Energy Resources

ENERGY RESOURCES Dr Josephine D’silva
Learning objectives
RESOURCES OF ENERGY:
There are two possible resources of energy
1.Renewable Resources:
these resources are recycled and used again and again like solar ,geothermal
and water, These resources are usually environmental friendly.
An energy source that is quickly replenished is renewable.
2.Non Renewable resources:
These resources are used only once and can not be recyled like nuclear,
petroleum and natural gas. These resources mostly cause pollution in the
environment.
An energy source that is not quickly replenished is nonrenewable.
3
GENERATING ELECTRICITY
Electricity is a useful form of energy transfer.
Energy sources are often converted into electricity, which can be distributed to
households and industries safely and efficiently.
Consider: cost, reliability, scale,
environmental impact, renewable
FOSSIL FUELS
or nonrenewable
Coal, oil and natural gas are commonly used fossil fuels. They
mostly contain hydrocarbons, which are burned to release thermal
and light energy.
Coal formed from ancient trees that
fell, were buried, and partially
decomposed millions of years ago.
Oil and gas formed from ancient
microorganisms millions of years ago.
BLOCK DIAGRAM: THERMAL POWER PLANT
thermal
energy kinetic
chemical internal work electrical
energy in
energy in energy in
from turbine and
fossil fuels steam done energy
combustio generator
n
NUCLEAR ENERGY environmental impact, renewable

or nonrenewable
Radioactive materials such

as uranium and plutonium
are used as nuclear fuel in
power plants to generate
electricity.
The process that provides
energy in these power
plants is nuclear fission.
Research is underway to design and construct power plants that
utilize nuclear fusion to generate electricity, though it has
proven to be challenging. If developed, it would be possible to
generate clean, cheap power almost indefinitely.
BLOCK DIAGRAM: NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
thermal
nuclear kinetic
energy internal work electrical
energy in energy in
energy(KE)
radioactive turbine and
from nuclear in steam done energy
nuclei generator
reactions
WATER POWER
Consider: cost, reliability,
scale, environmental impact,
renewable or nonrenewable
Water power (or hydro-power) is utilized

in water wheels, whenever moving water
is available.
On larger scale, water is stored in dams,
which can turn turbines when released,
and generate electricity.
BLOCK DIAGRAM: HYDROELECTRIC (HYDEL) POWER PLANT
water
gravitational kinetic kinetic
falling work electrical
potential energy in energy in
energy in high flowing turbine and
under done energy
water water generator
gravity
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Hot underground rocks, when accessible
near the Earth’s surface, are used to
produce steam, which can heat homes and
generate electricity.
BLOCK DIAGRAM: GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT
kinetic
internal work electrical
energy in
energy in
turbine and
steam done energy
generator
WIND AND WAVE ENERGY Consider: cost, reliability, scale,
or nonrenewable
Energy from the Sun drives wind and waves on the Earth.
Windmills are used for grinding and pumping water. Turbines are used to generate electricity from
wind and waves.
BLOCK DIAGRAM: WIND FARM AND WAVE POWER PLANT
kinetic kinetic
work electrical
energy in energy in
wind or turbine and
done energy
waves generator
TIDAL ENERGY or nonrenewable
Gravitational potential energy between

the Earth and the Moon drives tides.
Turbines are used to generate electricity
from the movement of water between tides.
BLOCK DIAGRAM: TIDAL POWER PLANT
kinetic kinetic
work electrical
energy in energy in
flowing turbine and
done energy
water generator
SOLAR ENERGY Consider: cost, reliability, scale,
or nonrenewable
Solar heating is the process of

using Sun’s radiant energy
directly for uses such as cooking,
heating homes, and warming up
water for washing.
Panels with solar cells
(photovoltaic cells, or photocells)
can generate electricity for
domestic and industrial uses.
BLOCK DIAGRAM: SOLAR POWER PLANT
light
energy internal electrical
energy of
from the photocell energy
Sun
BIOMASS FUELS Consider: cost, reliability, scale,
or nonrenewable
Wood is an important biomass fuel

that comes from trees and shrubs.
Other biomass fuels include animal
dung and biogas.
These fuels are burnt mainly for
cooking and heating homes.
RENEWABLE VS NONRENEWABLE: SUMMARY
renewable nonrenewable
biomass (regenerated/replanted?)
water fossil fuels
solar nuclear
wind and wave
tidal
geothermal
ENERGY DIAGRAM: A CASE STUDY
LET’S PRACTICE: ELECTRICITY GENERATION (1)

Energy Resources

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Energy Resources

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ENERGY RESOURCES Dr Josephine D’silva

NUCLEAR ENERGY environmental impact, renewable

Radioactive materials such

Water power (or hydro-power) is utilized

TIDAL ENERGY or nonrenewable

Gravitational potential energy between

Solar heating is the process of

Wood is an important biomass fuel

wind and wave

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