2 Algebraic Expressions - Midterm
2 Algebraic Expressions - Midterm
2 Algebraic Expressions - Midterm
Midterm
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Phrase Translates to: Phrase Translates to: Phrase Translates to: Phrase Translates to:
sum of x and 12 x+12 difference of x and 12 x-12 product of x and 12 12x quotient of x and 12 x/12
4 greater than b b+4 4 less than b b-4 4 times b 4b 4 divided by b 4/b
6 more than y y+6 7 subtracted from y y-7 twice r 2r the ratio of 44 to r 44/r
44 plus r 44+r 44 minus r 44-r
3 larger than z z+3 3 smaller than z z-3
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Examples: Examples:
1. “120 larger than z” z+120 5. Thewidth of a rectangle is 14 cm shorter than its
2. “51 less than m” m-51 length L. Express the width of the rectangle in terms of its
3. “t decreased by 19” t-19 length L. W=L-14
4. Let x represent the width of the rectangle. The length represented
by y of a rectangle is 15 feet longer than its width. Express the length
of the rectangle in terms of its width x. 6. A wood measures 25 inches is cut into two pieces.
Let x represent the length of one of the resulting pieces.
y=x+15
Express the length of the second piece in terms of the
length x of the first piece.
length of 2nd piece= 25-x
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M101 – College and Advanced Algebra
Midterm
Examples: Combinations
7. “15 times x,” 15x • Some phrases require combinations of the mathematical
operations
8. “quotient of y and 8” y/8
Example:
9. “thrice w.” 3w
1. The second number y is 4 more than twice the first number.
10. A plumber has a pipe of unknown length L. He cuts it Express the second number in terms of the first number, x.
into 6 equal pieces. Find the length of each piece in terms
of the unknown length L. y=2x+4
Length of each piece= L/6
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Combinations
Example:
2. A first number x is 2 less than 5 times the second number.
Express the first number in terms of the second number y.
ALGEBRAIC
x=5x-2 EXPRESSIONS
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M101 – College and Advanced Algebra
Midterm
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Algebraic Expressions
• Variable - a symbol that doesn't have a fixed value and can take any value.
• a,b, x, y, z, m
• Constant - a symbol that has a fixed numerical value. All numbers are constants.
• 16, 9, -(1/4), √7
• Term - a variable alone (or) a constant alone (or) it can be a combination of variables and
constants by the operation of multiplication or division.
• 9x2, -(4y/3), √(7x)
• Coefficients - the numbers that are multiplying the variables.
• 9, -43, and 7.
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Algebraic Expressions
• To simplify an algebraic expression:
• For each algebraic expression, identify the number of terms. Then list • combine the like terms.
the coefficients and any constant terms. • combined together the same powers.
Simplifying Example: y3 + 5y2 − 2y3 + 6y − y2 + 8 − 7y
Expressions No. of Coefficients Constant Variables Algebraic • = (y3 − 2y3) + (5y2 − y2) + (6y − 7y) + 8
• = −y3 + 4y2 - y + 8
1. 7a + 21
terms
2 7 21 a
Expressions • Hence, the algebraic expression y3 + 5y2 −
2. 5x + 3y – 2z + 4 4 5, 3, -2 4 x,y,z 2y3 + 6y − y2 + 8 − 7y simplifies to −y3 +
3. ¼ x 1 1/4 None x
4y2 - y + 8
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M101 – College and Advanced Algebra
Midterm
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M101 – College and Advanced Algebra
Midterm
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M101 – College and Advanced Algebra
Midterm
Board Work
• Simplify the following:
• 1. 8x2 + 3x2 + 4x2 = 15x2
• 2. -2(7x -8y + 2y)=-14x+16y-4y=-14x+12y
• 3. (3a – 2b) + (4a -6b + c) =7a-8b+c
• 4. 5[3x + 2(5 – x)}=5(3x+10-2x)=15x+50-10=15x+40
• 5. { 9a – (3b + a + c)} – 4{2b + 3c}=(9a-3b-a-c)-8b-12c=8a-11b-13c
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