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    CV2019 TW8 Solution

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    新山宽中时事校队
    The document discusses mathematical modeling and numerical methods. It provides examples of using the Euler method to model falling objects and decay processes. Equations are derived for velocity under gravity near a cliff edge and for temperature decay over time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    CV2019 TW8 Solution

    Uploaded by

    新山宽中时事校队
    13 views17 pages
    The document discusses mathematical modeling and numerical methods. It provides examples of using the Euler method to model falling objects and decay processes. Equations are derived for velocity under gravity near a cliff edge and for temperature decay over time.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    The document discusses mathematical modeling and numerical methods. It provides examples of using the Euler method to model falling objects and decay processes. Equations are derived for velocity under gravity near a cliff edge and for temperature decay over time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views17 pages

    CV2019 TW8 Solution

    Uploaded by

    新山宽中时事校队
    The document discusses mathematical modeling and numerical methods. It provides examples of using the Euler method to model falling objects and decay processes. Equations are derived for velocity under gravity near a cliff edge and for temperature decay over time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    CV2019 – Matrix Algebra &

    Computational Methods

    Tutorial 4 – Mathematical Modelling

    Tutorial slides are based on Prof Zhu Feng’s version 1


    2
    Chapter 1, Page 5:

    3
    dv c
    =g− v
    dt m
    v (t + t ) − v (t ) c
    Euler method : = g − v (t )
    t m

    10
    v (t + t ) = v (t ) + [9.8 − v (t )]t Eq(1)
    80

    50
    v (t + t ) = v (t ) + [9.8 − v (t )]t Eq( 2)
    80
    4
    Chute closed Chute opened
    t v dv/dt t v dv/dt
    0 -20.0000 12.3000 10 52.5134 -23.0209
    1 -7.7000 10.7625 11 29.4925 -8.6328
    2 3.0625 9.4172 12 20.8597 -3.2373 ×
    3 12.4797 8.2400 13 17.6224 -1.2140 ×
    4 20.7197 7.2100 14 16.4084 -0.4552
    5 27.9298 6.3088 15 15.9531 -0.1707
    6 34.2385 5.5202 16 15.7824 -0.0640
    7 39.7587 4.8302 17 15.7184 -0.0240
    8 44.5889 4.2264 18 15.6944 -0.0090
    9 48.8153 3.6981 19 15.6854 -0.0034
    20 15.6820 -0.0013

    5
    T4- Q2

    R2
    g ( x) = g (0)
    ( R + x) 2


    6
    T4- Q2

    dv dv dx
    =
    dt dx dt

    7
    T4- Q2

    dv R2
    m = −mg (0) − cv
    dt ( R + x) 2
    Dividing by mass gives
    dv R2 c
    = − g (0) − v ∑F
    dt ( R + x) 2 m

    𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣
    = =𝑣
    𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥

    dv g (0) R 2
    =−
    dx v ( R + x) 2
    8
    T4-Q2

    R2
    vdv = − g (0) dx
    ( R + x) 2

    v2 R2
    = g ( 0) +C
    2 R+x

    v02 R2
    = g ( 0) +C
    2 R+0

    C = v 20 / 2 − g(0)R

    v2 R2 v02 R2
    = g (0) + − g (0) R or v =  v + 2 g (0)
    2
    − 2 g (0) R
    R+x
    0
    2 R+ x 2

    9
    T4-Q2 dv g (0) R 2
    =−
    dx v ( R + x) 2
    g (0) R2
    v( xi +1 ) = v( xi ) + [− ](xi +1 − xi )
    v( xi ) ( R + xi ) 2

    9.8 (6.37  106 ) 2


    v(10,000) = 1,400 + [− ](10,000 − 0) = 1,400 + (−0.007)10,000 = 1,330
    1,400 (6.37  106 + 0) 2

    x v dv/dx v-analytical
    0 1400 -0.007 1400
    10000 1330 -0.00735 1328.272
    20000 1256.547 -0.00775 1252.688
    30000 1179.042 -0.00823 1172.5
    40000 1096.701 -0.00882 1086.688
    50000 1008.454 -0.00957 993.796
    60000 912.783 -0.01054 891.612
    70000 807.413 -0.01188 776.473
    80000 688.661 -0.01388 641.439
    90000 549.864 -0.01733 469.65
    100000 376.568 -0.02523 174.033
    10
    T4-Q2

    (6.37  106 ) 2
    v = 1,400 + 2(9.8)
    2
    − 2(9.8)(6.37  10 6
    ) = 1,328.272
    (6.37  106 + 10,000) 2

    11
    T4-Q3

    dV
    = −kA
    dt

    12
    T4-Q3
    4r 3
    V=  (1)
    3
    3V
    r =3 (2)
    4

    A = 4r 2  (3)

    3V 2 / 3
    A = 4 ( )
    4

    dV 3V
    = −k 4 ( ) 2 / 3  (4)
    dt 4

    4r 3 4 (3) 3
    V= = = 113 .0973
    3 3
    13
    T4-Q3

    𝑑𝑉 3𝑉
    = −𝑘4𝜋( )2/3
    t V dV/dt 𝑑𝑡 4𝜋
    0 113.0973 -11.3097
    𝑉 𝑡𝑖+1 − 𝑉(𝑡𝑖 ) 3𝑉(𝑡𝑖 ) 2/3
    0.25 110.2699 -11.1204 ≅ −𝑘4𝜋( )
    0.5 107.4898 -10.9327 𝑡𝑖+1 − 𝑡𝑖 4𝜋
    0.75 104.7566 -10.7466
    1 102.0700 -10.5621 𝑉 𝑡𝑖+1 ≅
    3𝑉(𝑡𝑖 ) 2/3
    … 𝑉(𝑡𝑖 ) − 𝑘4𝜋( ) (𝑡𝑖+1 − 𝑡𝑖 )
    4𝜋
    9 38.29357 -5.49416
    9.25 36.92003 -5.36198 𝑉 𝑡𝑖+1 ≅
    9.5 35.5795 -5.2314 𝑉(𝑡𝑖 ) − 0.4836(𝑉(𝑡𝑖 ))2/3 (𝑡𝑖+1 − 𝑡𝑖 )
    9.75 34.27169 -5.1024
    10 32.99609 -4.97499

    𝑉1 = 113.0973+ −11.3097 x 0.25


    = 110.2699
    14
    T4-Q3

    3(32.99609)
    r =3 = 1.9897
    4

    (3 − 1.9897)mm mm
    k= = 0.10103
    10 min min

    15
    T4-Q4

    dT
    = −k (T − Ta )
    dt
    °

    ° °

    16
    T4-Q4

    t T dT/dt Tanalytical
    0 68 -0.799 68.0000
    1 67.201 -0.78542 67.2078
    2 66.41558 -0.77206 66.4289
    70
    3 65.64352 -0.75894 65.6631
    4 64.88458 -0.74604 64.9102 68
    5 64.13854 -0.73336 64.1701 66
    6 63.40519 -0.72089 63.4424 64
    7 62.6843 -0.70863 62.7270 62
    8 61.97566 -0.69659 62.0236
    60
    9 61.27908 -0.68474 61.3321
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    10 60.59433 -0.6731 60.6522
    T T_analytical
    17

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