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Technology and
Livelihood Education
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Orchard Farming
Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 6
Quarter 2 – Agriculture Module 2: Orchard Farming
First Edition, 2020

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over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Region XI

Regional Director: Allan G. Farnazo
Assistant Regional Director: Maria Ines C. Asuncion

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Reah F. Pama
Editors:
Reviewers: Prema Rose C. Nacito, Rhodora A. Lacdao
Illustrator: Roxanne B. Tano
Layout Artist:
Template Developer: Neil Edward D. Diaz
Management Team: Reynaldo M. Guillena
Jinky B. Firman
Marilyn V. Deduyo
Alma C. Cifra
Aris B. Juanillo
Marcelo O. Roco

Inilimbag sa Pilipinas ng ________________________

Department of Education – Region XI Davao City Division

Office Address: DepEd Davao City Division, E. Quirino Ave
Davao City, Davao del Sur, Philippines
Telefax: (082) 224 0100
E-mail Address: info@deped-davaocity.ph
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Technology and
Livelihood Education
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Orchard Farming

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use
this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning at home. Furthermore, you are
expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included
in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different activities
in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be reminded of
the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module,
do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that
you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience
meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant
competencies. You can do it!

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 Let Us Learn

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the nature of Agriculture. The scope of this module permits it to be used in
many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

• Conduct a survey to identify the following: TLE6AG-0c-3
- Orchard Farms (types, climate, location, market demand)
- Proper way of planting/propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees
(budding, marcotting, grafting, layering)
- Sources of fruit-bearing trees
- How to take care seedlings; and
- Prepares lay out design of an orchard garden using information
gathered TLE6AG-0c-4

Let Us Try

Find out how much you already know about the lesson by answering the items
in this test. Write your answers in your notebook
A. Identify the type of Orchard farm of the given fruit-bearing trees.

Nut Orchard Fruit Orchard

1. Coconut Tree - _______________________

2. Banana Tree - _______________________
3. Lanzones Tree - _______________________
4. Pili nut Tree - _______________________
5. Mango Tree - _______________________

B. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

6. A _________________ method is done through rooting a piece a wood that is

still connected to its parent and continues to receive nutrients from it.

7. A government agency that serves as a source for any agricultural activities

in terms of vegetables and fruits is_________________.

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8. An intentional planting of trees or shrubs that composed of fruit or nut-
producing trees is _________________.

9. A form of grafting that uses a single bud as the “scion” is called

_________________.

10. A _________________ is a procedure that refers to a part of a plant that is

cut and propagated.

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 Lesson
Orchard Farming
1
Let Us Study
An orchard is an intentional planting of trees or shrubs that composed of fruit
or nut-producing trees. A fruitful garden is synonymous with an orchard. Orchard
farming is a way of growing fruit trees in a large area with focus on a different group
or categories. In starting an orchard, it is better to understand the different types
available considering local climate, budget and interests.

Types of Orchard Farm

• Fruit Orchard

A fruit orchard includes fruit-bearing trees. Some popular choices in the

country are durian, mangosteen, lanzones, rambutan, mango, guava, avocado,
jackfruit, papaya, and banana. Citrus trees such as calamansi, dalandan and pomelo
may be grown all together in large citrus orchards or individually smaller lots.
• Nut Orchard
Nut-bearing trees are part of a Nut Orchard that consist like coconut, cashew
nut and pili nuts. Cocoa and chocolate are included in producing nut.
• Seed Orchard
Seed orchards focus primarily on growing trees that produce seeds rather than
nuts or fruit. It is divided into two categories:
1. Seedling Orchard – trees are selected through controlled pollination.
2. Clonal Seed Orchard – seeds are distributed through cutting and tissue
culture.

Trees Appropriate for Orchard Gardening

Many varieties of fruit trees are available in local market, nursery, or in a fruit
plantation. Here are some common trees in the Philippines that are appropriate for
orchard gardening.
FRUITS LOCATION CLIMATE MARKET DEMAND
Hillside / Sloping
Coconut Lowly warm Year-round
Area / Plains
Hillside / Sloping
Mango Lowly warm Year-round
Area / Plains
Banana Valley Dry / Wet season Year-round
Mangosteen Plains / Valley Dry / Wet season Seasonal

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 Lowly warm / Dry
Guava Plains Seasonal
season
Durian Plains / Valley Wet season Seasonal
Papaya Plains / Valley Dry season Year-round
Santol Plains / Valley Lowly warm Seasonal
Proper Ways of Planting

Different trees are cultivated in different ways. There are two ways of planting:
direct and indirect.
1. Direct Planting
Direct planting is a method where the seeds or parts of a plant are directly
planted in the soil. It will germinate and grow into full-grown trees.
2. Indirect Planting
In the method of indirect planting, the plant must be transferred to the
permanent place. Planting trees are commonly done in this method. People can avail
of seedlings planted in small plastic bags and ready for transfer.
Follow the general steps in the proper transferring of plants:
1. Put the seedlings away from direct sunlight.
2. Find an area where you want to dig and plant the seedlings.
3. In transferring the plant, remove the plastic bag. Do not remove the soil which
holds the roots.
4. Be careful in placing the seedlings in the hole. Secure that the main roots are
not bent.
5. Cover the seedlings with soil. Press the soil lightly.
6. Use a water sprinkler to water the seedlings early in the next morning. It is
very important to water the soil that surrounds the plant.
7. To avoid withering, remember to plant your seedlings in the afternoon when
sunlight is no longer hot.

Proper Way of Propagating Fruit-bearing Trees

There are two methods of propagating plants. These are the sexual and
asexual methods. Seeds are used in sexual method while asexual method uses any
of these methods like cutting, grafting, marcotting, inarching, budding, layering and
the use of specialized plants like runners, suckers, tubers, root stuck crown, bulb
and leaves. These are the following asexual methods in propagating trees and fruit
trees.

• Cutting – is a procedure that refers to a part of a plant that is cut into 10

inches long and stuck one-half of it into soil. Removes the leaves. Example:
Kamoteng kahoy
• Layering – This method is done through rooting a piece a wood that is still
connected to its parent and continues to receive nutrients from it.
• Marcotting – It is also called air layering; it induces rooting on a tree branch.
Before putting soil, the branch must be peeled off or scraped. Cover it with
plastic and water daily.

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 • Grafting – a plant propagation method through a stem of one plant called the
“scion” or top portion is connected into another plant. It is used in some trees
like guava, mango, rambutan, and santol.
• Budding – There are some techniques of insertion of bud into the root stuck.
The most common for fruit tree is the T-budding. A form of grafting using a
single bud as the “scion”.

Sources of Fruit- bearing Trees

Young fruit-bearing trees can come from many sources. Foremost of these
sources is the government agency responsible for propagating high-value fruit-
bearing trees. This is the Bureau of Plant Industry of the Department of Agriculture.
The Bureau gives free fruit-bearing tree seedlings, leaflets, and other printed
materials that will help fruit tree growers in their business. Other government
agencies include cooperatives of municipalities and city governments, which also give
free fruit seedlings as well as seminars on more recent technology in planting and
raising trees.

Private nurseries found within and outside the city. Here you can buy high-
value fruit tree seedlings that grow fast and bear more fruits than ordinary fruit trees.
These are products of new technology in fruit tree farming. A good example is Dizon
Fruit Tree Nursery at the Parks and Wildlife Center. It is visited by many fruit tree
growers who like to keep abreast of new technology in tree farming.

Sources of Fruit- bearing Trees

There are many sources of fruit- bearing trees. They are sold in different stages
of growth and ready to be transplanted.
Among these sources are:
• Department of Agriculture- source for any agricultural activities in terms of
vegetables and fruits.
• Bureau of Plant Industry – They help to develop scientific improvement for
each plant variety present in a locality and adjacent places.
• Agricultural Institution- A school that offers a course related to agriculture
and other plant studies like Technical Education Skill and Development
Authority (TESDA).
• Commercial Nursery- They offer landscaping materials and services and
usually ran by private individuals.

Ways of Taking Care of Seedlings

• Water the seedlings daily during morning and afternoon to keep the soil moist.
• Add enough fertilizer to make the plants healthier and stronger
• Remove the grass and weeds around the plants.
• Spray insecticides to protect the plants against insects.
• Arrange the seedlings in an organized position/ manner.
• Keep away from stray animals.

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Layout Design of an Orchard
In preparing an orchard lay-out, there are two tips to be considered such as
land preparation and planting system.
There are five common patterns that can be used in arranging trees in the
orchard project.
Row planting is a systematic way of arranging in rows or straight lines the way
crops or trees are planted.
Among the common patterns are the following:
1. Square pattern – this pattern is the most basic and common arrangement of
orchard trees. The distances between rows and between trees are the same.

2. Rectangular pattern – this is like the square method, but rows are near to
each other. It is also called an alternate system.

3. Quincunx pattern – this pattern has four threes at the corners of a square and
one temporary tree in the middle. Temporary tree is planted only to cultivate
for the first few years.

4. Hexagonal pattern – there are six trees planted to form a hexagon with one
tree planted in the middle.

5. Contour pattern – this pattern is commonly used in areas like hillside. Trees
are planted in parallel rows that contour around a landscape to help control
soil erosion and retain soil moisture.

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 Let Us Practice

Have a field trip in your backyard and observe. What are the fruit-bearing
trees that you have found? Name and draw at least three of the trees in a short bond
paper.
Rubrics use for drawing.
Rubrics
Score
Criteria Points
Self Teacher
Proficiency 30%
Workmanship 20%
Appearance 25%
Resourcefulness 25%
Total 100%

Let Us Practice More

Find the word inside the box and choose the one that fits in the statement
below. Write your answers in your notebook.

Marcotting Grafting Cutting

Layering Budding Planting

__________1. It is a plant propagation method through a stem of one plant called the
“scion” or top portion is connected into another plant.
__________2. It is a form of grafting using a single bud as the “scion”.
__________3. It is also called air layering; it induces rooting on a tree branch.
__________4. This method is done through rooting a piece a wood that is still
connected to its parent and continues to receive nutrients from it.
__________5. Its procedure refers to a part of a plant that is cut into 10 inches long
and stuck one-half of it into soil.

Let Us Remember
Find how much you already know about the lesson. Fill in the blanks the
correct answers to make the sentence complete. Write your answers in your activity
notebook.

1. Fruit orchard, nut orchard and seed orchard are the three types of __________.
2. The two proper ways of planting are __________ and __________.

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 3. There are ways of propagating fruit-bearing trees. These include __________,
__________, __________, __________ and __________.
4. Seedlings for fruit-bearing trees are available in the __________, __________,
__________ and __________.
5. Ways of taking care the seedlings are as follows:
• Water the __________
• Remove the __________
• Spray __________
• Arrange the __________
• Keep away from stray __________
6. Commonly used patterns for an orchard lay-out design are __________,
__________, __________, __________ and __________.

Let Us Assess

A. Classify the given fruit-bearing trees according to their types of orchard. Write
your answers in your notebook.

Coconut Tree Pili nut Tree

Lanzones Tree Mango Tree

Banana Tree

Nut Orchard Fruit Orchard

B. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Write your answers in your notebook.
6. A _________________ is a procedure that refers to a part of a plant that is cut
and propagated.

7. A form of grafting that uses a single bud as the “scion” is called

_________________.

8. Planting _________________ is an intentional planting of trees or shrubs that

composed of fruit or nut-producing trees.

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 9. A government agency that serves as a source for any agricultural activities
in terms of vegetables and fruits is_________________.

10. A _________________ method is done through rooting a piece a wood that is

still connected to its parent and continues to receive nutrients from it.

Let Us Enhance

Conduct a survey in your locality and find out what layout designs of an
orchard were applied by the farmers. Draw it using the most common trees or fruit
trees found in the area by asking your parents or elders. Do this in a short bond
paper.
Rubrics use for the drawing.

Rubrics
Score
Criteria
4 3 2 1
Proficiency
Workmanship
Resourcefulness

Total

Let Us Reflect
Look for seeds and plant it in a seed bag. Label it with its name and identify
what kind of orchard it is. List down the ways on how you take care of your seeds.
Rubrics use for the seed planting.

Rubrics
Score
Excellent Good Satisfactory Needs
Criteria
(4) (3) (2) Improvement
(1)
Following project
directions
Content of information
Creativity
Total

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 Answer Key

10. Layering
Agriculture
10. Cutting
9. Department of
9. Budding
8. Orchard
8. Orchard
7. Budding
Agriculture
6. Cutting
7. Department of
6. Layering
• Banana Tree Orchard
• Mango Tree 5. Fruit/Seed
• Lanzones Tree Cutting E. 4. Nut Orchard
Fruit Orchard Layering D. Orchard
• Pili nut Marcotting C. 3. Fruit/Seed
• Coconut Tree Budding B. 2. Fruit Orchard
Nut Orchard Grafting A. 1. Nut Orchard
Let Us Assess Practice More Let Us Let Us Try

References

Basbas, Leonora D. 2017. Learning and Living in the 21st Century. Manila: Rex
Book Store.

Peralta, Gloria A., Ruth A. Arsenue, Grace B Azarcon, Catalina R Ipolan, Yolanda L
Quiambao, John E Mora, and Dondon M Paguio. 2016. The Basics of Better
Family Living. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc.

Peralta, Gloria A., Ruth A. Arsenue, Grace B. Azarcon, Catalina R. Ipolan, Yolanda
L. Quiambao, John E. Mora, and Dondon M. Paguio. 2016. The Basics of
Better Family Living. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc.

Topacio, Eva, Agnes Del Rosario, and Ma. Luz Lebrudo. 2014. Early Living and
Earning 6 ( Technology and Livelihood Education). Quezon City: Ephesians
Publishing Inc.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region XI

F. Torres St., Davao City

Telefax:

Email Address: lrms.regionxi@deped.gov.ph

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