Multimedia

Janine R.
Rosales
BSIT-3
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM
1. BASIC PARTS OF DIGITAL CAMERA
 LENS: A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light

beam by means of refraction.
 SHUTTER: The shutter is a curtain in front of the camera sensor that remains
closed until you start shooting. It controls how long the sensor is exposed to
light to record an image.
 APERTURE: Aperture refers to the opening of a lens's diaphragm through

which light passes. It is calibrated in f/stops and is generally written as
numbers such as 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11 and 16. Lower f/stops give more
exposure because they represent the larger apertures, while the higher
f/stops give less exposure because they represent smaller apertures.
 IMAGE SENSOR: An image sensor is a device that allows the camera to
convert photons that is, light into electrical signals that can be interpreted by
the device.
 VIEWFINDER: A camera component that shows the photographer the area of

the subject that will be included in a photograph.
 BODY: A camera body is the main part of the digital camera, which contains
the controls, the LCD, the internal image sensor, and the associated circuitry.
 MEMORY CARD SLOT: Digital cameras store images and videos on removable
memory cards. Common types of memory cards include SD (Secure Digital),
CF (CompactFlash), and microSD.
2. DSLR VS MIRRORLESS CAMERA
 DSLR (Digital Single-Lens Reflex) Camera:
A type of digital camera that utilizes a mirror mechanism to reflect light from
the lens into an optical viewfinder. When the shutter button is pressed, the
mirror flips up, allowing light to strike the image sensor directly, capturing
the image. They typically offer fast autofocus performance and have a wide
range of compatible lenses.
 Mirrorless Camera:
A type of digital camera that lacks a mirror mechanism found in DSLRs.
Instead, light passes directly onto the camera's image sensor, which is either
viewed through an electronic viewfinder (EVF) or displayed on an LCD screen.
Mirrorless cameras are generally more compact and lightweight than DSLRs,
offering features such as fast continuous shooting speeds and advanced
video capabilities.
3. 2 BASIC TYPES OF LENSES
 ZOOM LENS: A zoom lens is a system of camera lens elements for which the
focal length can be varied, as opposed to a fixed-focal-length lens.
 PRIME LENS: In film and photography, a prime lens is a fixed focal length
photographic lens, typically with a maximum aperture from f2.8 to f1.2.
4. EXPOSURE TRIANGLE (aperture, shutter speed, iso)
 Aperture is the lens opening size, measured in f-stops, that controls light and
depth of field. Larger apertures allow more-light, while smaller apertures
reduce it. A wide aperture blurs the background, emphasizing the subject,
while a narrow aperture keeps more of the scene in focus.
 Shutter speed is the duration the camera's shutter remains open to expose
the sensor to light, measured in seconds. Fast shutter speeds freeze motion,
while slow ones allow motion blur, but may require a tripod for sharp images.
 ISO measures camera sensor sensitivity to light, with lower values requiring
more-light for exposure and higher values increasing sensitivity for low-light
conditions. Adjustments depend on lighting and desired image quality.
5. 4 BASIC EXPOSURE MODES
 APERTURE PRIORITY: Aperture priority is a camera mode that allows users to

set a specific aperture value, while the camera selects a shutter speed to
match it, ensuring proper exposure based on lighting conditions.
 SHUTTER PRIORITY: Shutter priority, also called time value, refers to a setting
on cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the
camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.
 PROGRAM AUTO: The programmed auto mode of your camera automatically
adjusts shutter speed and aperture, based on a built-in program.
 MANUAL: Manual mode in a digital camera allows photographers to

individually set exposure settings like aperture, shutter speed, and ISO, unlike
automatic or semi-automatic modes.

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Janine R.

 LENS: A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light

 APERTURE: Aperture refers to the opening of a lens's diaphragm through

 VIEWFINDER: A camera component that shows the photographer the area of

3. 2 BASIC TYPES OF LENSES

5. 4 BASIC EXPOSURE MODES

 APERTURE PRIORITY: Aperture priority is a camera mode that allows users to

 MANUAL: Manual mode in a digital camera allows photographers to

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