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Capitol University
Cagayan de Oro City
National Service Training Program

Community Needs Assessment Report in

Sitio/Purok Bolonsiri, Barangay Camaman-an, Cagayan de Oro City

A partial fulfillment of all the requirements in the NSTP 2

For the 2nd semester of SY 2023-2024

Presented to:
Mrs. Andrea Roselle C. Mabao

Presented by:
Advincula, Bea P.
Alcantara, Riadel S.
Amora, Mary Queen C.
Avila, Joanna Rica
Ayuda, Saint Angel Mish C.
Locsin, Rex Heins
Lumamba, Ludilyn T.
Maboloc, Rhonalyn A.
Obsioma, Nizel Desiree L.
Rafols, Maria Yrrah
Tadlas, Jesselle V.
Zea, Aaron Reijan N.
CE 107
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Contents
I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 3
Background of the Study ....................................................................................................................... 3
II. COMMUNITY PROFILE.................................................................................................................... 4
Rationale of the Study ............................................................................................................................ 4
Cultural Profile .......................................................................................................................................... 5
Social Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 6
III. GEOGRAPHICAL AND POLITICAL PROFILE ........................................................................ 7
Land Area and the Location .................................................................................................................. 7
Political Structure .................................................................................................................................... 8
Map of the DDU Community .................................................................................................................. 9
IV. PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA ......................................................................... 10
Profile of the Respondents .................................................................................................................. 10
Needs and Program Assessment ...................................................................................................... 14
V. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................. 18
VI. RECOMMENDATION .................................................................................................................. 18
VII. APPENDIX .................................................................................................................................... 19
Documentation ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) Letter ...................................................................................... 20
Questionnaires ....................................................................................................................................... 21
COMMUNITY MAP .................................................................................................................................. 23
BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................................................... 24
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I. INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Deprived, depressed, and underprivileged (DDU) communities represent a subset of
society that faces numerous adversities, ranging from socio-economic inequality and
limited access to basic necessities to mental health challenges and social exclusion. This
research paper aims to shed light on the root causes, consequences, and potential
solutions for these communities in order to advocate for their rights, well-being, and social
integration (NBER, 2020). Undertaking this study help identify the gaps, barriers, and
opportunities that exist within the community regarding resources, services, and
infrastructure. By analyzing the Community Needs Assessment Report, we aim to
uncover the specific areas of concern, such as access to healthcare, availability of
educational programs, or the need for research and development initiatives (Akintobi et
al., 2018). This information will be crucial in guiding the allocation of resources, the design
of relevant programs, and the implementation of effective solutions that cater to the
unique needs of the community. By aligning the community's needs with the available
resources and expertise, we hope to facilitate the creation of sustainable and impactful
solutions that improve the overall well-being and quality of life for the residents.
In this study, survey research methodology was employed to gather data from
community members in order to identify the needs, priorities, and concerns of the
community. The survey is designed to collect information from a representative sample of
community members, aiming to capture a diverse range of perspectives. The survey
questions are carefully crafted to elicit responses related to the specific areas of interest,
such as healthcare, education, infrastructure, social services, or any other relevant
domains. The questions may inquire about the current resources available, existing
challenges, and desired improvements in the community. To ensure accuracy and validity,
researchers employ various techniques to properly administer the survey, such as
conducting in-person interviews. The collected survey responses are then compiled and
analyzed using statistical methods to derive meaningful insights and trends.
The research study is expected to provide a comprehensive understanding of the
unique needs, challenges, and opportunities of the target community. It involves a
detailed understanding of the community's demographic profile. This includes information
on the age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and other relevant characteristics of
the population. This data can help researchers identify gaps in service provision and
pinpoint areas where additional resources or support may be needed. By understanding
the community's current landscape, researchers can develop strategies that build upon
existing strengths and address identified needs.
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II. COMMUNITY PROFILE

Rationale of the Study

The selection of Barangay Camaman-an in Cagayan de Oro City as the focal point
for a community needs assessment study reflects a deliberate and strategic decision
informed by various considerations. Barangay Camaman-an, nestled within the vibrant
city of Cagayan de Oro in the Philippines, represents a microcosm of diverse
communities, each with its own unique set of challenges, aspirations, and needs. In this
study, researchers will explore the underlying community issues which lies the imperative
to improve the well-being and quality of life of residents.
Barangay Camaman-an is characterized by a mix of urban and rural areas, with
residents engaged in diverse livelihoods ranging from agriculture and fishing to trade and
services. Despite its proximity to urban centers, the barangay grapples with persistent
challenges such as poverty, inadequate infrastructure, limited access to healthcare and
education, and vulnerability to natural hazards. The socio-economic context of Barangay
Camaman-an presents a compelling case for conducting a needs assessment to
understand the underlying dynamics shaping community well-being and resilience. The
demographic composition of Barangay Camaman-an adds another layer of complexity to
the community's needs and priorities. With a population comprising various ethnicities,
socio-economic backgrounds, and age groups, the barangay embodies the rich tapestry
of diversity that characterizes Philippine society. Understanding the unique needs and
vulnerabilities of different demographic groups from children and youth to the elderly,
women, and indigenous communities is essential for designing inclusive and equitable
interventions that leave no one behind.
Beyond its socio-economic and demographic dimensions, Barangay Camaman-an
holds geographical significance that makes it an ideal location for a needs assessment
study. Situated along the Cagayan de Oro River basin, the barangay is susceptible to
flooding and other natural hazards, exacerbating existing vulnerabilities and posing
challenges to sustainable development efforts. By focusing on Barangay Camaman-an,
researchers can gain insights into the broader regional dynamics and interconnectedness
of urban and rural development processes, informing holistic approaches to community
resilience and disaster risk reduction. Ultimately, the choice of Barangay Camaman-an
for a needs assessment study is driven by the researchers' commitment to making a
meaningful impact on the ground. By collaborating with local stakeholders, including
barangay officials, community leaders, civil society organizations, and residents
themselves, researchers seek to co-create knowledge that informs evidence-based
decision-making and action.
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Historical Profile

Barangay Camaman-an in Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines, has a diverse and storied
historical background that stretches back centuries. Before Spanish colonization, the area
was inhabited by indigenous peoples, predominantly the Higaonon tribe, who lived off the
land and engaged in traditional agricultural practices. With the arrival of the Spanish in
the 16th century, Camaman-an likely became part of the Spanish hacienda system, where
large tracts of land were controlled by Spanish settlers or the Church. Throughout the
Spanish colonial period, Camaman-an would have been influenced by Spanish culture
and governance, though the indigenous way of life persisted to a significant extent. The
American colonial period in the early 20th century brought further changes, with the
introduction of modern infrastructure and administrative structures. The barangay system,
which is still in place today, was established during this time, with Camaman-an becoming
an integral part of local governance.
In the post-war period, Camaman-an experienced rapid urbanization and
development, fueled by migration from rural areas and economic opportunities in the
growing city. The barangay transformed from a predominantly agricultural area into a
bustling residential and commercial hub, with a mix of traditional and modern influences
shaping its identity. Today, Barangay Camaman-an continues to thrive as a vibrant
community, home to a diverse population engaged in various economic activities. Its rich
history and cultural heritage remain integral to its identity, with efforts to preserve and
celebrate its past while embracing the challenges and opportunities of the present and
future.

Cultural Profile
Barangay Camaman-an in Cagayan de Oro City, like many areas in the Philippines,
boasts a rich cultural tapestry shaped by the interplay of various ethnicities, traditions,
and lifestyles. This barangay serves as a home to indigenous peoples, notably the
Bukidnon and Higaonon communities. These indigenous groups infuse the barangay with
their distinct cultural practices, beliefs, and languages, deeply rooted in reverence for the
land, nature, and ancestral heritage. From intricate music and dance performances to
sacred rituals honoring their ancestors, the Bukidnon and Higaonon people weave a
tapestry of tradition and resilience, preserving their cultural identity amidst modernization
and change.
Alongside indigenous populations, Barangay Camaman-an is inhabited by Christian
Filipinos, predominantly adherents of Roman Catholicism. Catholic traditions form an
integral part of community life, with church fiestas and religious observances fostering a
sense of unity and camaraderie among residents. Family values, hospitality, and respect
for elders shape the fabric of everyday life, strengthening social bonds and community
solidarity. While smaller in number, Muslim Filipinos from Maranao and Maguindanao
ethnicities also contribute to the cultural diversity of Barangay Camaman-an. Islamic
traditions, including prayer rituals, dietary practices, and social customs, imbue the
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community with a unique flavor, reflecting the intricacies of religious and cultural pluralism
that defines the Philippines. Despite differences in religious observance, mutual respect
and coexistence prevail, fostering harmony and understanding among diverse cultural
groups.
The lifestyle and livelihoods of Barangay Camaman-an residents are as diverse as the
cultural intricacies that defines them. Agriculture, encompassing farming and fishing,
remains a cornerstone of livelihood for many, particularly in rural areas where agricultural
traditions are deeply ingrained. Small-scale entrepreneurship, trade, and service-oriented
businesses thrive in urban pockets, reflecting the dynamic economic landscape of the
barangay. Traditional practices such as bayanihan (communal labor) and barter trading
may still be observed, underscoring the resilience and adaptability of community life in
Barangay Camaman-an.

Social Profile
Barangay Camaman-an, situated within the bustling city of Cagayan de Oro in the
Philippines, is not just a geographical entity but a vibrant community teeming with
diverse social dynamics, interactions, and structures. At the heart of Barangay
Camaman-an's social profile lie different family structures that serve as the cornerstone
of community life. Traditional Filipino values of close-knit family ties, respect for elders,
and intergenerational support permeate the fabric of social relationships within the
barangay. Extended families living in close proximity often share resources,
responsibilities, and celebrations, fostering a sense of belonging and mutual assistance.
While nuclear families are common, variations in family arrangements exist, influenced
by factors such as migration, urbanization, and socio-economic status.
Barangay Camaman-an is home to a myriad of community organizations, grassroots
initiatives, and civil society groups that play a pivotal role in addressing local needs and
promoting social cohesion. Barangay councils, youth organizations, women's groups,
and cooperatives serve as platforms for civic engagement, advocacy, and community
development initiatives. Through collaborative efforts and partnerships with government
agencies, non-profit organizations, and private stakeholders, these institutions mobilize
resources, build social capital, and empower residents to participate actively in shaping
the future of their barangay.
In conclusion, Barangay Camaman-an in Cagayan de Oro City is characterized by a
complex and dynamic social profile shaped by diverse demographic compositions,
family structures, social networks, community organizations, and the challenges that
confront residents. By unpacking these social dynamics through research and analysis,
stakeholders can develop targeted interventions, policies, and programs that promote
social inclusion, strengthen community resilience, and foster a sense of belonging and
well-being for all residents of Barangay Camaman-an.
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III. GEOGRAPHICAL AND POLITICAL PROFILE

Land Area and the Location

Barangay Camaman-an covering a land area of approximately 743.36 hectares,
Barangay Camaman-an is strategically located in the northern part of Cagayan de Oro
City, within the province of Misamis Oriental on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines.
Its geographical coordinates 8.4732, 124.6619 (8° 28' North, 124° 40' East) place it within
the larger urban fabric of the city, surrounded by neighboring barangays and key
geographical features. Barangay Camaman-an shares its boundaries with several other
barangays within Cagayan de Oro City, each contributing to the broader socio-economic
and cultural landscape of the area. While the specific boundaries may vary, typical
neighboring barangays include:
1. To the north: Barangay Balulang
2. To the south: Barangay Canitoan
3. To the east: Barangay Lumbia
4. To the west: Barangay Pigsag-an
Within Barangay Camaman-an, a plenty of establishments and facilities cater to the
diverse needs of its residents and visitors alike.
1. Barangay Hall: Serving as the administrative nerve center, the barangay hall is
where local government officials oversee barangay affairs and provide essential
services to the community.
2. Health Center: A crucial facility offering basic healthcare services, vaccinations,
and maternal care to residents, promoting public health and well-being.
3. Educational Institutions: Elementary and high schools provide academic
instruction to students, fostering educational development and lifelong learning
within the barangay.
4. Places of Worship: Churches and religious institutions serve as spiritual
sanctuaries, providing residents with opportunities for worship, reflection, and
community engagement.
5. Marketplaces and Commercial Areas: Local markets, stores, and commercial
establishments offer goods and services, facilitating economic transactions and
livelihood opportunities for residents.
6. Barangay Gymnasium: A multipurpose venue for sports events, cultural activities,
and community gatherings, promoting physical fitness and social cohesion.
In addition to these establishments, Barangay Camaman-an is home to a mix of
private and government facilities, including residential homes, businesses, and
enterprises that contribute to the vibrant economic landscape of the barangay, offering
a diverse array of services and amenities to residents. Apart from the barangay hall
and health center, government facilities such as police outposts, fire stations, and
public utilities ensure the safety, security, and well-being of residents within Barangay
Camaman-an.
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Updated Population

This study aims to determine the population of Barangay Camaman-an. Based on the
historical population, we may predict Camaman-an's population in 2024 by estimating
the population growth rate between 2015 and 2020 censuses. Furthermore, the growth
rate during this time was 2.78%. Using this growth rate and the 2020 population of
35,238, we may project the population in 2024 to be around 36,252 resident (PSA,
2024). The Barangay Camaman-an's population provides useful information for the
municipality's planning and decision-making processes for their community. However, it
is crucial that continuous monitoring and updating of demographic data is required to
refine and validate population estimates over time.
Estimating the population of Barangay Camaman-an is essential to the efficient
development and planning of cities in Cagayan de Oro City. This study provides a
reliable estimate of 36,252 residents, with the goal of increasing the quality of life for
residents in the barangay. This figure represents a snapshot of the demographic
landscape within the barangay, capturing the number of residents as of a specific point
in time. The population of Barangay Camaman-an, like many urban barangays, is
subject to fluctuations influenced by factors such as migration, birth rates, mortality
rates, and socio-economic dynamics.

Political Structure
Barangay Camaman-an, as one of the smallest administrative units in the Philippines,
play a vital role in local governance, community development, and democracy.
Understanding the political structure of Barangay Camaman-an is essential for
comprehending the dynamics of governance at the grassroots level. The political
structure of a barangay is organized hierarchically, with roles and responsibilities
distributed among various officials and bodies.
At the apex of the Barangay Camaman-an government is the Barangay Assembly,
composed of all registered voters in the barangay. The Barangay Assembly convenes
periodically to discuss local issues, propose resolutions, and participate in decision-
making processes. Directly elected by the Barangay Assembly is the Barangay Captain,
who serves as the highest-ranking official and chief executive of the barangay. Assisting
the Barangay Captain are the Barangay Councilors, elected representatives who form
the Sangguniang Barangay or Barangay Council. Together, they enact ordinances,
approve budgets, and oversee barangay affairs. The following names are the key
officials of Barangay Camaman-an;
Barangay Captain/Punong Barangay:
Hon. Carl Harrison “Kuya Bodie” D. Galarrita
Barangay Kagawads:
Hon. Alicia Y. Cabili:
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Hon. Jasmin T. Borja

Hon. Ruel C. Gamao
Hon. Ernesto C. Atok, Jr.
Hon. Rolando S. Arda
Hon. Maria Lorna C. Namoc
Hon. Carlo T. Borja
Barangay Secretary:
Faith B. Bonsilao
SK Chairwoman:
Hon. Thonie Ann A. Cubillan
Barangay Treasurer:
Rosalinda T. Agramon

Map of the DDU Community

This map serves as a visual representation of the barangay's boundaries, key
landmarks, and spatial relationships, facilitating a deeper comprehension of the research
findings. Located in the northern part of Cagayan de Oro City, Barangay Camaman-an,
Bolonsori Road is bordered by several adjacent barangays, each contributing to the
complex fabric of the city's urban and rural dynamics. The map delineates the precise
extent of Barangay Camaman-an, illustrating its geographic features such as roads,
rivers, residential areas, and public facilities.
By referencing the map, researchers can effectively communicate the spatial
distribution of data collection sites, sampling locations, and other pertinent aspects of the
study methodology. Furthermore, the map provides a visual reference point for analyzing
spatial patterns, identifying hotspots, and contextualizing research findings within the
broader geographical context of Barangay Camaman-an. Overall, the inclusion of the
barangay map enriches the research narrative by enhancing spatial understanding and
contributing to the comprehensive analysis of the study area.
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IV. PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

This chapter presents the findings of the study and their analysis in the light of the
major and specific problems presented. The study focused on determining the
demographic profile of the residents in Barangay Camaman-an, Cagayan de Oro City.

Profile of the Respondents

The subjects of the study were asked to indicate their Age, Gender, Occupation,
Educational Status, and Economic Status. The data were taken mainly from the
responses of Thirty residents of Barangay Camaman-an and were summarized and
presented in the bar graphs below.
Bar Graph 1.0 shows the demographic profile of respondents with respect to their age.
Bar Graph 1.0
Profile of the Respondents According to Age

Bar Graph 1.0 shows that for the total of 30 respondents, 10 or thirty four
percent (34.00%) of the respondents were 26 to 35 years old, 8 or twenty seven
percent (27.00%) of the respondents were 36 to 45 years old, 7 or twenty three
percent (23.00%) of the respondents were 18 to 25 years old, 4 or thirteen percent
(13.00%) of the respondents were 46 to 56 years old while 1 or three percent
(3.00%) of the respondents were 57 to 67 years old and above.
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Bar Graph 1.1 shows the demographic profile of respondents with respect to their
gender.
Bar Graph 1.1
Profile of the Respondents According to Gender

Bar Graph 1.1 revealed that residents in Barangay Camaman-an is dominated

by females. It shows that for the total of 30 respondents, 26 or eighty seven percent
(87.00%) of them are female, whle 4 or thirteen percent (13.00%) are male.

Bar Graph 1.2 shows the demographic profile of respondents with respect to their
occupation.
Bar Graph 1.2
Profile of the Respondents According to Occupation
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Bar Graph 1.2 shows that residents in Barangay Camaman-an for the total of
30 respondents, 12 or forty percent (40.00%) among them were jobless, 9 or thirty
percent (30.00%) are self-employed, 6 or twenty percent (20.00%) of them were
private employee, and 3 or ten percent (10.00%) of them were entrepreneur.

Bar Graph 1.3 shows the demographic profile of respondents with respect to their
educational status.
Bar Graph 1.3
Profile of the Respondents According to Educational Status

Bar Graph 1.3 reveals the data that 9 or thirty percent (30.00%) of the
respondents are a high school graduate followed by 8 or twenty seven percent
(27.00%) of respondents who are in the college level. The data shows that 2 or
seven percent (7.00%) from elementary level, elementary graduate, and college
graduate got the lowest percentage.

Bar Graph 1.4 shows the demographic profile of respondents with respect to their
economic status.
Bar Graph 1.4
Profile of the Respondents According to Economic Status
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Bar Graph 1.4 shows the data that 5 or twenty one percent (21.00%) of the
respondents’ monthly income ranges from 2,000 to 4,000, 4,100 to 6,000 and
10,100 to 12,000. Others show 3 or thirteen percent (13.00%) of 8,100 to 10,000
monthly income and 2 or eight percent (8.00%) of 6,100 to 8,000 monthly income.
Bar Graph 1.5 shows the demographic profile of respondents with respect to their number
of children.
Bar Graph 1.5
Profile of the Respondents According to the Number of Children

Bar Graph 1.5 reveals the data that out of 30 respondents, 14 or forty seven
percent (47.00%) of them have 1 to 2 children. This is followed by 9 or thirty percent
(30.00%) of the respondents who have 3 to 5 children. Data shows that 6 or twenty
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percent (20.00%) of the respondents has no child and 1 or three percent (3.00%)
have 6 children and above.

Needs and Program Assessment

The frequency bar graphs show the findings as derived from the responses by
respondents to the various questions contained in the questionnaire followed by
discussions. The findings were organized according to the themes and sub-themes
derived from the objectives and research questions presented in the introduction.

The purpose of this study was to assess various aspects related to the needs of
Barangay Camaman-an population, community, organization, or target group. The
quantitative approach has applied particularly on the presentation of findings from the
responses. The survey questionnaires were also used to collect data and were
distributed to the respondents according to the categories of the different programs
assessment.
Graph 1.0 shows the results of the survey in Concern A.
Graph 1.0 Environmental Concerns

Based on the chart, the concern that needs priority is the Waste Management (4.2),
while the least is Tree/Mangrove Planting (3.0).

Graph 1.1 shows the results of the survey in Concern B.

Graph 1.1 Health Concerns
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Based on the chart, the concern that needs priority is the Supplemental Feeding
Program and Medical and Dental Mission (4.3), while the least is the Information Drive
and Health Literacy (4.2).

Graph 1.2 shows the results of the survey in Concern C.

Graph 1.2 Entrepreneurship and Livelihood

Based on the chart, the concern that needs priority is the Financial Literacy Program
(2.9), while the least is the Hairdressing (2.3).

Graph 1.3 shows the results of the survey in Concern D.

Graph 1.3 Recreation and Wellness Program
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Based on the chart, the concern that needs priority is the Stress Management/Mental
Seminar (3.9), while the least is the Dance and Aerobic Exercise (2.9).

Graph 1.4 shows the results of the survey in Concern E.

Graph 1.4 First Aid and Safety Measure during Disasters and Calamities

Based on the chart, the concern that needs priority is the Firefighting and Storm,
Flood, and Thunder (4.4), while the least is the Earthquake (3.8)

Graph 1.5 shows the results of the survey in Concern F.

Graph 1.5 Literacy and Educational Program
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Based on the chart, the concern that needs priority is the Basic Literacy and
Numeracy Program (4.4), while the least is the Computer Training and Leadership
Training for the Youths (3.9).

Graph 1.6 shows the overall results of the survey in Concern A, B, C, D, E, and F.
Graph 1.6 Overall Results

Based on the overall chart, the concern that needs priority is the concern B – Health
Concerns (4.32), followed by concern E - First Aid and Safety Measure during Disasters
and Calamities (4.20), concern F - Literacy and Educational Program (4.11), concern A -
Environmental Concerns (3.57), concern D - Recreation and Wellness Program (3.38),
and the least is concern C - Entrepreneurship and Livelihood (2.53).
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V. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the analysis of the survey data has provided comprehensive insights
into the needs and perspectives of our target respondents (Social Planning Council of
Winnipeg, 2012). Through the voices of the residents of Barangay Camaman-an,
researchers have gained a deeper understanding of the concerns and aspirations that
shape their collective well-being.
Through the careful examination of responses and statistical analysis, several key
findings have emerged. The survey revealed that the most pressing needs among
respondents are related to Waste Management (4.2), Supplemental Feeding Program
and Medical and Dental Mission (4.3), Financial Literacy Program (2.9), Stress
Management/Mental Seminar (3.9), Stress Management/Mental Seminar (3.9), and
Basic Literacy and Numeracy Program (4.4). The result of the overall graph shows that
Health Concerns (4.32) should be highly prioritized while the least concern is
Entrepreneurship and Livelihood (2.53).
Demographic analysis revealed variations in needs based on age, income level, and
geographic location (Census, 2019). Younger respondents expressed greater concerns
about education and career development, while older respondents prioritized access to
healthcare and environmental benefits. The findings from our community needs
assessment survey offer valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities facing
our community. Through the voices of our residents, we have gained a deeper
understanding of the needs, concerns, and aspirations that shape our collective well-
being.

VI. RECOMMENDATION
The current study can be interpreted as a first step on community extension. However,
the results of this study should be treated with caution due to the small sample size and
the lack of details regarding the participants’ characteristics.
Future researchers could further examine the factors that the past researchers did not
able to specify. They can employ a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative
and qualitative data collection methods such as interviews, surveys, focus groups, and
observations to gather comprehensive insights to the community needs, assets, and
perspectives. When doing this, future researchers should Consider the accessibility and
preferences of diverse populations when designing surveys and conducting interviews.
Adhere to ethical principles and guidelines throughout the research process, including
informed consent, confidentiality, and respect for autonomy. Future researchers should
maintain transparency and open communication with stakeholders throughout the needs
assessment process. Share findings, progress updates, and next steps with the
community in accessible and understandable formats.

By following these recommendations, future researchers can conduct community

needs assessment studies that are ethical, inclusive, and impactful, contributing to
positive change and empowerment within communities.
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VII. APPENDIX

Documentation
 Page 20 of 25

Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) Letter

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Questionnaires
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 Page 23 of 25

COMMUNITY MAP
 Page 24 of 25

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