Manual Simatic S7-200 em 1h
Manual Simatic S7-200 em 1h
Manual Simatic S7-200 em 1h
Item S7-200 CPU 221 Relay Simulator for CPU 221 Software STEP 7-Micro/WIN 32 (V 3) Training Model on Mounting Rail PC/PPI Cable S7-200 Documentation One Hour Primer incl. Exercise Diskette Screw driver
Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
available
Edition 07/1999
Safety Guidelines
The One Hour Primer was created as a quick introduction to the world of S7-200 and has deliberately been kept short. It is not a substitute for the S7-200 manual. Therefore, please observe the instructions given in the S7-200 manual, especially the safety guidelines.
Trademarks
SIMATIC and SIMATIC NET are registered trademarks of Siemens AG. Third parties using for their own purposes any other names in this document which refer to trademarks might infringe upon the rights of the trademark owners.
Copyright Siemens AG 1999 All rights reserved The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its contents is not permitted without express written authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model or design, are reserved. Siemens AG Automation and Drives Industrial Automation Systems Division PO Box 4848, D-90327 Nuremberg Federal Republic of Germany Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Disclaimer of Liability We have checked the content of this manual for agreement with the hardware and software described. Since deviations cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full agreement. However, the data in this manual are reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections included in subsequent editions. Suggestions for improvement are welcomed. Siemens AG 1999 Subject to change without prior notice
Preface
Dear S7-200 User, The use of programmable controllers (PLC) in automation is constantly on the increase as the pressure to reduce costs in the production process rises. The fast pace of technical development is another reason why more and more automation problems are being solved with programmable controllers. The Micro PLC S7-200, in particular, is being used for more and more applications because it combines power with an attractive price and simple operation. To make your first steps in the world of S7-200 as simple as possible, we have created a special Starter Kit. This One Hour Primer is intended to help you learn enough basic skills to be able to use the S7-200 within the shortest possible time. And now, we wish you a simple and quick start and every success.
Good luck!
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Table of Contents
Hardware
Setting up the Hardware (Assembly) Structure of an S7-200 (CPU 221) PLC Wiring of the Training Assembly Circuit Diagram of the Training Assembly Terminal Diagram of the S7-200 (CPU 221) Installing the Software on Windows 95/98/NT Starting STEP 7-Micro/WIN The Help System 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13
Software
Basic Settings
Setting the Transmission Rate Configuring the Port for the PG /PC First Function Test
15 16 17
Writing Your First Program Opening the 1st Exercise Program Downloading the 1st Exercise Program Function and Test of the 1st Exercise Program Ladder Logic Elements Transforming a Circuit Diagram Elements of the 1st Exercise Program Status View (online) Statements
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
More Exercises
1st Program Modification: AND Logic Operation Inserting a Logic Gate Entering the Operand and Testing Deleting ... 2nd Program Modification: OR Logic Operation Inserting an OR Element 3rd Program Modification: On-Delay Timer The On-Delay Timer Function Programming the On-Delay Timer Plain Speaking Creating a New Project Congratulations
29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 40 43
Appendix
Of Bits, Bytes and Words Address Areas of the S7-200 Cyclic Program Execution in the S7-200 PLC
48 49 50
The structure of the document is shown at the foot of each page. The chapter which you have opened is highlighted.
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Mounting rail
Base plate
1. Mount the enclosed mounting rail on a base plate as shown in the drawing.
S7-200 CPU
Training model
Simulator
2. Mount the simulator on the input terminal block of the S7-200. The input terminal block is the terminal block on the underside of the PLC. 3. Snap the assembled PLC onto the mounting rail from above. 4. Snap the training model (part of the starter kit) onto the mounting rail next to the PLC.
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Analog potentiometer
Input Terminals
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Training model
Ground (blue)
1L
A0.0
0.1 0.2
0.3
PE N
L1
1M
E0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
2M
0.4
0.5
M L+ Sensor Supply
grey
Simulator
5. Connect the cables shown in boldface type as shown in the above diagram. The gray wire is only fixed on the training model mechanically. Any end of the gray wire can be connected to L+ and 1L.
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Training model
DC 24 V
S7-200
CPU 221
6ES7 211-0BA20-0XB0
24 V inputs (input signals 0 to 24 V DC) 1M E0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 2M 0.4 0.5 M L+ Sensor Supply
Simulator
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Output side
1L 0.0 0.1 0.2 1M 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 2M 0.4 0.5 N M L1 L+
Input side
+
8 inputs E0.0 to E0.7 (24 V DC)
Relay outputs
6ES7 211-0BA20-0XB0
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10
SIEMENS
1.
PG / PC
2. Call up the start menu by selecting Start from the task bar.
2.
3.
3. Open the Control Panel from the menu Settings.
4.
4. Call up the software installation manager by double-clicking the mouse on the Add/Remove Programs icon. Select the Install button and Continue from the next dialog box.. The installation routine finds the setup program on STEP 7-Micro/WIN CD ROM/diskette 1. Follow the instructions of the installation program. At the end of the installation, the entry STEP 7-Micro/WIN 32 V3.0 appears in the menu Start > SIMATIC .
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In the folder Simatic, which you can call up from the Start menu, you will find the folder STEP 7-Micro/WIN 32 V3.0. This folder contains the start icons for STEP 7-Micro/WIN 32. The program is started by clicking these icons.
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If your computer has access to the Internet you can download or retrieve information about catalogs, tips and tricks, etc., using the S7-200 on the Web menu item in the Help menu,
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Now you will quickly learn how to program the basic functions of the PLC in small steps using the small exercise program on the diskette supplied as a basis.
First of all, you will learn how to open an exercise program from the diskette (or hard disk) and transfer it to the PLC with the STEP 7-Micro/WIN programming tool.
After that, you will familiarize yourself with the function of the program you have tranferred and test it.
With a little basic knowledge about logic operations you will be able to analyze the elements of exercise program 1 and understand the statements in it.
In the Section More Exercises you will learn the most important knowledge you require to write your own programs by changing the exercise program.
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19
a:\
1. Insert the exercise diskette from the starter kit in your 3.5 diskette drive. The diskette is in the envelope on the last page of the manual.
2. From the menu item Project > Open load the 1st exercise program from the diskette into the
STEP 7-Micro/WIN Editor. The letter of the program name indicates the language of the comments in the program (for English pick E.PRJ). You will need to select your 3.5 diskette drive first.
The STEP 7-Micro/WIN programming tool has now loaded the exercise program into the working memory of the PC/PG and is showing the first steps of the exercise program on the screen.
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Click this icon with the mouse to switch the PLC to STOP mode when the mode selector on the PLC is set to TERM or RUN and the PLC was in RUN mode (LED STOP lights up). Caution: This action means that a connected machine is no longer controlled.
Click this icon with the mouse to download the (open) program, which is displayed on the monitor, onto the PLC.
Click this icon with the mouse to switch the PLC to RUN mode when the mode selector on the PLC is set to TERM or RUN and the PLC was in STOP mode (LED RUN lights up). Caution: A connected machine may start moving immediately, depending on the effect of your program. Warning
You can also load a program from the PLC onto your programming device/PC. Click this icon with the mouse to upload the program on the PLC onto the programming device/PC. It overwrites the program currently displayed on the monitor. You should therefore always make sure that you always have a current version of your program on the hard disk or diskette when you leave a plant.
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A0.1
S7-200 PLC
K1
Switch S 0 1 2 .....
Simulator
Now lets test it! The operating voltage is connected. The assembly is correctly wired. You have already loaded the program from the diskette into the programming tool and transmitted it from there to the PLC. The PLC is in RUN mode. (The green RUN LED is lit). Now operate switches S0 and S1 and observe the function.
Actions
Reactions
LEDs E0.0 to E0.7 indicate the signal states of inputs E0.0 to E0.7. LEDs A0.0 to A0.5 indicate the signal states of outputs A0.0 to A0.5. I and Q are the customary international symbols for inputs and outputs.
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Scan: Is no current flowing ? If yes (no current), then the result of the scan is true. (Result is 0)
Coil: If the value true (current) is passed to a coil it is activated (The coil starts up).
( )
Series circuit: (AND logic). The first switch AND the second switch must be closed in order to pass current.
Parallel circuit (OR logic). The first switch OR the second switch must be closed in order to pass current.
0 or 1 are the only states in digital control logic. The 0 state is designated as false and the 1 state is true. This is why we say scan is 0 (false) or 1 (true).
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S0
S1
90
+
K0
E0.0
E0.1
S7-200
A0.0 A0.1
K1 M
S0 S1 K1
M
K0 K1
K0
S0
K1
E0.1
A0.1
Change in direction of rotation: Switch S1 is connected to input E0.1 of the PLC. Contactor C1 is actuated by output relay A0.1 inside the PLC.
K0
E0.0
A0.0
Motor on/off: Switch S0 is connected to input E0.0. In our example, contactor C0 can be replaced by PLC output relay A0.0.
How do you transform a circuit diagram into a PLC program? Rotate your circuit diagram 90 to the left. Your power rail will then usually appear on the left, with the grounding rail on the right. In the middle you will see the switching elements of your circuit. The circuit logic of a machine (e.g. time relays or flip-flops) which used to be implemented by wiring together switches, auxiliary contactors and control contactors, etc., is now handled by the PLC. Control elements such as input switches, selector switches, etc. on the input side, and power contactors (such as motor contactors, polarity reversers, valves, etc.) on the output side cannot be replaced by the PLC.
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Motor on/off
This is a network comment. It is used as a title for the network. This field is used to number and delimit the network.
Network 1
E0.0
A0.1
()
Power rail phase
This coil / output is active when the switch ahead of it (here: E0.1) is closed.
Networks are used to structure a program. You insert each current path into a network.
STL program
NETWORK LD E0.0 = A.0.0 NETWORK LD E0.1 = A0.1
FBD program
Statement list and function block diagram , examples of which are shown in the STL program and FBD program illustration, are further types of representation. You can switch between LAD, STL and FBD in the View menu. Basic Settings 1st Exercise Program More Exercises
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In the example, switch S0 is connected to input 0.0. If you now actuate the switch and observe the program in ladder status view, the operations which are passing current, i.e. are true, are filled in gray. The status of the operations is read out cyclically from the PLC and updated on the screen. In this context, online means looking inside the controller with a PC/ programming device in order to view the current states and their cyclic changes. Very fast events cannot be tracked in this way, because the transfer time required to output the data on the screen is too long. In the representation type function block diagram (FBD) a status view is possible, too.
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Statements
Control Statements
The control statement is the smallest unit of a PLC user program. A statement consists of an operation part and an operand part.
E0.0
Operation
(Do what ?) The operation part of a statement (in this case an AND logic operation) determines the function that is performed when the control statement is executed.
Operand
(... to what ?) The operand part of a statement (in this case input 0.0) contains the additional information for the control statement. It consists of an operand identifier and a parameter.
I 0.0
Operand identifier The operand identifier specifies an area of the PLC. In the above example, an operation is performed on an input. Other areas include outputs and bit memories. Parameter The parameter is the address of the operand. It consists of, e.g., a byte and bit address.
Structure of an operand I 0.2 Bit address: Decimal point: Byte address: Operand identifier (area identifier) Possible areas: bit number in the byte (0 to 7) separates byte address & bit number Number of a group of 8 bits
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Objective: Switch S2 is to be actuated in addition to switch S0 in the exercise program, in order to switch on the fan motor. As before, switch S1 will be used to reverse the direction of rotation of the fan motor.
S1 S2 K1
K0
K1
A verbal description of the function shown above: The motor should run when S0 AND S2 are actuated. In ladder diagram that means: when contacts E0.0 AND E0.2 are closed, current flows from the power rail to coil A0.0. The contacts are connected in series (AND logic). In our program, the logic is expressed as follows:
We no longer need to wire switch S2, since it is already connected to input E0.2 via the simulator. The next page describes how to select, insert, and delete a logic gate, and how to name the operands.
Ladder diagram of the circuit
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Select the function in the tool bar or activate the corresponding function key.
Select the type of function in the menu, in this case a normally-open contact.
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If you want to enter or change the operand later, you can select it again at any time by clicking the field with the mouse.
2. 1. 5.
3. 4.
If you want to test a modification ... Load the modifications onto the PLC and test the program. It should be necessary to actuate switches S0 and S2 in order to start the motor. View your program in ladder status mode and observe the switch settings.
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Deleting ...
Logic gates If you want to delete a logic gate again, select the corresponding gate with the mouse and press the DEL key. To close the current path again, you must establish a connection again.
Columns, rows, networks and lines If you want to delete a column, row, line or network proceed as follows: Select the desired object. Open the Delete window by selecting Delete from the Edit menu.
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S1 S2 K1
Objective: Switches S0 und S2 in the exercise program are to be actuated in order to switch on the motor. Switch S3 alone is to be used as an alternative in order to switch on the motor. Switch S1 is to be used to reverse the direction of rotation of the fan.
K0
K1
A verbal description of the function shown above: When (S0 AND S2) OR S3 are actuated, the motor should run. In ladder diagram that means : when contacts (I0.0 AND E0.2) OR E0.3 are closed, current flows from the power rail to coil A0.0. This is a parallel connection from S0 and S2 to S3 (OR logic operation). In our program, the logic is expressed as follows:
OR logic operation
We no longer need to wire switch S3, since it is already connected to input E0.3 via the simulator. The next page describes how to select and insert an OR logic gate with a connecting line.
Ladder diagram of the circuit
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Inserting an OR Element
Your program is now as shown on the previous page. Save your program and load it onto the PLC. Test the function. Hardware Software Basic Settings 1st Exercise Program More Exercises Appendix
34
Objective: In the following program modification, a time is to be inserted in exercise program 1 as an on-delay. When input E0.3 (S3) is activated on the simulator, a waiting time is started. Output 0.0, and thus the motor, is not activated until the waiting time has expired.
K1
S2
K2 K0
K1
Wiring work on the PLC because of the additional timer function: NONE. All necessary switches and actuators are already wired. The timer relay is replaced by a PLC function.
The following page introduces the on-delay timer function of the S7-200, which we will then include to obtain the opposite program.
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Set the time value of 1s by writing the value 100 to PT. The time value is calculated from the factor PT (here 100) and the timebase of the time. (T34 has a timebase of 10 ms, 100 x 10 ms = 1s).
Timebase 1 ms 10 ms 100 ms
Txx T0, , T32, T64, T96 T1-T4, T33-T36, T65-68, T97-T100 T5-T31, T37-T63, T69-T95, T101-T255
For CPU 212, timers with timebases of 1 ms, 10 ms and 100 ms are available. Timer must not be put to a dual use.
Every timer in the S7-200 has a status bit (time elapsed/not elapsed). This bit is called the timer bit. For the time T34 it is called T34. Input E0.3 must have the value 1, that is 1 s, before timer bit T34 is 1. If the delay has not elapsed when the enable signal IN is canceled, the timer is set to 0 and the timer bit is not set (see the timing chart below). You can use the timer bit like T34 normal operands.
IN e.g. E0.3 5 PT=5 i.e. 5 x 10 ms in T34 4 3 2 1 0 Txx e.g. T34 with base 10 ms 10 ms Timer bit of T34 1
T34
Timing chart for a time value of 50 ms Hardware Software Basic Settings 1st Exercise Program More Exercises Appendix
36
Save the program and transfer it to the PLC. Test its function.
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2. A window is displayed in which you can edit the symbol table. Enter the element that you want to
appear as plain text later on under name. Under address, enter the operand that you want to have replaced by a symbolic name. Under comment, you can enter a text that you find helpful. Dont forget to save your work.
Continued on next page Basic Settings 1st Exercise Program More Exercises
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3.
4.
5. The figure above shows the ladder diagram of the user program with symbolic addressing.
You can, of course, also program with symbolic addresses. As the operand, you must then enter S3, for example, you only have to make sure that this operand has already been entered in the symbol table.
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1.
2.
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4.
After these steps, you have now created a new project with a new program file. You can now work as in the usual way.
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Congratulations, now you know how to program the Micro PLC S7-200. If you want to learn more, you will find useful information in the appendix.
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Unanswered questions? Technical problems? The SIMATIC representatives will be glad to help.
Please contact the SIMATIC representative from whom you purchased the Starter Kit. If you cannot contact your SIMATIC representative, please call our SIMATIC hotline on +49 911 895-7000.
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Appendix
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20
1 bit =
If this bit position is 0 (= false or untrue ...) it has the value 0 because 0 * 20 = 0 (contents * value of bit position). If this bit position is 1 (=true) it has the value 1 because 1*20 = 1
This is the position of 20 in a byte ! Each bit position in the byte can have the value 1 or 0. The bits can be used individually (e.g. as switches) or as a group representing a number between 0 and 255. (27+26+25+24+23+22+21+20 = 255, 20=1, 21=2, 22=4, 23=8, 24=16, 25=32, 26=64, 27=128).
27
1 byte =
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
This is the position of the byte with the maximum value 255 in a word !
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Bit address (corresponds to the exponent of the bit value) Onboard inputs (E0.0 to E0.5) Address area of expansion modules for CPU 221 not possible as no expansion modules can be connected. Free area in process-image input table for CPU 221 (E0.6 to E7.7)
Bit address (corresponds to the exponent of the bit value) Onboard outputs (A0.0 to A0.4) Address area of expansion modules for CPU 221 not possible as no expansion modules can be connected. Free area in process-image output table for CPU 221 (A0.4 to A 15.7)
A15.
The address areas of a PLC are the memory areas in which the inputs and outputs of the control are mapped. For example, if a voltage is applied to a physical input, this 1 signal is mapped at an address in the memory that is assigned to this input. The memory areas which form the interface with the terminals (inputs and outputs) of the PLC are called the process image of the inputs (PII) and the process image of the outputs (PIO). These memory areas contain an image of the signals from the process.
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Begin of cycle
Inputs
Outputs
End of cycle
All SIMATIC PLCs operate cyclically. During each cycle, the switch states are first read in from the inputs, and then stored in the process-image input table. The control program is then executed on the basis of this information. The outputs in the process-image output table are subsequently controlled in accordance with the circuit logic of the program. The last step is to transfer the states from the process-image output table to the physical outputs. The cycle is then repeated.
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To
Siemens AG A&D AS MVM Gleiwitzer Str. 555 90475 Nuremberg Federal Republic of Germany
Dear user of the Micro PLC S7-200 We created the One Hour Primer so that, together with the Starter Kit, you can learn to use the Micro PLC S7-200 within a very short time. We are sure that you will easily find your way into the world of S7-200 with this primer. However, if you do have any suggestions, it is important to us to hear your opinion. Please send us this form, stating your name and your address so that we can contact you directly. Thank you A&D AS MVM
My suggestions:
A&D AS MVM/0699