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    G9 - Unit 10 - Vocabulary & Grammar

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    vongtranduykhoi020409v.t
    The document discusses vocabulary related to life on other planets, including terms like UFO, spacecraft, evidence, and alien. It also covers grammar points such as using modals like may and might to talk about possibility and permission. Conditional sentences are explained, including real conditions with will/can (type 1) and unreal present conditions with would/could (type 2).

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    G9 - Unit 10 - Vocabulary & Grammar

    Uploaded by

    vongtranduykhoi020409v.t
    19 views6 pages
    The document discusses vocabulary related to life on other planets, including terms like UFO, spacecraft, evidence, and alien. It also covers grammar points such as using modals like may and might to talk about possibility and permission. Conditional sentences are explained, including real conditions with will/can (type 1) and unreal present conditions with would/could (type 2).

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    G9_UNIT 10_VOCABULARY %26 GRAMMAR

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    The document discusses vocabulary related to life on other planets, including terms like UFO, spacecraft, evidence, and alien. It also covers grammar points such as using modals like may and might to talk about possibility and permission. Conditional sentences are explained, including real conditions with will/can (type 1) and unreal present conditions with would/could (type 2).

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views6 pages

    G9 - Unit 10 - Vocabulary & Grammar

    Uploaded by

    vongtranduykhoi020409v.t
    The document discusses vocabulary related to life on other planets, including terms like UFO, spacecraft, evidence, and alien. It also covers grammar points such as using modals like may and might to talk about possibility and permission. Conditional sentences are explained, including real conditions with will/can (type 1) and unreal present conditions with would/could (type 2).

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 6

    UNIT 10: LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS

    PART 1. VOCABULARY.
    1. planet /ˈplæn.ɪt/ (n): hành tinh
    2. UFO /juː.efˈəʊ/ (n) = Unidentified Flying Object: vật thể bay không xác đinh, đĩa bay
    3. exist /ig'zist/ (v): tồn tại, có, có thật
    Ex: Does life exist on other planets?

    → existence /ɪɡˈzɪs.təns/ (n): sự tồn tại

    4. object /ˈɒb.dʒɪkt/ (n): vật thể; đồ vật → flying object (n): vật thể bay

    5. spacecraft /ˈspeɪs.krɑːft/ (n) (pl. spacecraft): tàu vũ trụ

    6. aircraft /ˈeə.krɑːft/ (n) (pl. aircraft): máy bay

    7. balloon /ba'lu:n/ (n): khinh khí cầu → weather balloon: khinh khí cầu khí tượng
    8. meteor /ˈmiː.ti.ɔːr/ (n): sao băng
    → meteoric /ˌmiː.tiˈɒr.ɪk/ (a): thuộc sao băng
    9. evidence /ˈev.ɪ.dəns/ (n) = proof: bằng chứng, chứng cứ
    Ex: There is some evidence for the existence of life on other planets.
    -> to evidence (v) = prove: chứng tỏ, chứng minh
    10. experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ (v) trải qua
    → experience (n): kinh nghiệm
    → experienced (a) có kinh nghiệm ≠ inexperienced (a) không có kinh nghiệm
    11. sighting /ˈsaɪtɪŋ/ (n): sự trông thấy, bị trông thấy; cơ hội nhìn thấy
    → sight /saɪt/ (v): nhìn thấy
    → sight (n): khả năng nhìn, tầm nhìn, cảnh
    12. alien /ˈeɪliən/ (n): người ngoài hành tinh
    → alien (adj): xa lạ
    13. claim /kleɪm/ (v): khẳng định, cho là
    → claim (n): lời tuyền bố, lời khẳng định
    14. shape /ʃeɪp/ (n): hình, hình dạng
    shaped /ʃeɪpt/ (adj): có hình dáng được nói rõ
    → egg-shaped (adj): có hình quả trứng

    15. sample /ˈsɑːmpl/ (n): mẫu, vật mẫu → soil sample (n): mẫu đất

    16. capture /ˈkæptʃə(r)/ (v): bắt, bắt giữ → capture (n): sự bắt giữ; sự bị bắt giữ
    17. aboard /əˈbɔːd/ = on board: ở trên hoặc lên lên trên (tàu, xe lửa, xe buýt, máy bay)
    EX: He traveled aboard the space shuttle Discovery.
    18. disappear /dɪs.əˈpɪər/ (v) biến mất ≠ appear (v): xuất hiện
    → disappearance /ˌdɪs.əˈpɪə.rəns/ (n) sự biến mất ≠ appearance (n) sự xuất hiện
    19. –like (suffix): giống như, mang đặc trưng của
    → plate-like (a): giống cái đĩa
    → man-like (a): giống như con người
    20. device /dɪˈvaɪs/ (n): thiết bị, dụng cụ
    21. treetop /ˈtriː.tɒp/ (n): ngọn cây
    22. creature /ˈkriː.tʃər/ (n): sình vật, loài vật
    → creatures from outer space: những sinh vật ngoài không gian

    23. Mars /mɑːz/ (n): sao Hỏa

    24. mineral /ˈmɪnərəl/ (n): khoáng sản, khoáng chất


    Ex: Coal and iron are minerals.

    25. microorganism /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈɔːɡənɪzəm/ (n): vi sinh vật

    Ex: Microorganisms are so small that you can see only with a microscope.
    26. gemstone /ˈdʒemstəʊn/ (n): đá quý

    27. sparkle /ˈspɑːkl/ (v): lấp lánh


    → sparkling /ˈspɑːklɪŋ/ (adj): lấp lánh, lóng lánh

    28. precious /ˈpreʃəs/ (adj): quỷ, quý giá, quý báu


    → precious stone (n): đá quý
    → preciousness /ˈpreʃ.əs.nəs/ (n): sự quý giá
    29. space /speɪs/ (n) {cũng outer space): không gian, vũ trụ
    → space trip (n): chuyến du hành vũ trụ
    → spacious /ˈspeɪʃəs/ (a): rộng rãi
    30. physical /ˈfɪzɪkl/ / (adj): (thuộc) thể chất, (thuộc) cơ thể
    → physical condition (n): tình trạng sức khỏe
    31. push-up /ˈpʊʃ ʌp/ (n): môn thể dục hít đất
    32. orbit /ˈɔːbɪt/ (v): di chuyển theo quỹ đạo (quanh cái gì)
    Ex: The spacecraft have orbited the moon.
    → orbit /ˈɔːbɪt/ (n): quỹ đạo
    → in/ into orbit: vào quỹ đạo

    33. marvelous /ˈmɑːvələs/ (a): tuyệt vời, diệu kì

    → marvelously /ˈmɑːvələsli/ (adv): một cách tuyệt vời

    → marvel /ˈmɑːvl/ (n): điều diệu kì, kì công

    34. flying saucer /ˌflaɪɪŋ ˈsɔːsə(r)/ (n): đĩa bay


    35. trick /trɪk/ (n): trò bịp, mẹo, thủ thuật
    → a trick of light: ảo ảnh của ánh sáng
    → tricky (a)
    36. trace /treɪs/ (n): dấu vết
    → trace (v): theo, lần theo dấu (ai/ cái gì)
    37. mysterious /mɪˈstɪəriəs/ (adj): bí ẩn, kỳ lạ, huyền bí
    → mystery /ˈmɪstri/ (n): bí mật, điều bí ẩn; điều huyền bí
    PART 2. GRAMMAR.
    I. Modals – May/ Might:
    Modal verbs ‘may’ and ‘might’ are used mainly to talk about possibility. They can also be used
    to make a request, to ask for permission, or to make a suggestion.

    S + may/ might (not) + verb bare.

    Ex: - I may go to Hanoi next week.


    - He might be a few minutes late.
    - She may not want to come with us.
     'Might' is used as the past tense of 'may' in the reported speech:
    Ex: He said he might come the following day.
     ‘May’ and ‘Might’ are used to ask for permission in a formal way.
    ‘Might’ is used in a very formal way and often used in indirect questions.
    Ex: - May I borrow your phone?
    - I wonder if I might speak to your son.
     'May' is used to give permission, and ‘may not’ is used to refuse permission (DON’T
    USE ‘MIGHT’ or ‘MIGHT NOT’:
    Ex: 1. May I come in and wait?
    → Yes, of course you may./ No, I’m afraid you may not.
     'May' is used to express wishes and hopes in a formal way (DO NOT USE
    ‘MIGHT’):
    Ex: May you both very happy.

     Comparison:

    May Might
    Time Use in the present Often used in the past
    Possibility 50% 30%
    Asking for permission Both can be used to ask for permission, but ‘Might’ is more
    polite than ‘May’.
    II. Conditional sentences – type 1 and type 2:
    1. The first conditional (Real condition).
    We use the first conditional when we talk about future situations we believe are real or
    possible.
    Ex:
    1. If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll go to the beach.
    2. Arsenal will be top of the league if they win.
    3. When I finish work, I'll call you.

    The structure:
    If/ When S + V_present simple, S will/ can + V_bare.

    Ex:
    1. I'll leave as soon as the babysitter arrives.
    2. I won’t stay in London unless I get a well-paid job.
    3. I'll give you a key in case I'm not at home.
    4. You can go to the party, as long as you're back by midnight.

    2. The second conditional (Unreal condition in the present).


    We use the second conditional to talk about present or future situations that are impossible
    or unlikely in reality.
    Ex:
    1. If I had much money, I would buy a car.
    2. If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.
    3. If my dad were here, I could know what to do.
    The structure:
    If S + V2/ed, S would/ could + V_bare.

    Notes:
    - To express conditional clauses, we can use 'unless' (If …not…) or similar phrases with 'if' such
    as 'in case, provided/ providing (that), as long as, so long as, on condition (that), suppose/
    supposing (that)’.
    - To invert first conditional sentences, we replace ‘if’ with ‘should’ and change the verb into the
    infinitive.
    Ex: Should he have free time, he’ll play tennis.
    - To invert second conditional sentences, we replace ‘if’ with ‘were’ and change the verb form to
    ‘to + infinitive’.
    Ex: - Were the Sun to disappear, Earth would no longer be able to support life.
    - Were she prime minister, she would invest more money in schools.
    - Were I not so busy, I would do it for you.

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