Multiple Choice Questions
Uploaded by
Jyoti SidhuMultiple Choice Questions
Uploaded by
Jyoti SidhuMultiple Choice Questions
1. The following is/are true regarding the ultrasound assessment of ovarian morphology for
women in making the diagnosis of PCOS?
a)
The threshold value for measurement of ovarian volume to diagnose PCOS in Asian women
is more than 7 cm 3
b)
Ovarian follicles numerically more than 12, measuring 2 to 9 mm, is a prerequisite of the
NIH 1990 criteria to diagnose PCOS
c)
Higher prevalence of the polycystic ovarian morphology has been reported in East Asian
PCOS populations compared to Caucasian PCOS subjects
d)
The ovary reaches its maximum volume after puberty
e)
Age-related decline in antral follicle count (AFC) among women with PCOS is slower than
in those without PCOS
2. Which sonographic parameter(s) is/are included in the ultrasound criteria of PCOM?
a)
Follicle number per ovary (FNPO)
b)
Ovary volume
c)
Stromal echogenicity
d)
Stromal volume
e)
Stromal blood flow
3. In the updated criteria, AEPS guideline suggested which of the following?
a)
Increase the threshold of follicle number per ovary to 25
b)
Lower the threshold of ovarian volume to 8 cm 3
c)
Add follicular distribution as a junctive marker
d)
Include ratio of ovarian stroma to total ovarian size >0.32 for PCOM definition
e)
Use the follicle counts in a single cross section (FNPS) ≥9 to define PCOM
4. The following statement(s) is/are true about the ovarian volume?
a)
1
Ovarian volume remains relatively constant in healthy young girls and women until the
menopause.
b)
The calculation of ovarian volume has been performed using the formula for a prolate
ellipsoid (π/6 × length × width × thickness of the ovary)
c)
Compared to FNPO, the diagnostic accuracy of ovarian volume is lower when
discriminating between PCOS and normal controls.
d)
The use of internal reference normal values of ovarian volume for diagnosis of PCOM is
recommended.
e)
3D measurement of ovarian volume is recommended in PCOM diagnosis since it is more
accurate and reproducible.
5. What feature(s) make ultrasound diagnosis of PCOM challenging in adolescents?
a)
Lack of normative data on ovarian morphology
b)
Poor image quality provided by transabdominal ultrasound
c)
Considerable variation in ovarian morphology in adolescents
d)
Polycystic morphological changes of the ovaries not beginning in adolescence
e)
The difficulty of differential diagnosis from the multi-cystic ovary
6. The component features of Metabolic Syndrome (MbS) include which of the following?
a)
Raised BP
b)
Raised serum TG
c)
Raised serum HDL-C
d)
PCOS
e)
Raised serum glucose
7. Metabolic surveillance in PCOS includes which of the following?
a)
BP
b)
Waist Circumference (WC)
c)
BMI
2
d)
OGTT
e)
Fasting serum insulin
8. Regarding lifestyle intervention in PCOS which of the following is/are true?
a)
Weight loss of >20% total body weight is required to improve both metabolic and
reproductive outcomes
b)
Exercise can improve metabolic parameters in the absence of weight loss
c)
Modification of macronutrient content can augment weight loss
d)
Combined exercise and dietary advice should be limited to overweight/obese women
e)
The metabolic benefits of exercise between PCOS women and non-PCOS controls are
comparable
9. Regarding other therapies in PCOS which of the following is/are true?
a)
Bariatric surgery should be avoided in women who plan to fall pregnant in the future
b)
Metformin has been associated with reductions in BMI and adiposity in meta-analysis data
c)
Metformin reduces the risk of OHSS with assisted reproductive technologies
d)
Metformin is recommended as second-line therapy in overweight/obese PCOS women with
persistent menstrual irregularity despite lifestyle intervention
e)
Thiazolidinediones such as rosiglitazone are recommended in PCOS women who cannot
tolerate metformin due gastrointestinal upset
10. The following is/are true in relation to serum AMH?
a)
The correlation between AMH and the current diagnostic PCOS criteria is not robust
b)
There is a significant correlation between serum AMH and the antral follicle count (AFC)
c)
There is lack of international standardisation of the AMH assay.
d)
Each AMH result needs to interpreted depending upon the specific assay
e)
It has been suggested that AMH could be used interchangeably with the AFC as a diagnostic
3
criterion for PCOS
