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Ultrasound field from a focused array of transducers can be computer by �
A. Fresnel formula
B. Fraunhofer formula
C. Fourier transformation
ANSWER: B
The effect of aperture apodization is to �

A. Suppress side lobes magnitude
B. Increase main lobe width
C. Both of the above
ANSWER: C
Phase aberration correction has a great value when the imaging in � mediA.
A. Homogeneous
B. Inhomogeneous
C. Scattering
ANSWER: B
M-mode acquires and displays � with time.

A. A single B-mode line
B. A sample volume
C. An azimuthal line
ANSWER: A
Doppler-mode computes and displays a spectrogram from � with time.

A. A single B-mode line
B. A sample volume
C. An azimuthal line
ANSWER: B
Parseval�s theorem means that �

A. Energy can be computed from either the spatial or spatial frequency domains.
B. Area of spatial domain can be computed from spatial frequency domains.
C. Standard deviation of spatial domain is the same as that of the spatial
frequency domain.
ANSWER: A
To detect a Doppler shift of 1 KHz using PW-Doppler with ultrasound center

frequency of 5 MHz without aliasing, the pulse repetition rate should not be less
than �
A. 2 kHz
B. 2 MHz
C. 10 MHz
ANSWER: A
Phase array ultrasound imaging probes generate sector images using �

A. Focusing
B. Steering
C. Mechanical motion
ANSWER: B
4D ultrasound imaging means �

A. Two perpendicular 2D slices spanning a volume.
B. Volume imaging with time.
C. Image display with time and frequency.
ANSWER: B
The shown ultrasound image is for �

A. B-mode ultrasound
B. Color flow mapping
C. Triplex mode
ANSWER: A
Phase aberration correction methods rely mainly on �

A. Correlation
B. Interpolation
C. Focusing and steering delay terms
ANSWER: A
Harmonic imaging is preferred because it offers better � than fundamental

frequency.
A. axial resolution
B. azimuthal resolution
C. elevation resolution
ANSWER: B
Concurrent multi-line acquisition is utilized in ultrasound imaging to obtain �

A. Better SNR
B. Better spatial resolution
C. Better beam pattern
ANSWER: A
Scalar diffraction theory is valid for medical ultrasound imaging because �

A. Observations are near and aperture is large compared to wavelength
B. Observations are far and aperture is small compared to wavelength
C. Observations are far and aperture is large compared to wavelength
ANSWER: C
The computation of the beam in the near field of a focused aperture is done using �
A. Fresnel formula
B. Fraunhofer formula
C. Huygen�s principle
ANSWER: B
It is not very useful to increase the number of channels beyond 128 elements due to
�
A. Errors from phase aberration
B. Cost increases a lot beyond 128 elements
C. Size of system becomes too big
ANSWER: A
Apodization serves to �
A. Increase main lobe magnitude
B. Decrease side lobe magnitude
C. Increase main lobe width
ANSWER: B
Effect of grating lobes can be suppressed by controlling � of array probe.

A. Kerf
B. Element width
C. Element height
ANSWER: A
Dynamic focusing offers � for each point.

A. Accurate receive focusing
B. Accurate transmit focusing
C. Accurate transmit and receiving focusing
ANSWER: A
Acquiring an ultrasound image with 4 transmit focal zones result in �
A. Better axial resolution
B. Better image uniformity
C. Reduced frame rate
ANSWER: C
Phase array differs from linear array in that it has �

A. A number of elements equal to the beamformer number of channels
B. A number of elements much higher than the beamformer number of channels
C. Elements much closer together
ANSWER: A
The main source of useful signal information in Doppler ultrasound is �

A. Reflection from blood vessel walls
B. Scattering from RBCs
C. Reflection from blood flow
ANSWER: B
Coded excitation can be used to �

A. Improve lateral resolution
B. Lower grating lobes
C. Increase penetration depth
ANSWER: C
Ultrasound beam compounding is used to �

A. Suppress speckle
B. Increase SNR
C. Increase spatial resolution
ANSWER: A
2D ultrasound imaging arrays are used to allow �

A. Better elevation beamforming
B. Better lateral imaging
C. Better axial beamforming
ANSWER: A
Hadamard encoding is simple to use because �

A. It has a simple decoding process
B. It is easy to implement in hardware
C. Both of the above
ANSWER: C
Doppler formula for many randomly positioned scatterers in the blood is derived
using �
A. Doppler shift formula integration
B. Central limit theorem
C. Fourier transformation
ANSWER: B
In the Doppler spectrogram, there is a trade-off between �

A. Time and frequency resolutions
B. Pulse repetition period and frequency resolution
C. Doppler pulse length and time resolution
ANSWER: A
Clutter in Doppler ultrasound can be removed by using �

A. High-pass filter.
B. Low-pass filter.
C. Band-reject filter.
ANSWER: A
In color flow mapping, the main technique used to compute the mean velocity is �
A. Fourier transformation
B. Cross-correlation method
C. Doppler shift
ANSWER: B
Laproscopic application in ultrasound imaging is used to �

A. Imaging of the interior of arteries and veins
B. Imaging of internal organs
C. Guide and evaluate laparoscopic surgery
ANSWER: C
Multi-frequency probes use �

A. Different center frequencies/bandwidth within the probe bandwidth
B. Different probe center frequencies/bandwidth beyond probe bandwidth
C. Harmonics of the probe center frequency.
ANSWER: A
The intensity of the B-mode ultrasound image corresponds to �

A. Received signal after beamforming
B. Envelope of received signal after beamforming
C. Quadrature demodulated beams after beamforming
ANSWER: B
Speckle pattern differs from noise in that �

A. It has a courser size components
B. It cannot be removed by averaging
C. It does not vary from one location to another
ANSWER: B

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Ultrasound field from a focused array of transducers can be computer by �

The effect of aperture apodization is to �

M-mode acquires and displays � with time.

Doppler-mode computes and displays a spectrogram from � with time.

Parseval�s theorem means that �

To detect a Doppler shift of 1 KHz using PW-Doppler with ultrasound center

Phase array ultrasound imaging probes generate sector images using �

4D ultrasound imaging means �

The shown ultrasound image is for �

Phase aberration correction methods rely mainly on �

Harmonic imaging is preferred because it offers better � than fundamental

Concurrent multi-line acquisition is utilized in ultrasound imaging to obtain �

Scalar diffraction theory is valid for medical ultrasound imaging because �

Effect of grating lobes can be suppressed by controlling � of array probe.

Dynamic focusing offers � for each point.

Phase array differs from linear array in that it has �

The main source of useful signal information in Doppler ultrasound is �

Coded excitation can be used to �

Ultrasound beam compounding is used to �

2D ultrasound imaging arrays are used to allow �

Hadamard encoding is simple to use because �

In the Doppler spectrogram, there is a trade-off between �

Clutter in Doppler ultrasound can be removed by using �

Laproscopic application in ultrasound imaging is used to �

Multi-frequency probes use �

The intensity of the B-mode ultrasound image corresponds to �

Speckle pattern differs from noise in that �

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