Python Variables and Data Types

Variables?

A variable is a container for a value. It can be assigned a name.

What are ‘C’ Variables?
 Python Variables
Python Variables are memory spaces that hold information, such as numbers or text, that the Python Code can later use to perform tasks.
 Rules for naming variables

1. The variable name should start with an underscore or letter.

Example: _educba, xyz, ABC

2. Using a number at the start of a variable name is not allowed.

Examples of incorrect variable names: 1variable, 23alpha, 390say

3. The variable name can only include alphanumeric characters and underscore.
Example: learn_python, c4, C564_85

4. Variable names in Python are case-sensitive.

Examples of different variable names: python, Python, PYTHON

5. Reserved words in Python cannot be a variable name.

Example: while, if, print, while
 Python Data Types

• Data types are the classification or categorization of data items.

• It represents the kind of value that tells what operations can be performed on a particular data.

• Since everything is an object in Python programming, data types are actually classes and variables are
instances (object) of these classes.
Variable data types, show the type of data stored in the variable.
Numeric Data Type in Python
 Numeric Data Type in Python

The numeric data type in Python represents the data that has a numeric value. A numeric value can be an integer, a
floating number, or even a complex number. These values are defined as Python int, Python float, and Python
complex classes in Python.

•Integers – This value is represented by int class. It contains positive or negative whole numbers
(without fractions or decimals). In Python, there is no limit to how long an integer value can be.

•Float – This value is represented by the float class. It is a real number with a floating-point
representation. It is specified by a decimal point. Optionally, the character e or E followed by a
positive or negative integer may be appended to specify scientific notation.

•Complex Numbers – Complex number is represented by a complex class. It is specified as (real part)
+ (imaginary part)j. For example – 2+3j
 Determine the type of data type. type() function

# Python program to
# demonstrate numeric value

a=5
print("Type of a: ", type(a))

b = 5.0
print(“ \nType of b: ", type(b))

c = 2 + 4j
print(“ \nType of c: ", type(c))
Sequence Data Type in Python
 Sequence Data Type in Python
The sequence Data Type in Python is the ordered collection of similar or different data types.

Sequences allow storing of multiple values in an organized and efficient fashion.

Sequence types in Python –

•Python String
•Python List
•Python Tuple
String Data Type
Strings in Python are arrays of bytes representing
Unicode characters.

A string is a collection of one or more characters

put in a single quote, double-quote, or triple-quote.

In python there is no character data type

A character is a string of length one.
It is represented by str class.

Creating String
Single quotes or double quotes or even triple quotes.
String Data Type
Strings in Python are arrays of bytes representing Unicode characters.

A string is a collection of one or more characters

put in a single quote, double-quote, or triple-quote.

In python there is no character data type

A character is a string of length one.
It is represented by str class.

Creating String
Single quotes or double quotes or even triple quotes.

String1 = 'python primer'

String2 = "I'm from Kerala"
String3 = """I'm living in "Gods" own country"""
print(type(String1))
Accessing elements of String
In Python, individual characters of a String can be accessed by using the method of Indexing.
Negative Indexing allows negative address references to access characters from the back of the String,
e.g. -1 refers to the last character, -2 refers to the second last character, and so on.

# Python Program to Access

# characters of String

String1 = "MICROPYTHON"
print("Initial String: ")
print(String1)

# Printing First character

print("\nFirst character of String is: ")
print(String1[0])

# Printing Last character

print("\nLast character of String is: ")
print(String1[-1])
Sequence Data Type in Python
 List Data Type

Lists are just like arrays, declared in other languages which is an ordered collection of data.

It is very flexible as the items in a list do not need to be of the same type.

Creating List
Lists in Python can be created by just placing the sequence inside the square brackets[].
Usage of List Data Type

# Creating a List
List = []
print("Initial blank List: ")
print(List)

# Creating a List with the use of a String

List = ['MicroPython']
print("\n List with the use of String: ")
print(List)

# Creating a List with the use of multiple values

List = ["Micro", "Python", "Primer"]
print("\n List containing multiple values: ")
print(List[0])
print(List[2])
print(List[-2])
Sequence Data Type in Python
 Tuple Data Type

• Just like a list, a tuple is also an ordered collection of Python objects.

• The only difference between a tuple and a list is that tuples are immutable
• i.e. tuples cannot be modified after it is created.
• It is represented by a tuple class.

Creating a Tuple
In Python, tuples are created by placing a sequence of values separated by a ‘comma’ with or without the
use of parentheses for grouping the data sequence.

Tuples can contain any number of elements and of any datatype (like strings, integers, lists, etc.).

Note: Tuples can also be created with a single element, but it is a bit tricky.

Having one element in the parentheses is not sufficient, there must be a trailing ‘comma’ to make it a tuple.
Usage of Tuple Data Type

# Creating a Tuple with the use of Strings

Tuple1 = ('Micro', 'Python')
print("\nTuple with the use of String: ")
print(Tuple1)

# Creating a Tuple with the use of list

list1 = [1, 2, 4, 5, 6]
print("\nTuple using List: ")
print(tuple(list1))

# Creating a Tuple with the use of built-in function

Tuple1 = tuple('Python')
print("\nTuple with the use of function: ")
print(Tuple1)

# Creating a Tuple with nested tuples

Tuple1 = (0, 1, 2, 3)
Tuple2 = ('Micro', 'Python')
Tuple3 = (Tuple1, Tuple2)
print("\nTuple with nested tuples: ")
print(Tuple3)
 Boolean Data Type in Python
Data type with one of the two built-in values, True or False.
boolean objects that are equal to True are truthy (true),
and those equal to False are falsy (false).

Note – True and False with capital ‘T’ and ‘F’

are valid booleans otherwise python will throw an error.

# Python program to
# demonstrate boolean type

print(type(True))
print(type(False))

print(type(true))
 Set Data Type in Python

In Python, a Set is an unordered collection of data types that is iterable, mutable and has no duplicate
elements.
The order of elements in a set is undefined though it may consist of various elements.

Create a Set in Python

Sets can be created by using the built-in set() function with an iterable object or a sequence by placing the
sequence inside curly braces, separated by a ‘comma’.
The type of elements in a set need not be the same, various mixed-up data type values can also be passed to
the set.
Usage of List set Type

# Python program to demonstrate

# Creation of Set in Python

# Creating a Set with the use of a String

set1 = set("GeeksForGeeks")
print("\nSet with the use of String: ")
print(set1)

# Creating a Set with the use of a List

set1 = set(["Geeks", "For", "Geeks"])
print("\nSet with the use of List: ")
print(set1)

# Creating a Set with a mixed type of values

# (Having numbers and strings)
set1 = set([1, 2, 'Geeks', 4, 'For', 6, 'Geeks'])
print("\nSet with the use of Mixed Values")
print(set1)
 Dictionary Data Type in Python

A dictionary in Python is an unordered collection of data values, used to store data values like a map,
unlike other Data Types that hold only a single value as an element, a Dictionary holds a key: value pair.
Key-value is provided in the dictionary to make it more optimized.
Each key-value pair in a Dictionary is separated by a colon : , whereas each key is separated by a
‘comma’.
Create a Dictionary
In Python, a Dictionary can be created by placing a sequence of elements within curly {} braces,
separated by ‘comma’.
Values in a dictionary can be of any datatype and can be duplicated, whereas keys can’t be repeated
and must be immutable.
The dictionary can also be created by the built-in function dict().
An empty dictionary can be created by just placing it in curly braces{}.

Note – Dictionary keys are case sensitive, the same name but different cases of Key will be treated
distinctly.
Usage of Dictionary Data Type

# Creating a Dictionary with Integer Keys

Dict = {1: 'Micro', 2: 'For', 3: 'Python'}
print("\nDictionary with the use of Integer Keys: ")
print(Dict)

# Creating a Dictionary with Mixed keys

Dict = {'Name': 'Python', 1: [1, 2, 3, 4]}
print("\nDictionary with the use of Mixed Keys: ")
print(Dict)

# Creating a Dictionary with dict() method

Dict = dict({1: 'Micro', 2: 'Python', 3: 'Primer'})
print("\nDictionary with the use of dict(): ")
print(Dict)

# Creating a Dictionary with each item as a Pair

Dict = dict([(1, 'Micro'), (2, 'Python')])
print("\nDictionary with each item as a pair: ")
print(Dict)
 Python Booleans

Booleans represent one of two values: True or False.

 Dictionary

• Dictionaries are used to store data values in key:value pairs.

• A dictionary is a collection which is ordered
• Changeable and
• Do not allow duplicates.
 Set

Sets are used to store multiple items in a single variable.

A set is a collection which is unordered, unchangeable, and unindexed.