TEST 2 (UNIT 10) - KEY

I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. flora B. fauna C. conservation D. delta
2. A. species B. forest C. explore D. experience
3. A. pangolin B. endangered C. kangaroo D. mangrove
Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
4. A. tropical B. waterway C. freshwater D. employment
5. A. overuse B. amazing C. introduce D. disappear

II. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.

6. Many organisations have criticized the _____ of natural resources.
A. overuse B. overvalue C. overview D. overweight
7. Although humans may have the longest lifespan of any _____, giant tortoises have the longest recorded
lives among vertebrates.
A. reptile B. fauna C. mammal D. amphibian
8. The human body is a very complex _____.
A. living B. organist C. organism D. organisation
9. These factors may be affected by _____ components of the environment such as water supply or
nutrient levels in the soil.
A. living B. non-living C. alive D. lively
10. The Amazon river basin contains the world’s largest tropical _____ with a large number of species.
A. vegetation B. wood C. rainforest D. foliage
11. Farmers and fishermen have been waiting for the annual _____ season to earn more money as the
water is expected to wash away saline residue and protect aquatic resources.
A. flood B. water C. rain D. flooding
12. Ca Mau Province has the longest navigable _____ in the Mekong Delta - over 7,000 kilometres.
A. waterline B. waterfront C. waterway D. watercourse
13. Many habitats such as _____ and wetlands are disappearing fast.
A. mangroves B. areas C. suburbs D. regions
14. These _____ are designed to reduce pollution.
A. actions B. quantities C. measures D. levels
15. Try to keep a(n) _____ between hunters and prey in the nature.
A. equality B. right C. dominance D. balance

III. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word below. There are some extra words.
species nature riches habitats
conservation biodiversity ecosystems change
Ways to Protect Biodiversity
Variety is the spice of life, an old saying goes. Without a variety of life or biodiversity,
ecosystems suffer. Damaging biodiversity means damaging 16 ___ecosystems ______ and human life is
affected, too.
Unfortunately, human activities have harmed the world’s biodiversity. Too much fishing and
hunting, destruction and damage to 17 ___habitats ____, pollution, climate change - all these threaten
biodiversity. Fortunately, some damage can be reserved through restoration of an area’s habitat. Restoring
a habitat provides the foundation for 18 ____biodiversity ______. The species that should be living in an
area can increase in numbers. Even in urban areas, restoring native plants can provide food and shelter for
native animal and insect 19 ____species _____.
Human activities are reducing biodiversity at a rate 1,000 times faster than has happened over the
last 65 million years. The Earth can’t sustain biodiversity under such conditions. Practising sustainability
means using resources more wisely so that the Earth can maintain its 20 ___riches ____. For instance,
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anyone can buy organic products, which reduces habitat damage by eliminating harmful pesticides and
fertilizers. Energy-efficient products consume less energy and also protect resources.

IV. Choose a word from the list to combine with the preposition to form a compound noun.
clear turn hand press lie work
21. The lecturer distributed _____handouts ______-outs before she started speaking.
22. Jack does a daily ____workout ______-out at the gym, starting with 20 _____press-ups ______-ups.
23. He’s giving his office a major _____clear-out _______-out this week.
24. I love having a _____lie-in _______-in on Sundays.
25. There was a surprising large ______turn-out _______-out at the concert.

V. Choose the word among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Conservation
Conservation concerns man’s safeguarding and preservation of natural resources and his
responsibility 26 _______ improving the 27 _______ conditions in which he lives. An important task of 28
_______ is the prevention of waste - waste of forests, soil, minerals, wildlife and human life.
Trees help to preserve land because 29 _______ roots bind the soil and retain water. 30 _______
trees, heavy rains will cause soil erosion and the remaining land become poor and worthless. Terrible
floods often occur in the areas 31 _______ trees are cut down in great quantity. Forest conservation also
means the prevention of bush fires and the attention to planting and looking 32 _______ new, young trees.
Not only should man preserve forests but he should 33 _______ realize the importance of wild life
protection. Unless governments have good system of control or pass laws restricting the hunting and
fishing of rare animals, they will slowly disappear.
Natural resources such as coal, gas and mineral ores are 34 _______. But the need for them is
growing day by day. To conserve them, we must use them wisely and look for 35 _______ materials.
26. A. to B. for C. of D. about
27. A. environment B. environmental C. nature D. creature
28. A. prevention B. determination C. conservation D. conversation
29. A. those B. their C. that D. its
30. A. No B. None C. Never D. Without
31. A. where B. which C. that D. the
32. A. for B. up C. after D. over
33. A. even B. just C. also D. together
34. A. unlimited B. limited C. limiting D. unlimiting
35. A. different B. changed C. various D. alternative

VI. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
Many countries, particularly the developing ones, have more natural resources than they need for
their own use. These countries have made use of their raw materials by selling them to buy technological
goods that they are unable to produce for themselves. Few nations have been willing to consider that
these resources would come to an end. However, with increasing consumption and such unreasonable
methods of harvesting as clearing, strip mining, the world’s stock of resources has been disappearing
rapidly.
The world is now conscious that natural resources are not only vanishing but also having serious
effects on our planet. Today, countries are seeking to develop policies that balance the need to protect and
preserve the environment with the need for the economic development of their countries.
Fining companies that contaminate or damage the environment helps to limit the use of chemicals
and the consumption of raw materials so that they are used economically and efficiently. Enforcing
realistic reforestation regulations results in the renewal of resources. Policies such as these will ensure
that the earth supports the population without ecosystems being destroyed in the process.

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36. Why have the world’s resources been rapidly disappearing?
A. Through the effects of global warming
B. Through a process of natural decline
C. Because people are consuming more, and wasteful harvesting methods are used.
D. Because pollution is destroying them.
37. Which countries typically have more natural resources than they can use directly?
A. Developing countries B. Asian countries
C. Highly developed countries D. European countries
38. What do developing countries often have to import or buy from abroad?
A. Natural resources B. Fuel
C. Technological goods D. Basic food items
39. Which two needs are countries trying to balance?
A. Protection of the environment and preservation of the environment
B. Development and economic well-being
C. Economic development and environmental protection
D. Political stability and pollution
40. For a better environment, how should raw materials be used?
A. As inexpensively as possible B. Never use them
C. Unreasonably D. Economically and efficiently

VII. Complete the dialogue with the phrases below. There is one extra phrase that you do not need.
A. have been certified
B. damage the ozone layer, the environment and add to air pollution
C. promotes the use of less electricity and save our bills
D. use batteries that are rechargeable
E. store these products for recycling
F. affect habitats negatively when left alone
Phong: We can do some simple things around our house to live ‘green’.
Nick: You’re right. First, we should turn lights off after leaving a room. This practice 41 ____C. promotes
the use of less electricity and save our bills_____.
Lan: And we should recycle all paper and cardboard products. We can 42 _____E. store these products for
recycling_________ and benefit the environment because they can be used to make various items.
Linda: What about our neighbourhood? We should pick up litter from parks, yards and gardens in the
community. Many of them are not biodegraded and can 43 _______F. affect habitats negatively when left
alone_______.
Phong: We can go ‘green’ with our food, too. We should buy seafood items that 44 _____A. have been
certified_______. These are normally fish that come from sustainable fisheries.
Nick: Every day we use a lot of energy. We should 45 ____D. use batteries that are rechargeable_______.
This practice not only cuts your costs of buying batteries but reduces lead and other metals used in them
as well.

VIII. Write sentences about restoring coral reefs, using the words given.
46. coral reefs / protect / coastlines / storms and erosion / provide / jobs / local communities / and / offer /
opportunities / recreation
46. Coral reefs protect coastlines from storms and erosion, provide jobs for local communities and
offer opportunities for recreation.
47. they / also / a source / food and medicines / and / over half a billion people / depend / reefs / food,
income, and protection
47. They are also a source of food and medicines, and over half a billion people depend on reefs
for food, income, and protection.

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48. unfortunately / coral reef ecosystems / severely threatened / some threats / natural / others / caused /
human activities / including / pollution / and / unsustainable fishing practices
48. Unfortunately, coral reef ecosystems are severely threatened: some threats are natural, others
are caused by human activities, including pollution, and unsustainable fishing practices.
49. many threats / lead / coral bleaching / and / possible death
49. Many threats can lead to coral bleaching and possible death.
50. students / aware / the need / protect coral reef ecosystems/ and / they / help / protect / coral reefs / the
world / small actions
50. Students should be aware of the need to protect coral reef ecosystems, and they can help
protect coral reefs around the world with small actions.