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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

International General Certificate of Secondary Education

MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2008 question paper

0471 TRAVEL AND TOURISM

0471/01 Paper 1 (Written Paper), maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began.

All Examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in
candidates’ scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills
demonstrated.

Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.

• CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.

CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2008 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE
Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses.

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Q. No. Expected Answer Mark A.O.

1 (a) Identify four different ways in which the property’s beach area 4 B3.0
appeals to guests.
Award one mark for each of four identifications only from the following:
• Large, flat, sandy beach ( one physical detail)
• Beach is clean/no litter
• Litter bins provided
• Only a few sun loungers on beach
• Beach area is therefore uncrowded
• Loungers & umbrellas on grass area
• Palm trees for shade
• Life guard hut.
(b) Explain two ways in which the food and drink outlets, such as 4 B3.0
Fig. 1(b), provide a comfortable service environment for guests.
Award one mark for each of two valid identifications and a further one
mark for an appropriate explanation of each. Correct ideas include:
• Waiters (1) – table service (1)
• Sitting at tables (1) – easier to eat & drink from (1)
• Umbrellas (1) – shaded from sun (1)
• Stone floor (1) – easier to walk on (1)
Credit all valid reasoning.
(c) Explain four personal skills and qualities that members of staff in 5* 8 C1.0
resort properties would be expected to possess. C2.0
Award one mark for each of four valid service identifications appropriate to
the 5* context and a further one mark for an appropriate explanation of
each. Correct ideas include:
• Personal presentation (1) – professional appearance (1)
• Interpersonal (1) – relate to guest & also with colleagues (1)
• Communication (1) – foreign language (1)
• ICT (1) – work till (1)
• Follow customer care procedures (1) – exceed guest expectations (1)
• F&B knowledge (1) – explain menu etc (1)
Credit all valid reasoning.
(d) Suggest three ways in which food and drink outlets at 5* resort 3 C5.0
properties might promote special offers to guests.
This is clearly based on the idea of promotion but within the context of a 5*
beach resort. Award one mark for each of three valid suggestions such as:
• Chalk board
• Menu insert
• Table sign
• Room service guide
• Hotel newsletter
• Hotel notice board
Any other valid suggestion.

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(e) Discuss the range of negative environmental impacts that may result 6 A2.0
from the development of large coastal resort properties.
We are only interested in negative environmental impacts and candidates
can validly discuss coastal resort development issues/conditions in terms
of:
• Land e.g. visual pollution, congestion etc
• Sea e.g. oil spills, habitat destruction etc
• Air e.g. traffic fumes etc.
Furthermore, it should be clear as to how identifiable negative impacts
have been caused.

Use level of response criteria

Level 1 (1–2 marks) can be awarded for the identification of appropriate

environmental negative impacts

Level 2 (3–4 marks) for the analysis of 1 or 2 specific negative impacts,

with credit for valid solutions

Level 3 (5–6 marks) can be awarded for the evaluation of 2 or more

reasons leading to a conclusion about the relative importance of the forces
at work.
2 (a) Identify three Asian countries included in the WEF top 30 most 3 A4.0
attractive environments for the development of tourism. B3.0
Award one mark for the identification of each of three of the following:
• Hong Kong
• Singapore
• Japan
• Taiwan.
(b) Identify and explain two ways in which the United Nations World 4 A2.0
Tourism Organisation says countries like Malaysia benefit from
tourism.
Award one mark for the identification of each of two valid benefits and a
further one mark for an appropriate explanation of each. Correct ideas will
include:
• Foreign exchange (1) – improves balance of payments (1)
• Driver of growth/prosperity (1) – creates a multiplier effect (1)
• Poverty reduction (1) – wages (1)
• New jobs (1) – reduces unemployment (1).
Credit all valid reasoning from Fig. 2 information about economic impact.
(c) (i) What term best describes the climate of Malaysia? 1 B2.0
Award one mark for Equatorial (allow Tropical).
(ii) Will local time in Kuala Lumpur be in advance of or behind local time 1 B2.0
in the Middle East?
Award one mark for ‘in advance’.
(iii) How many degrees of latitude does Peninsular Malaysia cover? 1 B2.0
Award one mark for 5 degrees.
(iv) State whether Kuala Lumpur is located south or north of Singapore. 1 B1.0
Award one mark for North.

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(d) Explain four marketing and promotion methods that the Malaysia 8 A3.0
Tourism Promotion Board is likely to use in order to increase the C5.0
number of overseas visitors to the country.
Award one mark for the identification of each of four valid methods
appropriate to the National Tourist Board context and a further one mark
for an appropriate explanation of each. Correct ideas include:
• Website (1) – destination information (1)
• Overseas offices (1) – supply target markets (1)
• Publicity campaigns (1) – promote events (1)
• Travel fairs (1) – showcase facilities (1)
• Fam trips (1) – impress travel agents (1)
• Loyalty offers (1) – reward sales (1)
• Brochures & destination manuals (1) – available from offices or direct
(1)
Credit all valid reasoning.
(e) Discuss the ways in which major city destinations such as Kuala 6 A1.0
Lumpur meet the needs of business tourists. You should refer to B1.0
examples with which you are familiar.
B3.0
This is very open and allows candidates to show off their knowledge and
understanding about the needs of business tourists. It is expected that the D1.0
answer will be set in the context of a known destination.

Use level of response criteria

Level 1 (1–2 marks) will be descriptive of facilities such as airport access,
accommodation and conference venues

Level 2 (3–4 marks) will explain the use of identifiable facilities to the
business tourist

Level 3 (5–6 marks) will offer some evaluative comment and some idea as
to the relative importance of the identified facilities.
3 (a) Identify the four locations that have a special handicraft market just 4 C4.0
during the main tourist season.
Award one mark for each of the following:
• Paguera
• Santa Ponca
• Magaluf
• Palma Nova.
(b) Explain three ways in which the market held in the town of Calvia 6 B3.0
each Monday is likely to appeal to tourists.
Award one mark for the identification of each of three valid ways
appropriate to the market context and a further one mark for an
appropriate explanation of each. Correct ideas include:
• Oldest market (1) – USP in the area (1)
• 60+ stalls (1) – choice (1)
• Main street (1) – accessible to visitors (1)
• Calvia oldest town in area (1) – traditional, cultural appeal (1)
Credit all valid reasoning based on Fig. 3.

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(c) Many destinations are famous for their local food and drink. 5 B3.0
Complete the following table and identify a typical food or drink for
each country.
Award one mark for each appropriate choice such as:
• USA – hamburger
• Italy – pizza
• India – curry
• China – rice
• UK – fish & chips.
(d) In many destinations, visitors can go on ‘food-themed’ tours. Explain 4 D1.0
two ways in which such tours will be organised. D2.0
Most candidates may well talk about the experience but we can accept any
valid points about tourists taking part in an excursion. Award one mark for
each of two valid identifications and a second mark for an appropriate
explanatory development of each, covering such matters as:
• Booking at hotel tour desk (1) – taken by coach (1)
• Tour guide at destination (1) – shown round in group at set time (1)
• Different groups at different times (1) – avoids congestion (1)
• Tasting (1) – chance to buy (1)
Credit all valid reasoning.
(e) Discuss the visitor appeal of one cultural attraction with which you 6 A1.0
are familiar. B3.0
This is quite specific, expect precise details about an identifiable cultural
D1.0
visitor attraction and the ways in which its facilities appeal to all
appropriate types of visitor.

Use level of response criteria

Level 1 (1–2 marks) awarded for simple description of the attraction’s

features/facilities

Level 2 (3–4 marks) for analysis of 1 or 2 features showing clearly the

appeal to particular types of visitor e.g. business versus leisure

Level 3 (5–6 marks) for evaluative comment about 2 or more of the

attractions features and some conclusion about what is most
important/significant.
4 (a) Outline three reasons to explain why visitors with only 24 hours to 3 B1.0
spend in Seoul are advised to take the City Bus Tour.
Award one mark for the identification of each of three valid reasons and a
second mark for an appropriate development of each. Correct ideas based
on Fig. 4 will include:
• Tour takes in main sites (1) – convenient (1)
• Hop on, hop off (1) – allow visits (1)
• Tour guide (1) – explains sites (1)
• 35 seats (1) – never too crowded (1)
• Bus special design (1) – comfortable (1)
Credit all valid reasoning.

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(b) Visitors planning a stopover in Seoul can research the destination 6 B3.0
before they travel. Explain how three different sources of information C4.0
are of use to such visitors.
D1.0
Award one mark for the identification of three valid sources of visitor
information and a second mark for an appropriate explanation of their
usefulness. Correct ideas include:
• Internet (1) – large range of material (1)
• National Tourist Board office (1) – send destination details on request
(1)
• Guide books (1) – advice & suggestions (1)
• TV programmes (1) – opinions (1)
• Travel agency staff (1) – availability (1)
• Other people (1) – personal experiences (1)
Credit all valid reasoning.
(c) Many European visitors arriving in Seoul will be travelling economy 6 D1.0
class on a long haul scheduled flight. Identify four in-flight services D2.0
provided for the convenience of economy class passengers.
Award one mark for each of four valid identifications such as:
• Meals appropriate to journey time
• Free drinks
• Entertainment
• Pillows, blankets etc
• Child services
• Special needs etc
Credit all valid in-flight services.
(d) Seoul has many rival stopover destinations for travel between 4 D4.0
Europe and Australia. In the table below, circle the three destinations
that are important stopover destinations for passengers travelling to
Australia from Europe.
Award one mark for each of:
• Dubai
• Hong Kong
• Singapore.
(e) Not all passengers passing through Seoul will have a stopover. 6 D4.0
These passengers are described as being in transit. Discuss the
range of services that major international airports provide for
passengers who are in transit.
The concept of the transit lounge may not be familiar to all candidates but
we can accept all air-side facilities and services. However, expect more
than just duty free for the higher marks.

Use level of response criteria

Level 1 (1–2 marks) will be descriptive of air-side products, services &

facilities.

Level 2 (3–4 marks) will analyse the usefulness of 2 or more identifiable

facilities to the transiting passenger

Level 3 (5–6 marks) will offer evaluative comment about 2 or more valid
services and thus come to a conclusion about the provision offered.

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