concepts. These are
the variables, sub-variables, and indicators. The variables are the main concept of the study. The
variables may be chunked down into smaller categories called the sub-variables. The indicators
on the other hand are the situations, ideas or smaller concepts that may represent the sub-variables.
To understand this, look at the example below:

Example:

Variable: Social Interaction

Sub-variable: Social Interaction at Home, Social Interaction at School, etc.

Indicators (Social Interaction at School): Interaction with classmates, interaction with

teachers, interaction with other schoolmates

The idea above can help the researchers to develop questions or scenarios that may
represent the variables in the research.

Since you identified your variables, the researchers need to read the Review of Related
Literature, Related Studies, and Framework in developing an instrument. This makes the instrument
more valid since the ideas, questions and scenarios written in the instrument are based on existing
references.

There are different types of instruments that researchers may use. There are questionnaires,
tests, interview questions, observation criteria, etc. But we will be focusing on how to write a
questionnaire.

QUESTIONNAIRES

According to Bhandari (2021), “A questionnaire is a list of questions or items used to gather

data from respondents about their attitudes, experiences, or opinions. Questionnaires can be used
to collect quantitative and/or qualitative information.” Also, questionnaires are designed to answer
research questions. But how can we develop a questionnaire?

Here are some ideas:

1. You need to choose the appropriate questions to answer your research questions. There
are different types of questions in a questionnaire.
a. Multiple choice questions – these are questions that require a respondent to
choose an answer from a variety of choices.
i. single select multiple choice questions – these are questions that require
a respondent to choose only one choice from a variety of choices.
ii. multi select multiple choice questions - these are questions that require a
respondent to choose one or more choices from a variety of choices.
 b. Likert scale – these are questions which use a range of numbers called scales to
give measurements on qualitative variables, making the variable measurable. It
is a rating scale used to measure opinions, attitudes, or behaviors.

The questions may be given in a statement form (situations, scenarios, etc.) or in

a form of questions. Also, the scales may depend on the number of ranges or
points with an interpretation. Example is in the picture below.

Source: Scribbr.com
c. Open-ended questions – these are questions that cannot be answered with a
simple ‘yes’ or ‘no’, and instead require the respondent to elaborate on their
points. The respondents are not limited on the choices given, instead they are
required to give details in relation to the question. The questions may ask “what”,
“how” and “why” on asking questions and the responses are qualitative.
2. The questions in the questionnaire are advised to be arranged depending on the
arrangement of the research questions. This may help you in organizing your data on
your results and discussions as well as writing your conclusion. Divide your questionnaire
into parts depending on the research questions that you have.
3. Be consistent with your questions. Inconsistent questioning may lead to confusion in
organizing your data and plotting it on your results and discussions.
a. Observe parallel structures with your questions especially if the sub-variable
falls on the same variable or the indicator falls on the same sub-variable.
 b. Observe the statement/questions whether it portrays a positive or negative
message. If your first situation supports the variable, all other situations should
also support the idea.
4. Foresee the data analysis that you will use. Commonly, for multiple choice questions, the
data analysis/statistical treatment used is frequency and percentage distribution or it
may involve ranking depending on the research questions you made. For Likert scale
questions, weighted mean is commonly used, and for open-ended questions, we can use
content analysis or put the responses as support with the existing data.
5. Ask for validation. Validation of the instrument is very important to review the contents
of your research.

Writing a questionnaire is difficult at first, but if you understand how to write it, with
reference to your research questions, you will realize that you are done and proceeding to the
exciting part of research – data gathering. Good luck researchers!

EXAMPLE:

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to identify the impact of playing mobile games on social interaction of Grade
9 students of Shogunate de Akademia High School.

Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the student-respondents in terms of:

1.1 age
1.2 gender
1.3 section
1.4 mobile games played?
2. How frequently do the student-respondents play mobile games?
3. To what extent do playing mobile games influence the student-respondents’ social
interaction with:
3.1 family members
3.2 schoolmates and teachers
3.3 other friends
4. What are the perceptions of student-respondents on the impact of playing mobile
games on the social interaction of other people?
Questionnaire

PART I. Demographic Profile of the Students

A. Name (Optional): ________________________________________________________

B. Age:
[] 13
[] 14
[] 15
[] 16

C. Gender:
[] Male
[] Female

D. Section:
[] 9 – Apl D Ap
[] 9 – Lea Salonga
[] 9 – Bamboo Mañalac
[] 9 – Sarah Geronimo
[] 9 – Sharon Cuneta
[] 9 – Martin Nievera
[] 9 – KZ Tandingan

E. Mobile Games Played (Can choose more than 1)

[] Multiplayer Online Battle Arena/MOBA (Mobile Legends, LoL Wildrift, etc.)
[] First Person Shooter/FPS (Call of Duty Mobile, etc.)
[] Online Multiplayer Strategy Game (Clash of Clans, Tower Defense, etc.)
[] Asymmetrical Online Games (Identity V, etc.)
[] Gacha Games (Genshin Impact, Honkai Star Rail, etc.)
[] Others

PART II. Frequency of Playing Mobile Games

A. How frequently do you play mobile games on a weekly basis?

[] Always (7 times a week)
[] Often (5 - 6 times a week)
[] Sometimes (4 - 3 times a week)
[] Rarely (1 – 2 times a week)
[] Never

B. How many hours do you usually play mobile games in a day.

[] More than 8 hours
[] 6 – 8 hours
 [] 3 - 5 hours
[] 30 minutes - 2 hours

PART III. Impact of Playing Mobile Games to Social Interaction

Interpretation: 1 – Never, 2 – Rarely, 3 – Sometimes, 4 – Often, 5 – Always

A. Interaction with family members

INDICATORS 1 2 3 4 5
I join family gatherings even I play
mobile games.
I talk with my parents and siblings
even I play mobile games.
I go with my family when having
family bonding outside despite
playing mobile games.
I do household chores with the family
even I play mobile games.

Aside from the given situations, how do mobile games impact your social
interaction with family members?

________________________________________________________________________

B. Interaction with schoolmates and teachers

INDICATORS 1 2 3 4 5
I participate in group activities even I
play mobile games.
I talk with my classmates even I play
mobile games.
I participate in different club and
school activities despite playing
mobile games.
I communicate with my teacher even I
play mobile games.

Aside from the given situations, how do mobile games impact your social
interaction with schoolmates and teachers?

________________________________________________________________________

C. Interaction with other friends

INDICATORS 1 2 3 4 5
I join my friends in their bonding plans
even I play mobile games.
 I talk with my friends while with them
even I play mobile games.
I communicate with my friends in
different mediums amidst playing
mobile games.
I go with my friends’ house or area
even I play mobile games.

Aside from the given situations, how do mobile games impact your social
interaction with other friends?

________________________________________________________________________

PART IV. Perception on the Impact of Playing Mobile Games on Other People

A. Do you encounter situations where mobile games impact social interactions with family
members, schoolmates, or friends?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
B. What are the common scenarios that playing mobile games affect when they interact
with family members?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
C. What are the common scenarios that playing mobile games affect when they interact
with schoolmates and teachers?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
D. What are the common scenarios that playing mobile games affect when they interact
with your friends?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

TASK:

By reviewing the approved title sheet, statement of the problem, and related literature, highlight
or list down the important points that you can use in developing an instrument. You may note it on
your catch-up Friday notebook. Then, draft your instrument.

PART III: REFLECTION

What have you learned from reading the text? Write it on your catch-up Friday notebook.