Wro 13408 1951 1952 Report 1

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA
REPORT ON THE PROSPECTING OF THE BHRRU, KAUNI,

ALLADDIN-KA-BERA, NAUSHERA, SIASAR AND SOME
OTHER GYPSUM DEPOSITS IN BIKANER DIVISION,
RAJASTHAN
By
G. G. K. SASTRI
Assistant Geologist,
Geological Survey of India
June 1952.
1 GSI-WRO-13408
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA

RAJASTHAN
By
G. G. K. SASTRI
Geological Survey of India
June 1952.
2 GSI-WRO-13408
RAJASTHAN
By
G. G. K. SASTRI
CONTENTS PAGE
I. INTRODUCTION 1
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE GYPSUM

II. 1
DEPOSITS:
1) Saniwiala Deposit 1
2) Jagdeowala No.1 Deposit 2
3) Jagdeowala No,-2 Deposit 2
4 Harkasar Deposit 3
5) Dholera Deposit 3
6) Bharru Deposit 3
7) Kaoni Deposit 5
3) Jaimalsar Deposit 6
9) Dandla deposits 6
10) Alladdin-Ka-Bera Deposit 6
11) Hansuwali Deposit 7
12) Naushera Deposit 7
3 GSI-WRO-13408
13) Siasar Deposit 8
III RESERVES 8
IV. OTHER DEPOSITS VISITED 9
V AGE AND ORIGIN OF THE GYPSUM 9
VI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 9
APPENDIX
1. Pit detail report OF Saniwiala deposit
2. Jagdeowala No. 2 deposit
3. Harkasax deposit
4. Cholera deposit
5. Bharru
6. Kaoni
7. Jaimalsar
8. Dandla
9. Alladdin-Ka-Bera deposit
10. Hansuwali deposit
11. Naushtipa
12. Siasar
13. Copy of Memo No, FPG-3(5), dated 29th June 1951, from the Gypsum
Development Officer.
4 GSI-WRO-13408
PLATES
I. COMMUNICATIONS MAP OF RAJASTHAN (1" to 38 miles)
II. SANIWALA GYPSUM DEPOSIT (l" to 500 feet)
III. JAGDEOWALA No, 2 GYSUM DEPOSIT ("
IV HARKASAR GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)
V. BHARRU (-"-)
VI, KAONI and JAIMALSAR GYPSUH DEPOSIT (-"-)
VIII DANIDLE GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)
VIII. ALLADDIN-KA-BERA GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)
IX. HANSUWALI GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)
X. NAUSHERA GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)
XI. SIASAR GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)
XII. PHOTOORAPH3
5 GSI-WRO-13408
RAJASTHAN
By
G. G. K. SASTRI
I. INTRODUCTION
The detailed exploration of the gypsum depositsion Jodhpur and

Bikaner Divisions of Rajasthan in co-ordination with the Gypsum Development
Officer, Sindri Project (subsequently converted to Sindri Fertilisers &
Chemicals Ltd.), Jodhpur was taken up in the season 1350-51. The
circumstances leading to this have been NOTREDABAL in report entitled,
'Report on the detailed exploration of the Utarlai, Kawas and Dhirera gypsum
deposits, Rajasthan' for the season 1950-51. The work has been continued
during the field season 1951-52 upto the 9th February 1952 the allocation of
work has been based on the Herac, No. FPG-3(5), dated the 29th June, 1951,
from the Gypsum Development Officer, a copy of which is a pendad to this
report (Appendix 13).
The following deposits have been examined in detail during the current
season in (1) Saniwala, (2) Jagdeowala No, 1, (3) Jagdeowala No. 2, (4)
Narkasar, (5) Dholera, (6) Bharru, (7) Kaoni, .(8) Jsimalsar, (9) Dandla, (10)
Alladin-ka-Bera: (11) Hansuwali, (l2) Naushera and (13) Siasar (Plate I).
Visits were also paid to other gypsum deposits like Nathwanla and
Balhar.
6 GSI-WRO-13408
In addition, the folioing places, reported to be gypsum-bearing by the
Gypsum Development Officer, were visited but no gypsum deposit was found
near any one of them:-
Kalu (28°23: 73°53'30"), Sudsar (28°0': 73°46'), Nain-Ki-Basti (27°53:

73  7'), Janglu (2742’: 73  15'), Panchun (2750': 7313'), Rora (27  33': 73°27'),
Nokha (27°35': 73°28') and Pugal (28  30': 72°48'15").
The general features of the deposits examined during the last season,
and their geology were described in detail in my report for the season 1950-
51. The observations contained therein apply to the present deposits also and
hence have not been repeated here.
I wish, to place on record ay gratefulness to the Gypsum Development

Officer, for the assistance given in the course of the present work.
1. NOTREDABAL (PLATE II)
The Saniwala gypsum deposit is situated about 8 miles north of the

Lunkaransar railway station (28°30': 73°45'); 44H) on the Bikaner-Bhatinda
section of the Northern Railway, The □ art track from Lunkaransar towards
Kankarwala passes by the side of the deposit, which occurs in a low ground
irregularly surrounded by low sand dunes. There is no published record of this
deposit.
The deposit has a total length of about 1000 feet and a width of about
600 feet. Most of this area has been worked out. On the eastern side,
however, a small patch of gypsum still exists, the area of which has been
estimated at about 125,000 square feet.
Gypsum in the deposit occurs in a fine-grained, bedded form, white to

Dale grey in colour, varying between nine inches and two feet in thickness.
The overburden, one to two feet thick, consists of loose sand also underlies
the gypsum bed,
7 GSI-WRO-13408
The gypsum is of a very poor quality with a CaSO 4 , 2H 2 O percentage
of 53 to 55 and silica and insolubles upto 37% Snail percentage of calcium
carbonate are present in it. The available reserves of gypsum from this deposit
are estimated to aiucunt to 6,000 tons approximately and in view of the poor
quality of the gypsum the deposit is of little economic value,
2. JAGDEOWALA NO. 1. DEPOSIT:
This deposit is situated about it miles north-east of Jagdeowala railway

station (26°20'): 73°30': 44H) on the Bikaner-.Bhatinda section of the northern
railway. It is in a small depression a amidst sand dunes. west of The has
already been removed. In the remaining portion, a quarry exists in which the
following section is seen: -
Sand (average). 2'

Gypsum 3'
Sand 2'
On analysis, the gypsum has shown a CaSO 4 . 2H 2 O percentage of

72.32 and a silica and insolubles percentage of 16.96. It is also noticed that
the inhabitant of the surrounding villages are working the remaining portion for
their local needs for use as Plasters in their billings after burning it as site.
This deposit too is of no importance.
3. JAGDEOWALA No. 2 DEPOSIT (PLATE III)
This deposit is situated about 3 miles south-west of Jagdeowala

railway station. The railway line between milestones 71 and 72 passes over
the deposit. It occupies the central portion of a large depression surrounded
by sand dunes. No previous record exists of this occurrence.
The deposit is very irregular in shape and has a length of about half a
mile in the N.S. direction. In the northern and southern portions, its width is
8 GSI-WRO-13408
slightly less than half a mile, while it is much less in the central portions. The
area has been estimated at about 3,000,000 square feet.
The occurrence of gypsum in this deposit is similar to that in the above

.deposits, namely, a thin-bedded, fine-grained and crystalline layer. It is pale
white to pale dirty grey in colour and is generally mixed -with sand and other
impurities. The thickness of the bed varies between the 10" (Portion marked
JL (2)7 in Plate 3) and 4'4" (Portion marked JL (2)14, in Plate 3), the
calculated average being 2'3" The overburden of sand and clay varies
between 8" and 2'6" in thickness.
The gypsum from this deposit is generally very poor in quality. The
CaSO 4 2H 2 O percentage varies between 50 and 76, 76 and the percentage of
silica and insolubles varies between 35 and 12. The total reserves of gypsum
of this quality have been estimated at about 215,000 tons. Though the deposit
has the advantage of the railway line passing over it, its average quality is
rather poor.
4. HARKASAR DEPOSIT (PLATE IV)
The Harkasar gypsum deposit is situated about 61 miles west of

Jamsar railway station (2815': 7324'); 44H) on the
Bikaner-Bhatinda section of the Northern railway, west of the sand

dune, .676. This deposit was earlier reported upon by Dr. P.K. Ghosh, Mr, K.K,
Dutta and Mr. H.L. Taploo. 1.
From surface indications, it appears that the deposit was originally

quite extensive, but what remains of it at the present day consists of their
small patches of gypsum separated from one another by about half a mile of
ground which, fudging from the large number of scattered boulders of all sizes
on the surface and in the pits, appears to have been worked out. The area of
these three patches is estimated at about 2,515,000 square feet.
9 GSI-WRO-13408
Gypsum in this deposit occurs, as in others described above, as a fine-
grained, thin bedded and crystalline layer, whose thickness varies from 3" to
11" in the different portions.
The overburden of sand and clay has a thickness of a few inches to

2'6".
Chemical analyses of gypsum from the deposit show that the

percentage of CaSO 4 -2H 2 O varies between 55 and 74, and that of silica and
other insolubles between 30 and 18. The reserves of gypsum are estimated to
amount to about 118,000 tons.
5. DHOLERA DEPOSIT.
This deposit is situated about 21 miles south-south-west of Dholera

village (23°15': 7324' ; 44H), on the northern side of the sand dune,,676 six
pits were put in it at intervals of 500 feat, only one of them shoving a layer of
gypsum, similar in appearance to that from Harkasar, 1' 8" thick. The material
is poor in quality with a CaSO 4 2H 2 O percentage of about 61 Silica and
insolubles percentage is about 31. The deposit is too small to deserve any
further attention.
6. BHARRU DEPOSIT (PALIS V)
This deposit lies about a mile north of Bharru village (28°12'30" ;

73°13' ; 44H). It is situated south of a big sand dune that is met with about 18
miles from Bikaner on the fair weather roads to the military outposts at Pugal
or Sattasar
P.K. Ghosh, F,K. Dutta and R.K. Taploo: A note on the Gypsum
deposits of Jodhpur and Bikaner States, Rajasthan (1943-44).
It is in a depression surrounded by sand dunes. Only in the south-western

porti as a part of the deposit is covered by the dunes. This deposit also has
10 GSI-WRO-13408
been reported upon by Dr. P.K. Ghosh, Mr. K.K. Dutt and Nr. R.K. Taploo.
The deposit is roughly oval shaped and has a length of about one mile
in the N.S. direction. Its width varies between 2000 feet and 8500 feet. It is
very unfortunate that such a big deposit should have been so extensively
worked out for local use. A reference to the plan of the deposit will show that
most of the gypsum from the best part of the deposit has already been re
loved. The present quarry face is north of the pits BH 7 and 3H 8, only the
edges of the deposit are now left intact. The area of the gypsum bearing
ground has been estimated at about 5,500,000 square feet.
The occurrence of gypsumrat Bharru differs from that in the other

deposit described so far. The material is crystalline and ranges from very fine-
grained to medium-grained, The fine-grained gypsum is white or pale grey in
colour, rather poor in quality and is either uniform or made up of alternating
layers of missive and bedded material, The Medium-grained gypsum, most of
which comes from a second layer met with in the pits BH 19A. and BE 23, is
harder, porous in texture and white to pale pinkish in colour. It is very well-
bedded, each layer being in places as much as one inch thick. A coating of
dull white calcium carotbeate is usually found on the padding Slants. In
places, thin layers of sand are found Interbedded with the gypsum. The
coarsest material is generally found in the deeper portions, while on the top,
as well as near the boundary of the deposit, the gypsum is of the fine-grained
type mixed with sand. The thickness of the gypsum bed varies between 8" and
4' 8" the calculated averse .being 2' 7". The overburden, which consists of
sand and Gypsies clay -sometimes with blocks of decomposed gypsum ling
strewn about is very variable in thickness, from, almost nothing to as much as
4.
Mention has already been made in the above paragraph. of the
occurrence of a crystalline layer of gypsum beneath the -surface layer. The
two are separated by 9' of sand. The lower layer has been net with only in two
pits 10 -and BH 23, which are situated at a lower level In comparison with the
surrounding ground, where the top layer of gypsum has been worked out. The
nearby pits have all been considerably deepened but none of them showed
11 GSI-WRO-13408
this second layer. In fact, in BH 19, at the level corresponding to this is found
a layer, two thret feet thick, of hard white clay with traces of gypsum and
calcium carbonate. Thus, it appears that this second, layer is a very limited
one, possibly 1000 feet long and 700 feet wide or, the average. This has been,
marked out in the plan, inside the worked out area.
It has been mentioned that most of the gypsum from the best part of
the deposit has already been worked out. This is clearly borne out by the
chemical analyses of the samples ram this deposit, Wherever the entire
thickness of the gypsum has been preserved, as in the ease of BH 18 and BH
19, the gypsum shows a CaSO 4 .2H 2 percentage of 35 to 90, But on the
fringes,' this percentage falls down to as 10 was 55, being generally between
60 and 75. Correspondingly, the percentage of silica and other insolubles also
varies between 6 and 27. Gypsum from the second layer is of a fairly good
quality, showing 83.6% CaSO 4 .2H 2 O in BH 23.
The total reserves of gypsum available in the Bharru deposit, including

those from the second layer, are estimated to be 473,000 tons. Probably a
similar quantity -light have been re leaved earlier.
In spite of the fact that the reserve of gypsum amount to nearly half a
million tons, the deposit 1 B of little importance to the Sindri Factory, as the
gypsum is too poor for being utilised in the production of ammonium sulphate.
7, KAONI DEPOSIT (PLATE VI).
The Kaoni gypsum deposit is situated just north of Kaoni village (28°9':
73°6': 44H), in a low depression, which on the south-western and the northern
portions is bordered by sand dunes. Dr. P. K. Ghosh, .or. K.K. Dutta and Mr,
R.K.Taploo has reported upon this deposit earlier.
The Kaoni deposit is long and narrow. The length is in the E.W.
direction in the central and western portions, while the deposit takes a north-
easterly turn in the- eastern portion. The total length of the deposit is about
12 GSI-WRO-13408
three miles and its width varies from about 3000 feet in the central portions to
about 500 feet at the western end. The deposit is actually in two separate
patches, with an intervening Darren ground of 1000 feet. The present quarry
face is south of KN 52, at the south-western and of the worked out area, as
marked out in the plan. The area of the deposit, excluding the worked out
portion, has been estimated at about 12,273,000 square feet.
Gypsum in the Kaoni deposit occurs in the crystalline, fine-grained

form, well bedded and compact. Its colour is generally white with a greyish
tinge and it is so is what porous, the ports in places being filled by sand or by
calcium carbonate Pale pinkish coarsely crystalline gypsum is also present in
some places as layers ranging from 1" to 5" in thickness, invariably in the
lower levels of the bad. Near the boundary, the material usually consists of
small crystals of gypsum loosely cemented in a matrix of gypsum and calcium
carbonate; Bedding is not very distinct due to the extreme fineness of the
grain size that characterises most of the gypsum from this deposit. The
thickness of the bed ranges between 3" (in KM 50) and 4’ 2" (in KM 29), the
calculated average being 2' 2.5". The overburden consists of please sand (and
clay in places) with blocks of decomposed gypsum strewn over it, and is
generally less than two feet thick. The maximum thickness of the overburden
noted is about four feet.
Analyses of samples from this deposit indicate in general a poorer

quality near the boundary" of the deposit. The percentage of GaS0 4 .2H 2 O in
these regions falls as ion as 33.
Generally, the percentage ranges between 60 and 35, only one of the
samples showing more than 85% of the hydrated sulphate (36.56 in KM 59).
Gypsum of this quality is not suitable for use at Sindri. The reserves of
gypsum in this deposit are estimated at about 1,000,000 tons.
No gypsum has been met with at lower levels upto 20 feet beneath the
surface, which is the level of water-table In the area, This deposit is, about 11
miles from the nearest railway station of Mal on the Bikaner-Srikolayatji
13 GSI-WRO-13408
section of the
Northern Railway,
North of the main deposit, the ground shows blocks of decomposed

gypsum but pits in that area did not reveal any regular bed of More than one
feet.
8. JAIMALSAR DEPOSIT (PLATE VI)
This deposit is situated about one mile to the west of the western end
of the Kaoni gypsum deposit, None of the pits in the deposit showed gypsum,
From surface indications, it appears that the gypsum from the entire area has
been removed. There are two quarries, one in the eastern and the other in the
western and, from which gypsum is being removed at the present day for local
use.
The thickness of the gypsum bed in the eastern portion is l' l" and that
in the western portion 2'6". The percentage of hydrated calcium sulphate in
the two samples are 84.81 and 66.71 respectively.
9. DANDLA. DEPOSIT (PLATE VII)
The Dandla deposit are situated about 10 miles north-west of the Pugal
village (28 30’: 72 48'15") ; 44D), on the south-west of the cart track-running
from Pugal to the Khajawala Armed Police Outpost Two patches of gypsum
exist in the area surrounded by sand dunes and separated by about 3000 feet
of barren ground, The deserted Dandla village stands on the western patch.
This occurrence has not been recorded earlier.
The western patch in the Dandla deposits is about 2000 feet long and
1000 feet wide. The eastern patch has a length of about 1500 feet and its
width varies between 400 and 750 feet. In both the patches, considerable
portions have been worked out. They have been marked in the plan.
14 GSI-WRO-13408
Gypsum occurs in the area as a white crystalline and fine-grained
layer, varying in thickness from 7" to 3'4". The material is Mixed with sand and
clay, besides small amounts of Calcium carbonate. Chemical analyses indicate
that the percentage of the hydrated calcium sulphate varies from 67.45 to
80.77. . The areas of and the reserves of the two patches are tabulated
below:-
Western patch.
Eastern patch
Area ... 1025,000 square feet 787,500 square feet

Average
thickness 1' 2.5" 2' 10.5"
Reserves ... 45,000 tons 84,000 tons
The total estimated reserves in the two patches thus cone to 129,000
tons approximately.
10. ALLADDIN-KA-BERA DEPOSIT (PLATE VIII)
This deposit not recorded earlier, is situated, in s depression

surrounded by sand dunes, at about 13 miles from Pugal, on the way to the
Khajawala Obtpost. A few well exist in the deposit, in which brackish water is
met at depths of about 200 feet.
The deposit is about a mile long in the E.W, direction. It has a

maximum width of about 2000 feet in the central portion, hut tapers down on
both sides. The southern boundary of the deposit for a considerable length is
covered by sand dunes. The total area of the deposit is approximately
6,205,000 square feet.
Gypsum in this deposit is white in colour, crystalline and usually fine-

grained. It is well bedded. In places where the bed is thick (as in AKB 8 and
15 GSI-WRO-13408
AKH 23, PI. 8), it is medium to coarse-grained, and somewhat porous. The
pore spaces are cither filled with sand or with calcium carbonate. In the pit
AKB 2, the gypsum is dark greyish or black in colour, due probably to
admixture with carbonations impurities. The thickness of the bed varies from 1'
to 8'7", being generally less than 4'. The unusual thickness in AKB 8 and AKB
23 seems to indicate local depressions in the surface on which the gypsum
has formed. The calculated average thickness of the bed is 5' 1.6". The
overburden, consisting mostly of gypseous sand with decomposed blocks of
gypsum is variable in thickness, being anything from 3" to 3'5'', put it is
generally thin,
Gypsum from the Alladdin-Ka-Bera deposit is of a fairly good quality,

with the percentage of CaSO 4 .2H 2 O ranging from 80 to 88.5. In general, it is
less than 35; the prescribed minimum for the raw material for Sindri, The
percentage of silica and other insolubles varies between 6 and 15. The
quantity of gypsum from this deposit has been estimated at about 1,170,000
tons,
The reserves of gypsum in this deposit are fairly large and the quality
fairly good for other purposes, though it is not suitable for use at Sindri. The
fact, that it is about 75 miles from the nearest railway station at Bikaner and
25 miles from the Indo-Pakistan border, is a distinct disadvantage.
11. HANSUWALI DEPOSIT (PLATE IX),
Situated about half a mile south-east from the eastern and of the
Alladdin-Ka-Bera deposit is a small deposit of gypsum known as the
Hansuwali deposit. Though the ground over which blocks of decomposed
gypsum are seen is about 2000 feet by 500 feet, only three pits in this have
given gypsum of a somewhat poor quality. The thickness of the gypsum bed
varies between 1'3" and 3'5", and the percentage of the hydrated calcium
sulphate in the samples varies between 65 and 79. The gypsum is of the same
fine-grained variety as in the Alladdin-K. Bera deposit. The reserves of poor
quality gypsum in this deposit are estimated as save 20,000 tons,
16 GSI-WRO-13408
12. NAUSHERA DEPOSIT (PLATE X)
The Naushera gypsum deposit occurs in a narrow E.W. depression

about 12 miles (as the crow flies) north-west of Pugal. The deserted village
Naushera (28  36'20": 7240' ; 44D) i S at the north-western end of the deposit.
There is no earlier report of this occurrence.
The deposit is less than a mile long and about 1000 feat wide on the
average. Its" total area has been estimated at about 3,167,000 square feet.
Gypsum from the Naushera deposit Is of a fairly good quality with the
hydrated calcium sulphate percentage varying between 78 and 36,5, The
reserves of gypsum in the deposit amount to 350,000 tons approximately.
This deposit does not contain any large reserves of the quality suitable
for use at Sindri. The material may be useful in the cement and possibly
sulphuric acid industries, out the fact what it is far from the railway line is a
seriously handicaps in its development,
13. SIASAR DEPOSIT (PLATE XI),
The Siasar gypsum deposit, situated at a distance of about l8 miles

WNW of pugal, lies in a depression indecdiately -west of Siasar village (28  35':
7234' : 44D), which having been deserted, is made an Armed police outpost
on the Indo-Pakistan border. There is no previous record of this deposit.
The deposit occurs in two patches separated by a distance of about

500 feet the western one is about 3000 feet long and about 3000 feet wide.
The eastern patch is about 1500 feet long and about 1500 feet wide a good
part of the area in the two patches has already been worked out. The gypsum-
bearing ground is estimated to have an area of about 3,217,500 square feet in
the western and about 620,000 square feet in the eastern portion.
17 GSI-WRO-13408
Gypsum in the Siasar deposit is similar in occurrence to that in
Naushera deposit. The material is mostly fine-grained. A few shells of Vivipara
bengalensis and some smaller forms of Vivipara Sp- have been found in the
gypsum the thickness of the bed varies between 1' and 5' . The average
thicknesses in the western and eastern portions have been calculated to be
sand 1' 11" respectively, The overlying layer of sand, usually with blocks of
decomposed gypsum, is less than 1' 6" think in all places.
The Siasar gypsum is of good quality. Except for one pit, the material
from the western portion shoes more than 84% of the hydrated calcium
sulphate, and the reserves in this patch are estimated at about 357,000 tons.
The material from the eastern patch is poorer, with 61 to 84% of the hydrated
sulphate with a reserve of about 4000 tons. This deposit is at far from the
railway line.
III. RESERVES
Below is a summarised tabular statements of reserves of gypsum from

the deposits examined during the current season:-
Estimated Available
Sl. No. Name of the deposit. CaSO 4 .2H 2 O percentage
Reserves(Tons)
1. Saniwala 6,000 53 - 55
2. Jagdeowala No. l Practically worked out -
3. Jagdeowala No. 2 215,000 50 - 76
4. Harkasar 118,000 55 - 74
5. Dholera Very small and practically worked out
Generally between 60 and

6. Bharru 473,000
75
Generally between 60 and
7. Kaoni 1,000,000
36
8. Jaimalsar Small and practically
18 GSI-WRO-13408
Estimated Available
Sl. No. Name of the deposit. CaSO 4 .2H 2 O percentage
Reserves(Tons)
worked out.
9. Dandla 129,000 67 - 81
10. Alladdin-Ka-Bera. 1,170,000 Generally 80-85
11. Hansuwali 20,000 65 - 79
12. Naushera 360,000 78 - S6.5
13. Siasar 361,000 Mostly 84-89
Total Reserves - 3-842,000 tons.
Out of the total reserves of about 3.8 million tons, only about,35 million
tons are of the required minimum purity for use at Sindri,
IV. OTHER DEPOSITS VISITED
Mention has already been made of snort vests paid to some other
gypsum deposits during the current season, The largest of them is at Balhar
(23  24': 72  23'), which appears to cover an area of about 2 to 3 square miles.
The gypsum bed is seen to be l' to 2' thick. The minimum reserves, on the
basis of an average thickness of 1'6" may amount to about 3.75 million tons,
This deposit is less than 10 miles from the Indo-Pakistan border.
Another small deposit visited was near Nathwania, about 10 miles

north-east of Lunkaransar, The gypsum is of a poor quality. This needs no
further consideration,
V. AGE AMD ORIGIN OF THE GYPSUM.
The gypsum appears to have been precipitated from solutions carrying

calcium sulphate in fresh or brackish-water inland lakes in recent or sub recent
times. More work is being done on the Palaeontological aspect of this problem
19 GSI-WRO-13408
in the Geological Survey of India on the material collected and a separate note
will be submitted later on.
VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Thirteen gypsum deposits were examined in detail during the field

season 1951-52 in the Bikaner Division of Rajasthan. The total reserves of
gypsum in them have been estimated at about 3.8 million tons. Excepting the
Siasar deposit, which contains about,35 million tons of gypsum of the
minimum purity required for Sindri, gypsum from all the other deposits is too
poor in quality to be of use as raw material in the manufacture of ammonium
sulphate at Sindri.
20 GSI-WRO-13408
APPENDIX - 1
SANIWALA, GYPSUM DEPOSIT

'9" in depth of all
PIT DETAIL REPORT pits

(All pits not showing gypsum were taken to minimum depth of 4')
(Reserves: 6,000 tons)
Pit No, Section CaS0 4 .2H 2 O SiO 2 & Insol. Remarks
SW 1 All sand Abandoned quarry about 50' north
SW 2 All sand
SW 3 All sand
SW 4 Not dug (worked out area)
SW 4, Soil - 2' Gypsum - 55,32 34.68 This pit is 285

1'6" east of SW 4
The following section is from a quarry about 16' east of SW 4: Soil (Average - 2
Gypsum. -2' 52.91 37-91 Sand - 4"
21 GSI-WRO-13408
APPENDIX - 2
JAGDEOWALA No. 2 GYPSUM DEPOSIT

PIT DETAIL REPORT
Reserves:-
215,000 tons)
(All pits not showing gypsum were taken to a minimum depth of 4')
Pit No. Section CaSO 4 .2H 2 O SiO 2 & Insol. Remarks
JL (2) 1 All clay and sand - -
JL (2) 1A All sand - - -
JL (2) 2 All clay and sand - -
JL (2) 3 Clay 8" 55,62 27.89 -
Gypsum 1'7"
Gypseous sand- 1'9"
JL(2) 3A All clay and sand - -
JL(2) 4 Sand and clay - 1' 1" 63.19 21,30 -
22 GSI-WRO-13408
Gypsum - 3'10"
Sand - 5"
JL(2) 5 All clay and sand - - -
JL(2) 6 Clay - 2' 59,90 26.43 -
Gypsum 1'7"
Sand - 9"
JL(2) 7 Soil 1'8" - - No sample
Gypsum - 10"
Sand - 1'8"
JL(2) 10 Soil - 2' 67.01 16.45 -
Gypsum - 2'4"
23 GSI-WRO-13408
Sand 3"
JL(2) 11 Soil - 2'5" 66.31 17.73 -
Gypsum - 2'6"
Sand - 1'4"
JL(2) 12 Soil - 10" 76.24 11*66 -
Gypsum - 4'4"
Sand - 1'
Clay and murrum - 2'4"
JL(2) 13 Soil - 2'
Gypsum - 4"
Sand - 10 '
Gypsum - 6"
Sand - 1'4"
JL(2) 13A Soil - 3'4" - - -
24 GSI-WRO-13408
Gypseous clay- 1'4"
Sand - 6"
Clay and murrain 2'6"
JL(2) 14 Soil - 2" 63.31 20.46
Gypsum 2' 8"
Sand - 4"
JL(2) I4A All clay and sand.
JL(2) 143 All clay and sand.
JL(2) 14C Soil - 1'5" 21.03
Gypsum - 3'2" 60.27
JL(2) 15 All clay and sand
25 GSI-WRO-13408
APPENDIX – 3
HARKASAR GYPSUM DEPOSIT

PIT DETAIL REPORT
(All pits not showing gypsum were taken to a minimum depth of 4 1 ),
Pit No. Section CaSO 4 . 2H 2 O (%) SiO 2 & Insol. (%) Remarks,
HK 1 All clay and sand
HK 1A Clay - 1'9" - -
Sand - 3' 6"
Clay and sand with traces- of
Gypsum - 8'6"
Clay and murrum - 5'
HK 2 Clay - 4" Thickness of gypsum variable not
Gypsum mixed with sampled,
clay - 8"
Sand - l'4"
26 GSI-WRO-13408
HK 4 Clay - 1'3" 62.09 18.34 -

Gypsum - l'7"
Sand - 6"
HE 5 Shows traces of gypsum
HE 6 All clay and sand
HK 7 Clay - 2'3" -do- - No sample

Gypsum - 9"(Average)
Sand - 1'0
HK 8 Clay - l'4" 62.46 37,30 Bed distinct on 3 sides only,
Gypsum - l'5"
Sand - 8"
HK 8A All clay and sand
HK 10 Clay - 2'5" No sample

Gypsum - 3"(Average) –
Sand - l'4"
HK 11 Shows irregular blocks of gypsum in
clay - worked out area
27 GSI-WRO-13408
HK 12 -do- -do-
HK 13 Shows traces of gypsum
HK 14 All sand
HK 16 Shows traces of gypsum
HK 18 All clay
HK 21 Soil - 1'2" 73.87 19.47

gypsum - 1'11"
Sand - 5"
HK 22 All clay and Sand
HK 24 Soil - 1'4" No sample
28 GSI-WRO-13408
Gypsum - 8"
Sand - 10"
HK 25 All clay arid sand
HK 28 Soil - 1'7" 55.68

Gypsum - 1'11"
Sand – 1' 3"
HK 28A Soil - 1'10" 71.93
Gypsum - 1'5"
Sand - 9"
HK 28B All clay and sand
HK 28C All clay and sand
HK 28D All clay and sand
29 GSI-WRO-13408
APPENDIX – 4
DHOLERA, GYPSUM DEPOSIT PIT DETAIL REPORT

(All pita not showing gypsum were taken to a minimum depth of 4')
Pit NO . Section. CaSO 4 .2H 2 O SiO 2 & Insol. Remarks.
DL 1 Impure gypsum on two sides, about l' thick, and traces of gypsum on the other sides.
DL 2 All clay and sand
DL 5 Soil - 3'8" 60.90 30.84

Gypsum - 1'8"
Sand - 3"
30 GSI-WRO-13408
Pit NO . Section. CaSO 4 .2H 2 O SiO 2 & Insol. Remarks.
Section in a quarry 190° south of D.L, 5:-
Gypsum - 2'1" 84.87 9.51

Clay & sand - 0'
Appendix – 5
BHARRU GYPSUM DEOSIT PIT DETENT REPORT

(All pits not showing gypsum were- taken to a minimum depth of 4 1 )
Pit No, Section* CaS0 4 .2H 2 O (%) Sio 2 & Insol. C %) Remarks.
BH 1 Clay and sand with traces of gypsum - - -

at a depth of 2 feet.
BH 2 Sand - 3' 70.68 18.92 -
Gypsum - 3'
Sand - 8"
31 GSI-WRO-13408
Gypsum - 4",
Sand - 2' 3"
BH 3 Traces of gypsum at a depth of 3
feet.
BH 4 All sand
EH 5 All sand
HI 6 Sand - 4'6" 73.33 18.21 -

Gypsum - 1'
Sand - 5'6"
BH 7 Sand - 1'9" 73.83 15.85 2" sand parting eliminated in
Gypsum - 3'7" sampling
Gypseous
sand - 6"
Sand - 6''
BH 8 sand and gypseous clay - 2' 78.64 14.51 -
Gypsum – 2'4"
Gypseous sand-1'4"
Sand - 5'4"
BH 8A All sand - - -
32 GSI-WRO-13408
BH 8B All sand - - -
BH 9 Clay with blocks of gypsum - 2' - - In worked out area.

Sand - 3'
BH 9A Traces of gypsum in the upper - - -
portions
BH 10 Clay with blocks of gypsum - 2' - - In worked out area
Sand - 3'
BH 11 Clay and sand - - -
BH 12 All sand - - -
BH 13 Clay with blocks of gypsum - 1'6" - - In worked out area.

Sand - 6'6"
BH 14 Sand l'8" - - -
Clay 1'6''
Gypseous clay-2'
Sand - 2"
BH 16 All clay and sand - - -
BH 17 Gypseous sand & 89.48 5.99 -
33 GSI-WRO-13408
clay 1'9"
Gypsum 4'8"
Sand 5"
BH 18 Sand 4'3" 85.11 7.77 -
Gypsum 3'l1
Sand 4"
BH 19 Sand 5'4" - - -
Clay with traces of gypsum 3'1"
Sand 2"
BH 19A Sand 5' 76.22 11*93 -
Gypsum 2'8''
Sand 2'6"
Clay, murrum etc, 10'4"
BH 20 Clay with traces of gypsum l'3" 72.07 21.87 -
Gypsum 11"
Sand V
BH 21 All sand - -
BH 22 Traces of gypsum in clay - -
BH 23 Sand 3'11" 83.64 9.78 -

Gypsum 3' 6"
34 GSI-WRO-13408
Sand 3"
BH 34 All sand - -
BH 25 Sand 3' 3" 58.19 24.63 -

11
Gypsum 3' 6
Gypseous sand- 8"
Sand 4"
BH 26 Gypseous clayey 6" - - No sample
Gypsum 10"
Sand 6"
BH 27 Gypseous clay-2' - - No sample
Gypsum 8"
Sand 1'
Clay and sand-7'10"
BH 28 Sand l' Gypseous clay 5' 1 - - No sample
Gypsum 8"
Sand 9"
BH 29 Traces of gypsum in clay
BH 30 Sand 1'1" 55.65 27.09

Gypsum l'7"
35 GSI-WRO-13408
Sand 4"
BH 31 Sand 7" 76,39 12.00

Gypsum 3'1"
Sand l"
Gypseous sand 7"
Sand 4"
BH 32 Sand l' 80.20 11.21
Gypsum mixed with clay 5"
Gypsum 3'1"
Sand 6"
BH 33 Snow clay and sand blocks of with irregular Worked out area.
gypsum
BH 34 Sand 9" 7S.43 13.30 -
Gypsum 3'3"
Sand 4"
BH 35 Shows clay and sand blocks of with irregular Worked out area
gypsum
BE 36 Sand 2'1" 75.13 11.97 -
Gypsum l'4"
Sand 7"
36 GSI-WRO-13408
BH 39 Sand l'4" 73.45 15.72 -

Gypsum 3'4'' -
Sand 6"
BH 40 S HOWS traces of gypsum - -
BH 41 All clay and sand - - -
BH 42 Shows traces of gypsum - - -
BH 43 Shows traces of gyp - _
BH 44 Sand 1'6'' 60.06 23.12 -

Gypsum 2'7"
Sand 3"
BH 46 Shows traces of gypsum -
BH 46 Sand 1' 74,68 15-03 -

Gypsum 2'4"
5"
BH 47 Shows clay end sand with irregular - Worked out area
37 GSI-WRO-13408
blocks of gypsum
BH 48 Shorts clay and sand with irregular Worked out

Blocks of gypsum area
BH 49 Sand 2" 71.80 17.64
Gypsum - 2'9"
Sand 3"
EH 50 Sand - 1'10" 60.47 25-13
Gypsum - 1 5"
Sand - 4"
BH 51 All sand
BH 52 Shows traces of gypsum
BR 53 Sand - 8" 62.15 22.21

Gypsum - 2'1"
Sand - 3"
BH 54 Showa traces of gypsum -
BH 55 Shows traces of gypsum
BH 56 All sand
38 GSI-WRO-13408
APPENDIX – 6
(Reserves: 1,000,000 tons).
KAONI GYPSUM DEP0SIT PIT DETAIL REPORT
Pit No. Section CaSO 4 . 2H 2 O SiO 2 & Insol. Remarks
KN 1 Sand & Clay - 1'11" 67.28 19.49

Gypsum - 1" 1''
Clay & sand - l' 3"
KN 2 Sand & clay - 2' 4" 57,21 25.06
Gypsum - 1'
Clay - 3"
KN 3 Sand - 1' 6" 56,06 26,88
Clay - 1'11"
Gypsum - 11"
Clay - 3"
KN 4 KN 5 All clay and sand 59,29 23.53
Sand - l' 5" Clay - l' 3"
39 GSI-WRO-13408
KN 6 Sand - 9" 67.24 17.90

Clay - 1' 8"
Gypsum - 1' 6"
sand - 6"
KN 7 Shows traces of gypsum - -
KN 8 Sand - 6" 64.67 21.47

Clay - 1' 9"
Gypsum - 11"
Sand - 4"
KN 9 Clay and sand 1' 9" 65,40 25.22
Gypsum - 1' 9"
Sand - 4"
KN 10 Shows traces of gypsum - 4
KN 11 Shows traces of gypsum - -
KN 12 Sand and gypseous clay - 3' 40.21 S9.61

Gypsum - 3' 2"
Sand - 4"
KN 13 Sand - 1" 1" 76.50 12.64
Gypsum - 2' 8"
40 GSI-WRO-13408
Sand - 6"
KN 14 All clay and sand - -
KN l5 Sand - 2' 21.48 15.74

Gypsum - 3' 5"
Clay and sand- 3"
KN 16 Sand and clay - 1'9" 47,41 33.29 -
Gypsum - 1'2"
Clay - 5"
KN 17. Shows traces of gypsum -
KN 18 Sand - 1'3" 61.96 19.71 -

Clay - 2'
Gypsum - 3'6"
Clay - 3"
KN 19 Sand and clay- 1'7" 78.87 11.45 -
Gypsum - 3'9"
Sand - 4"
KN 20 All clay and sand -
KN 21 Shows traces of gypsum - - -
41 GSI-WRO-13408
KN 22 Clay & Sand - 2'1" 67.12 16.35 -

Gypsum - 2'7"
Sand - 4"
KN 23 Gypseous sand- 1'8" 75,65 11.53 -
Gypsum - 2'6"
Sand with thin layers of gypsum – 2'
KN 24 Sand - 10" 78.34 13.36 -
Gypsum - 4' 1"
Sand - 1"
KN 25 All sand -
KN 26 Sand - 1'3" 73.94 14.23 -

Gypsum - 2'10"
Sand - 3"
KN 27 Sand - 8" 82.64 8.93 -
Gypsum - 3'4"
Sand - 7"
KN 28 Shows traces of gypsum in the top
portions*
KN 29 Gypsum - 4'2" 82.16 9.68 -
Sand - 3"
42 GSI-WRO-13408
KN 30 Sand - 11" 83.51 9.01 -

Gypsum - 3' 3"
KN 31 All sand -
KN 32 Gypseous clay- 5" 79.45 13.29 -

Gypsum - 3'3"
Sand - 4"
KN 33 Shows irregular blocks of gypsum, in clay Worked out
KN 34 Sand - 9" 83.91 9.28 -

Gypsum -2'11"
Sand - 4''
KN 35 Sand - l'4" 77.42. 10.47 -
Gypsum - 3'8"
Sand - 7"
KN 36 Sand - 21" -46.82 31.56 -
Gypsum - 1'2"
Sand with thin layers of gypsum - l'8"
KN 37 Sand -1' 8" - No sample
Gypsum - 5"
Gypseous
sand -2' 5"
43 GSI-WRO-13408
KN 38 Gypseous 77.08 11.86 -

sand - 6"
Gypsum -3' 4"
Sand - 4"
KN 39 Sand - 7" 60.4l 25.26 -
Gypsum - 1' 2"
Sand -l'
KB 40 All sand - -
KN 41 Shows irregular blocks of gypsum in clay - Worked out

area.
KN 42 Traces of gypsum in sand and clay Worked out area
(?)
KN 43 -do- - -do-
KN 44 All sand - -do-
KN 45 Sand - 8" 71.93 13.74 -

Gypsum - 2'9"
Sand - 3"
KN 46 Sand - 1'3" 33.01 32.82 -
Gypsum - 2' 10"
44 GSI-WRO-13408
Gypseous
sand - 1'4"
Sand - 2"
KN 47 Sand - l'4" 51.25 21*09
Gypsum - 2'11"
Sand - 8"
KN 48 Sand - 7" 79.38 8.33
Gypsum - 2'6"
Sand - 4"
KN 49 Sand - 6" 75.05 17.24 -
Gypsum - 1'10"
Sand - 8"
KN 79 All sand
KN 80 All sand
KN 81 All sand
KN 82 All sand
KN 33 All sand
KN 34 All sand
45 GSI-WRO-13408
KN 85 Shows traces of gypsum
KN 88 Sand - 10" No sample

Gypsum - 6"
Gypseous sand - 1'
Gypsum 4"
Sand - 8"
KN 89 Sand - 5" 12.12
Gypsum - 2' 4" 79.94
Sand - 5"
KN 90 All sand -
KN 18A Sand - 1'11" 15. 1S

Gypsum -l' 69,58
Gypseous sand- 3'
Sand - 4"
KN 18B Sand -l' 3"- 24.21
Gypsum -1' 64,17
Gypseous sand -l' 3"
46 GSI-WRO-13408
Sand - 3"
APPENDIX - 7
JAIMALSAR GYPSUM DEPOSIT
PIE DETAIL REPORT
Pit No. Section, (%) CaSO 4 .2H 2 O % SiO 2 Insol. Remarks.
JM 1 All sand
JM 2 Shows traces of gypsum
JM 2A Shows traces of gypsum
JM 3 All sand
JM 4 All sand
JM 5 All sand
JM 6 Not dug
47 GSI-WRO-13408
Pit No. Section, (%) CaSO 4 .2H 2 O % SiO 2 Insol. Remarks.
JH 7 S HOW I rregular blocks of gypsum in clay Worked out area
JM 8 All sand
JM 9 All sand
KM 10 All sand
JM 11 All sand
JM 12 Not dug Section in a nearby quarry:
Sand - 8' 66.71 26.03

Gypsum -2'6"
Section in a quarry near JM 6
Sand - 2' 84.81 7.49
Gypsum - 1' 1"
48 GSI-WRO-13408
APPENDIX - 8
DANDLA GYPSUM DEPOSITS PIT DETAIL REPORT,
Gill pits not showing gypsum were taken to a minimum depth of 4')
Pit No. Section CaS0 4 .2H 2 O Sio 2 & Insol. (%) Remarks.
DLA 1 All clay and sand -
DLA 2 All clay and sand
DLA 3 Sand - 7" 67.45 18.65 -

Gypsum - 1'3"
Impure gypsum - l' 2"
DLA 4 Shows traces of gypsum
DLA 6 Shows irregular blocks of gypsum in clay Worked out
Section from quarry face 25' north of DLA 6 1
Gypsum - 3'4" 73.90 19.60

Sand - 2"
49 GSI-WRO-13408
DLA 7 Shows traces of gypsum in clay
DLA 13 Sand - 6" Gypsum - 7" Gypseous sand - l'1" No sample

Sand - 10"
DLA 15 Sand - 5" 67.45 12.54

Gypsum - 1' 4" x
Sand - 1'
DLA 16 Gypseous sand - 8" 80.77 5.51
Gypsum - 2' 1"
Gypseous sand - 2'
Sand - l' 1"
DLA 17 All sand
50 GSI-WRO-13408
DLA 19 Sand - 9" No sample

Gypsum - 10"
Gypseous sand - 1' 8"
Sand -l'
APPENDIX -9
ALI.ADDIN-KA-BERA GYPSUM DEPOSIT PIT DETAIL REPORT

(Reserves: 1,170,000 tons)
AKB 1 All sand
AKB 2 Sand - 3' 6" 81.92 10.99 -

G YPSUM - 2' 3"
Sand - 3"
51 GSI-WRO-13408
AKB 3. Shows traces of gypsum
AKB 4 Sand - 4" 88.36 6.57 -

Gypsum - 3'
Sand - 11"
AKB 5 Shows traces of gypsum
AKB 6 Sand - 2'9" No sample

Impure gypsum - l'
Sand 6"
AKB 7 Shows traces of gypsum
AKB 8 Sand - 5" 84.34 10.26 -

Gypsum - 6'5"
Sand - 1'3"
AKB 9 Gypseous sand - 3" 85.52 8.92 -
G YPSUM - 2'2"
Sand 7"
AKB 10 Gypseous sand - 4" 83.58 11.00 -
Gypsum - 2'4"
Sand - l'
52 GSI-WRO-13408
AKB 11 Sand - 1" 81.98 12.12'

Gypsum - l'11" -
Sand - 1'2"
AKB 11A Sand - l" 86.45 6.21 -
Gypsum - 1' 3"
Sand - 10"
AKB 12 Sand - 7" 87.02 8.28
Gypsum - 3' 4''
Sand - 1'2"
AKB 13 Gypsum - 3' 83.24 11.36 2" thick sand layer eliminated in
Gypseous sand - 1' 2" sampling
Sand - 8"
AKB 14 Gypseous sand - 4" 82.08 12.91
Gypsum - I' 4"
Sand
AKB15 Gypseous sand - 9" 82.80 12.18
Gypsum - 1"11"
Sand - 3"
AKB 16A Shows traces of gypsum
53 GSI-WRO-13408

Gypsum - 2"2"
Sand - 6"
AKB 16A Sand - 10" 79.15 9.57
Gypsum -1' 5"
Sand " - 1' 8"
AKB 17 Sand with layers 83.83 11.67
of Gypsum - 7"
Gypsum - 1'11"
Sand -1'
Gypsum - 4' 7"
Sand - 2"
AKB 19 Sand - 6" 84.64 8.96
Gypsum - 6"
Sand - 3"
Gypsum -1' 5"
Sand - 1' 4''
AKB 19A Sand - 1' 1" 80.44 7.39
Gypsum - 2' 5"
Sand - 6"
54 GSI-WRO-13408
AKB 20 Sand - 2" 86.19 7.47

Gypsum - 3' 3".
Sand - 1' l"
AKB 21 Sand - 6" 81.18 12.62
Gypsum -1'11"
Gypseous
sand -1' 2"
AKB 22 All sand

Gypsum -8' 7"
Sand - 6"
AKB 24 Sand - 3" 79.76 14.68
Gypsum - 3' 2"
Sand - 4"
55 GSI-WRO-13408
APPENDIX - 10
HANSUWALI GYPSUM DEPOSIT PIT DETAIL REPORT

(Reserves: 20,000 tons) (All pits not showing gypsum were taken to a minimum depth of 4')
Pit No. Section. CaSO 4 .2H 2 O SiO 2 & Insol. Remarks
HSW 1 Sand - 5" 67.15 26.52

Gypsum -1' 6"
Gypseous sand-1' 7"
HSW 2 All sand
HSW 3 Sand - 7" 79.35 14.44

Gypsum -3' 5"
Sand - 11"
HSW 4 All sand
HSW 5 Sand - 7" 76.98 12.71

Gypsum - 1' 4"
Gypseous clay above and sand -1’ 5"
HSW 6 All sand
56 GSI-WRO-13408
HSW 7 All sand
HSW 8 Sand 65,86 28.70

Gypsum -1' 3"
Sand - 4"
HSW 9 All clay
HSW 10 All sand
HSW 11 All sand
57 GSI-WRO-13408
APPENDIX - 11
NAUSHERA GYPSUM DEPOSIT PIT DETAIL REPORT

(ill pits not showing gypsum were taken to a minimum depth of 4')
NSH 1 Sand - 4" 78.84 6.59 -

Gypsum -2' 2"
Sand - 4"
NSH 2 All sand
NSH 3 All sand
NSH 4 Sand - 2" 82.24 6,86 -

Gypsum - 2' 5"
Sand - 4"
NSH 5 Shows gypseous clay
NSH 6 Sand - 1" 83.37 7.23 -

Gypsum -2'10"
Sand - 4"
58 GSI-WRO-13408
NSH 7 All sand
NSH 8 Sana - 2" 80.,26 9.43

Gypsum - 2' 2"
Sand - 5"
NSH 9 Sand - 7" 78.92 7.27 2" layer of land eliminated in
Gypsum -1' sampling
Sand - 5"
NSH 10 Sand with decomposed gypsum - 7" 86.43 6.33
Gypsum - 7'
Sand - 5"
NSH 11 Shows gypseous clay -
NSH 12 All sand
NSH 13 Sand -l' 85.34 7.58 -

Gypsum -5' 9"
Sand - 3"
NSH 14 Sand with decomposed gypsum - 4" 83.69 5.10 —
Gypsum -3'
Sand - 3"
NSH 15 Sand - 8" 81.37 9.44 -
59 GSI-WRO-13408
Gypsum -l' 8"

Sand - 6"
NSH 16 All sand
NSH 17 All sand
NSH 18 Sand -1'7" 78.28 9.42 -

Sand - 3'
NSH 19 Sand - 8" 86.53 5.35 -
Sand - 9"
NSH 20 Sand With decomposed gypsum - 4" 82.74 7.85 -
Gypsum -1'7"
APPENDIX - 12
SIASAR GYPSUM DEPOSIT PIT DETAIL REPORT

(Reserves:- 361,000 tons)
Pit No, Section. CaSO 4 .2H 2 O SiO 2 Insol. Remarks
60 GSI-WRO-13408
SIS 1 Sand with decomposed gypsum - 7 11 86.13 5.65 -

Gypsum -5"
Sand - 5"
SIS 2 Sand - 7" 74.44 16.58 -
Gypsum - 3'2"
Send - 7"
SIS 3 Shows traces of gypsum
SIS 5 Sand - 3" 85.99 8.17 -

Gypsum - 1' 5"
Sand - 2"
SIS 6 Sand with decomposed 88.93 5.26 -
gypsum - 9"
Gypsum - 4' 6"
Sand - 9"
SIS 7 'Sand - 3" 86.02 6.95 -
Gypsum - 2' 3"
Sand - 10"
61 GSI-WRO-13408
SIS 9 All sand
SIS 10 Shows gypseous clay
SIS 13 Sand - 4" 86.54 7.54 -

Gypsum -1'11"
Sand - 3'
SIS 14 Sand - 4" 84.38 8.63 -
Gypsum - 4'
Sand - 4"
SIS 15 Shows irregular blocks of gypsum In clay - Worked out area
SIS 16 -do- -do-
SIS 17 Shows gypseous clay
SIS 13 Shows irregular blocks of gypsum in clay Worked out area -do-
SIS 20 Sand - 8" - No sample

Gypsum - 7"
Sand -1' 9"
62 GSI-WRO-13408
SIS 21 All sand
SIS 22 All sand
SIS 23 Sand - 5'' 84.06 9,84

Gypsum -3' 3"
Sand 10"
SIS 26 Sand -1' 61,22 29.57

Gypsum - 1' 5"
Sand - 4"
SIS 27 Sand l' 7" 63.93 25.35
Gypsum 1'
Sand 2"
63 GSI-WRO-13408
APPENDIX - 13
Copy of memorandum No. FPG-3(5) dated 29th June 1951 from the
Office of the Gypsum Development Officer, (Fertiliser Project), Ministry of
Works, Production and Supply, Government of India.
1. The following gypsum deposits are earmarked for the different parties
to be explored by them during the current field season, 1951-52.
Besides these deposits, if it is learnt locally that some other deposit

also lies in the vicinity that should be taken up, after informing this office,
along with the earmarked deposits.
The division of work is as follows:-
l) For the party to be headed by Shri S.K. Sinha, Assistant Geologist:
Name of the gypsum

Sl. No. Tehsil Division
deposit.
1) Jamboo Phalodi Jodhpur
2) Chiri “ “
3) Motai “ “
4) Nokh Jaisalmer
5) Bithnok Bikaner
6) Nokha Mandi “
7) Pahchu “
8) Janglu “
9) Rohra “
10) Nain-ki-Basti “
64 GSI-WRO-13408
2) For the party to be headed by Shri G.G.K. Shastri, Assistant Geologist of
the Geological Survey of India.
1) Jagdeowala No. 1 Bikaner
2) Jagdeowala No 2 "
3) Cholera “
4) Bharru "
5) Kaoni "
6) Jaimalsar "
7) Pugal "
8) Kalu "
9) Saniwala "
10) Sudsar "
3) For the party to be headed by Shri Radha Kishen, Surveyor.
1) Nanglod Jodhpur
2) Khairat "
3) Bhaddana "
4) Malgon "
5) Chotisira “
6) Titri "
7) Jiwan Sari "
8) Kaonlesar "
9) Dakoria "
65 GSI-WRO-13408
2. Each party is requested to draw out its programme for the exploration of the
deposits mentioned above and to make necessary arrangements.
APPENDIX - 13
3. After the completion of the above deposits, the following deposits in

the vicinity of Suratgarh area, Bikaner Division, will also have to be explored.
1) Suratgarh deposit Bikaner Dn.

2) Baropal " "
3) Jakharwali "
4) Nohar " "
4. In view of the heavy programme that has been chalked out for this year
and early commencement of monsoon in Rajasthan this year, all parties are
requested to complete their arrangements and start the field work at the
earliest. . Sd/- D. P. Garge, Gypsum Development Officer, Fertiliser Project.
66 GSI-WRO-13408
67 GSI-WRO-13408

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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA

REPORT ON THE PROSPECTING OF THE BHRRU, KAUNI,

Geological Survey of India

REPORT ON THE PROSPECTING OF THE BHRRU, KAUNI,

Geological Survey of India

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE GYPSUM

2) Jagdeowala No.1 Deposit 2

3) Jagdeowala No,-2 Deposit 2

10) Alladdin-Ka-Bera Deposit 6

11) Hansuwali Deposit 7

12) Naushera Deposit 7

IV. OTHER DEPOSITS VISITED 9

V AGE AND ORIGIN OF THE GYPSUM 9

VI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 9

1. Pit detail report OF Saniwiala deposit

2. Jagdeowala No. 2 deposit

10. Hansuwali deposit

I. COMMUNICATIONS MAP OF RAJASTHAN (1" to 38 miles)

II. SANIWALA GYPSUM DEPOSIT (l" to 500 feet)

III. JAGDEOWALA No, 2 GYSUM DEPOSIT ("

IV HARKASAR GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)

VI, KAONI and JAIMALSAR GYPSUH DEPOSIT (-"-)

VIII DANIDLE GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)

VIII. ALLADDIN-KA-BERA GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)

IX. HANSUWALI GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)

X. NAUSHERA GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)

XI. SIASAR GYPSUM DEPOSIT (-"-)

The detailed exploration of the gypsum depositsion Jodhpur and

Kalu (28°23: 73°53'30"), Sudsar (28°0': 73°46'), Nain-Ki-Basti (27°53:

I wish, to place on record ay gratefulness to the Gypsum Development

1. NOTREDABAL (PLATE II)

The Saniwala gypsum deposit is situated about 8 miles north of the

Gypsum in the deposit occurs in a fine-grained, bedded form, white to

2. JAGDEOWALA NO. 1. DEPOSIT:

This deposit is situated about it miles north-east of Jagdeowala railway

Sand (average). 2'

On analysis, the gypsum has shown a CaSO 4 . 2H 2 O percentage of

3. JAGDEOWALA No. 2 DEPOSIT (PLATE III)

This deposit is situated about 3 miles south-west of Jagdeowala

The occurrence of gypsum in this deposit is similar to that in the above

4. HARKASAR DEPOSIT (PLATE IV)

The Harkasar gypsum deposit is situated about 61 miles west of

Bikaner-Bhatinda section of the Northern railway, west of the sand

From surface indications, it appears that the deposit was originally

The overburden of sand and clay has a thickness of a few inches to

Chemical analyses of gypsum from the deposit show that the

This deposit is situated about 21 miles south-south-west of Dholera

6. BHARRU DEPOSIT (PALIS V)

This deposit lies about a mile north of Bharru village (28°12'30" ;

It is in a depression surrounded by sand dunes. Only in the south-western

The occurrence of gypsumrat Bharru differs from that in the other

The total reserves of gypsum available in the Bharru deposit, including

7, KAONI DEPOSIT (PLATE VI).

Gypsum in the Kaoni deposit occurs in the crystalline, fine-grained

Analyses of samples from this deposit indicate in general a poorer

North of the main deposit, the ground shows blocks of decomposed

8. JAIMALSAR DEPOSIT (PLATE VI)

9. DANDLA. DEPOSIT (PLATE VII)

Area ... 1025,000 square feet 787,500 square feet