Assignment 1 (20%)

Write your answers in the respective columns provided below

Question 1a (5 marks)

Answer: Marks

The activities and educational events which occur at school together with
the academic curriculum are known to as co-curriculum (St George's , n.d.). Co-
curricular activities enable students to spend time with other students who match
their excitement for specific tasks, helping them develop friendships with students
away from the classroom. Co-curricular activities are vital in the lives of students
since they are able to improve their educational experience at school and make it
more enjoyable and engaging (Team Leverage Edu, 2023). Co-curricular activities
remain necessary in school since they provide children with communication
abilities and good values as well as promoting personality growth, cognitive ability
growth, and personal growth (Team Leverage Edu, 2023). Co-curricular activities
offer students an opportunity for time away from everyday lessons and motivate
students to act uniquely while learning the curriculum's material. Co-curricular
activities include book clubs, outdoor and indoor sports, debates, and more.

Question 1b: (20 marks)

Answer: Marks

Schools all over the world share the same definition for co-curriculum,
however the method of employment is different in different countries, as it depends
on many factors for example, the kind of equipment possessed by each school is
vastly different which also leads to different types of co-curricular activities
provided by the school. For instance, Sri KL, a school in Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
Their co-curriculum programme encompasses of club activities, sports, games,
drama, music and dance (Sri Kuala Lumpur, n.d.). Sri KL runs training and
development programmes for many kinds of sports including soccer, volleyball,
netball, cricket and more. Sri KL stands out from other private schools because it
gives traditional arts performances a special priority that is specific to Malaysian
culture. Compared to the school in the United Kingdom. Worth School, for
instance, involves a choice of over 150 weekly activities, clubs and societies that
usually take place outside the formal classroom setting. At worth school, they place
importance on putting the needs of others first, Worth offers community service as a
part of their co- curriculum, such as, from volunteering in primary schools and on
environmental projects, to caring for the elderly and charity fundraising (Worth
School, n.d.). This may be one of the reasons that makes schools outside of
Malaysia different. Co-curricular activities conducted in International School of
Tanganyika in Tanzania believe that students interpersonal skill development is
important (International School of Tanganyika, n.d.). Rather than having a
predetermined types of co-curricular activities for the students, they prefer to take
suggestions from the student council and teachers every new school year. This is
done for students to help them have a choice each year. Their co-curricular
activities compromise of sports and arts such as baking and cooking activities.
Another school in Malaysia known as Global Indian International School
encourages its students to dive deep into activities and to identify different types of
likes and characters through co-curriculum activities. Similar to many of the school
mentioned this one also offers musical instrument learning as an activity in its co-
curricular programme.

Question 2: (25 marks)

Answer: Marks

The are many reasons as to why co-curricular activities may not be carried
out at a satisfactory level in schools. Co-curricular activities may not be conducted
at schools to a suitable level for a variety of issues. As a result of their intense
workloads from preparing lessons, evaluations, and prepping for their classes,
teachers struggle to find the opportunity for collaboration, which is one of the
primary problems raised by (Lynch, 2019). It is also true that some co-curricular
activities require additional effort and time from the kids makes it challenging for
them as well. Since they also need to devote their attention to their classes and
assignments, this could prove difficult for them. A student who would require
additional time for schoolwork would not want to spend all of their focus to co-
curricular activities, which could make co-curricular activities less than effective at
school. Having excessive responsibilities from school, friends, family, and
extracurricular activities can make students unfocused (Lynch, 2019). For some
students, juggling their co-curricular activities and academic obligations can be
challenging, particularly if there is a lack of time to devote to studying or doing
their assignments due to the excess of activities. Students may as a result struggle to
give their co-curricular activities their best effort. Another problem with it is that, if
it isn't properly planned out and executed, it could start out strong before dying out
gradually (Lynch, 2019). It can be tricky to hold kids' interest for a long time.
Students will lose passion for the activities and might not take part if they are
boring and fail to draw them in. (Nair, 2022) says that “Teachers lack the necessary
training to organise extracurricular activities and ought to focus instead on lessons
in school.” It has been mentioned by (Nair, 2022) that the teachers discovered that
there were many different types of paperwork and evaluation necessary for
successfully carrying out these activities, which took up a tremendous amount of
time and effort. (Nair, 2022) stated that it would be ideal if the instruction of these
activities were delegated out to specialists who had received the necessary training
to aid students in excelling in them. The last factor to consider is that schools
weren't able to secure enough funding to facilitate co-curricular activities with
adequate amenities and supplies, which would result in low participation among
pupils. The fact that families with lower socioeconomic position may find it
difficult to pay additional costs for the amenities is one reason for this. Due to the
students' lack of involvement in extracurricular activities, the school's co-curricular
programmes may suffer as a result.

Question 3: (25 marks)

Answer: Marks

Both the wearer and the spectators are made aware of their expected duties
by the school uniform. Uniforms may indicate group borders, advance group
objectives, and lessen role conflict (Ansari, Shepard, & Gottfried, 2021). They can
serve as an indication of belonging to a group. Thus, in situations of violence,
disruptive behaviors, or social division, administrations and lawmakers have
considered uniforms as a way to change the environment of a school (Ansari,
Shepard, & Gottfried, 2021).
The first way to be able to enhance student participation in student uniform
bodies is by informing the students that it will cultivate leadership skills in them,
which can be helpful for student endurance in both educational institutions and
professional settings. By participating in extracurricular activities like clubs, sports,
organizations, and uniform bodies, students can develop their leadership skills. A
leader's ability to encourage people and serve as an effective symbol depends
heavily on his or her leadership abilities. As a result, children should start
developing their leadership abilities early. Not only can leadership be taught
formally, but it may also be acquired through extracurricular activities and by
observing successful leaders in action. The second way to enhance the student
participation is by encouraging their personality development. According to a study,
co-curricular activities help kids develop their personalities by helping them
become more assertive, concentrated, engaging, outgoing, and gregarious
( Shaharuddin, Jamaludin, Jamil, Zakaria, & Shukry, 2022). High self-esteem will
help students feel a part of their educational setting and develop positive behaviors
towards school, which will increase their enthusiasm to advance both in school and
in life. Participation in co-curricular activities, such as uniform bodies, can help
students build up their personality by increasing confidence in themselves, strength,
and capacity for accepting constructive feedback. The third way to enhance student
participation in student uniform bodies is by informing students that they can make
new friends and improve their communication skills which can prove to be helpful
for their future. Competitions, organization and club events make communication
and connection easier to achieve, and they may also fulfil the optimal of respect and
compassion for one another irrespective of position, ethnicity, or religion
( Shaharuddin, Jamaludin, Jamil, Zakaria, & Shukry, 2022). Participation in
extracurricular activities fosters useful skills such as an uplifting circle of friends
and the development of relationships with adults that are encouraging. Finally,
offering incentives in order to increase participation can be used as a good method
to attract the students. It has been found that children who engage in these activities
achieve higher academic achievements, have better school friendships, and are
prone to live a life that is active and healthy. Students are also more positive and
more active as a result of this (Sarkar, 2022).
To summarize, participation in uniformed student bodies can also assist
students in developing leadership abilities and creative thinking in coping with
obstacles. Studies have discovered that pupils that participate in school non-
governmental organizations are more mature, multi-skilled, and goal-oriented
(D'Silva, 2014).

Question 4a: (8 marks)

Answer: (Copy and Paste your diagram/answer in the space below) Marks
 Badminton competition Single knockout draw

Question 4b: (7 marks)

Answer: Marks

When playing in a single-elimination tournament, the player who loses of

each match, round, or game is removed from the competition. The winners,
however, proceed to the following rounds until just one champion is left. There will
be 26 matches played in 32 rounds, because there are only 26 players. The rest of 6
empty slots will be placed with ‘bye’ and those players will advance to round 16
without having to play in round 32. Some participants receive a bye in the first
round of a single elimination bracket where there isn't a power of two. The Bye
allows them to advance to the next round without having to play and risk being
eliminated. The matches played in the badminton competition will start of with 32
matches, moving into 16 matches, followed by 8 matches. Then there’ll be
semifinals where there will be the 4 top players left and then the final which will
decide the champion of the match.

Question 4C: (10 marks)

Answer: Marks

Seeding is a system employed to sort and place teams or participants in events

or tournaments (Mehrotra, 2023). The rankings depend on characteristics such as how
they perform, classes, or past achievements. The goal of seeding is to produce an
organized round or draw that enables a structured order of games throughout the
championship. The fundamental goal of seeding is to guarantee fair competition by
carefully pairing higher-ranked teams or athletes against lower-ranked competitors in
the early stages (Mehrotra, 2023). This strategy seeks to postpone matches between
the best players until later in the tournament. By doing so, seeding seeks to benefit
top-ranked participants with what is believed to be a simpler route to the stages that
follow, while also raising excitement for possible showdowns among highly ranked
teams or players. In activities such as sports, seeds are essential for setting up
competitions and guaranteeing fair play. Seeding has a number of benefits. The first
benefit is that it compensates individuals or groups who have regularly played well by
giving them a favorable draw (Mehrotra, 2023). It recognizes their accomplishments
and gives them a chance to compete against more challenging players in later rounds,
when the competition is anticipated to be fiercer. Also, seeding establishes a feeling
of organization and routine that enables viewers and competitors to keep up with the
advancement of their preferred teams or players during the competition (Mehrotra,
2023). In order to make sure the 4 top players have secured their place in the semi-
finals, the draw will be made in a way where they will go against low ranked players
in order to solidify their positions as well as making sure the top 4 players don’t meet
each other throughout round 32, round 16 and round 8.
References
Shaharuddin, N. B., Jamaludin, A. R., Jamil, S. M., Zakaria, N. L., & Shukry, N. M. (2022,
January). BENEFITS OF CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES AMONGST STUDENTS .
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STUDENTS-Nawal-binti-Shaharuddin.pdf

Ansari, A., Shepard, M., & Gottfried, M. A. (2021, November 5). SCHOOL UNIFORMS AND
STUDENT BEHAVIOR: IS THERE A LINK? Retrieved from PubMed Central:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8775910/

D'Silva, V. (2014, September 4). Co-curricular activities are crucial. Retrieved from New Strait
Times: https://www.nst.com.my/news/2015/09/co-curricular-activities-are-crucial

Ghani, S. A., Awang, M. M., Ajit, G., & Rani, M. M. (2020). PARTICIPATION IN CO-
CURRICULUM ACTIVITIES AND STUDENTS’ LEADERSHIP SKILLS. JOURNAL
OF SOUTHWEST JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 55(4). Retrieved from
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Curriculum_Activities_and_Students'_Leadership_Skills

International School of Tanganyika. (n.d.). After School Activities . Retrieved from International
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program

Lynch, M. (2019, June 20). PROS AND CONS OF CROSS-CURRICULAR TEACHING.

Retrieved from The Edvocate: https://www.theedadvocate.org/pros-and-cons-of-cross-
curricular-teaching/#:~:text=The%20primary%20drawback%20as%20expressed,of
%20the%20concept(s).

Mehrotra, P. (2023, July 6). What are seeds or seeding in sports? What are its effects? Retrieved
from Sports Digest: https://sportsdigest.in/what-are-seeds-or-seeding-in-sports-what-are-
its-effects/88035/
Nair, T. (2022, March 31). Teachers ill-equipped to conduct co-curricular activities, says NUTP.
Retrieved from free malaysia today:
https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2022/03/31/teachers-ill-equipped-to-
conduct-co-curricular-activities-says-nutp/

Sarkar, D. (2022, August 27). Importance of Co-Curricular Activities for Students. Retrieved
from idreamcareer: https://idreamcareer.com/blog/cocurricular-activities-for-students/

Sri Kuala Lumpur. (n.d.). CO-CURRICULUM. Retrieved from Sri Kuala Lumpur:
https://www.srikl.edu.my/clubs-sports-activities/co-curriculum/

St George's . (n.d.). Co-curriculum programme. Retrieved from ST George's Edinburgh:

https://www.stge.org.uk/about/co-curriculum/#:~:text=Co%2Dcurriculum%20refers
%20to%20the,school%20alongside%20the%20academic%20curriculum

Team Leverage Edu. (2023, May 10). Co Curricular Activities in School. Retrieved from
Leverage Edu: https://leverageedu.com/blog/co-curricular-activities-in-school/

Worth School. (n.d.). Co-curriculum. Retrieved from Worth school:

https://worthschool.org.uk/co-curriculum/