Name: ___________________________________

Class:IG2________________________

Section: _________________________________

Subject: Chemistry

Paper: 2_________________________________

Subject Teacher: __________________________

Invigilator Name: _________________________

Date: ____________________________________

Time Allowed: 1 hour & 15 minutes

Maximum Marks: 70

Marks Obtained: ____________

Percentage %: ______________

Teacher’s Comments: ____________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

1
1. This question is about subatomic particles.

(a) Define the term

Nucleon number.

.........................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Why is the 11H hydrogen atom the only atom to have an identical proton number and nucleon
number?

...............................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Complete the table to show the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the atoms and
ions given.

(d) (i) Write the formula of the compound formed from fluorine and magnesium.

......................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Write the formula of the compound formed from Sr2+ and P3–

....................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 11]

2
2. Air is a mixture of gases. The main constituents are the elements oxygen and nitrogen.
(a) (i) Name another element in air.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Give the formula of a compound in unpolluted air.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Common pollutants present in air are the oxides of nitrogen and sulfur dioxide.

(i) How are the oxides of nitrogen formed?

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) How is sulfur dioxide formed?

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(iii) These oxides are largely responsible for acid rain.

State two harmful effects of acid rain.

...................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) The percentage of oxygen in air can be determined by the following experiment.

The gas syringe contains 50 cm3 of air. The large pile of copper is heated and the air is passed
from one gas syringe to the other over the hot copper. The large pile of copper turns black. The
gas is allowed to cool and its volume measured.
The small pile of copper is heated and the remaining gas passed over the hot copper.
The copper does not turn black. The fi nal volume of gas left in the apparatus is less than 50 cm3.

3
(i) Explain why the copper in the large pile turns black.

...................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) Why must the gas be allowed to cool before its volume is measured?

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) Explain why the copper in the small pile did not turn black.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(iv) What is the approximate volume of the gas left in the apparatus?

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 13]

3 .Some oxides of some elements are listed.

CO CO2 Na2O MgO Al 2O3

SiO2 P4O10 SO2 Cl 2O7 Cr2O3

(a) Answer the following questions using only oxides from the list. Each oxide may be used once,
more than once or not at all.

Give the formula of an oxide

(i) which is the main cause of acid rain,

...................................................................................

(ii) which would give a solution of pH 14 when added to water,

................................................

(iii) which is coloured,

................................................................................................................

(iv) which is macromolecular structure ..................................................

(v) which is amphoteric,........................................................................

(vi) which is neutral. ............................................................................... [6]

4
(b) Amphoteric oxides and neutral oxides are different from each other.

(i) What is meant by the term amphoteric oxide?

...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) What is meant by the term neutral oxide?

..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 8]

4.Magnesium sulfate and lead(II) sulfate are examples of salts.

(a) A student prepared magnesium sulfate crystals starting from magnesium carbonate. The
student carried out the experiment in four steps.

step 1 The student added excess magnesium carbonate to a small volume of dilute sulfuric acid
until no more magnesium carbonate would react.

step 2 The student filtered the mixture.

step 3 The student heated the filtrate obtained from step 2 until it was

…………………………………….

step 4 The student allowed the hot filtrate to cool to room temperature and then removed the
crystals which formed.

(i) How did the student know when the reaction had finished in step 1?

......................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Name the residue in step 2.

........................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) Fill in the blank in step 3.

...............................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) Explain why magnesium sulfate crystals form during step 4.

..........................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................... [1]

5
(b) Magnesium sulfate crystals are hydrated. Another student heated some hydrated magnesium
sulfate crystals in a crucible and obtained the following results.

MgSO4.XH2O --------→ MgSO4 + XH2O

hydrated magnesium sulfate anhydrous magnesium sulfate + water

mass of hydrated magnesium sulfate crystals = 4.92 g

mass of water removed = 2.52 g

(i) Calculate the number of moles of water removed. The Mr of water is 18.

moles of water = ............................. mol [1]

(ii) Calculate the mass of anhydrous magnesium sulfate remaining in the

crucible…………………………………………………………………………

The Mr of anhydrous magnesium sulfate is 120.

moles of anhydrous magnesium sulfate = ............................. mol [2]

(iii) Calculate the ratio of

moles of anhydrous magnesium sulfate : moles of water.

Give your answer as whole numbers.

ratio = ................ : ................ [1]

(iv) Suggest the formula of hydrated magnesium sulfate crystals.

formula of hydrated magnesium sulfate crystals = ....................................... [2]

(c) Lead(II) sulfate, PbSO4, is insoluble.

Describe how you would prepare a pure dry sample of lead(II) sulfate crystals starting from
solutions of lead(II) nitrate and sodium sulfate.

Include a series of key steps in your answer.

.......................................................................................................................................................
6
.....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... [4]

(d) Write an equation for the reaction which takes place between solutions of lead(II) nitrate and
sodium sulfate. Include state symbols.

....................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 16]

5. Zinc is added to dilute hydrochloric acid. The equation for the reaction is

Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) -----> ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)

An experiment is carried out using
● 0.12 g of powdered zinc
● an excess of 0.2 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid
● a temperature of 200C
The volume of hydrogen collected in the experiment is measured at regular time intervals.
Curve B shows the results obtained.

(a) The experiment is repeated using

● 0.12 g of powdered zinc
● an excess of 0.2 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid
● a temperature of 400C
Explain which curve, A, B or C, shows the results obtained. (3)

7
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................

(b) The experiment is repeated again, using

● 0.06g of powdered zinc
● an excess of 0.2 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid
● a temperature of 200C
Explain which curve, A, B or C, shows the results obtained. (3)

............................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

(Total = 6 )

6. .This question is about nitrogen and some of its compounds.

(a) Nitrogen in the air can be converted into ammonia by the Haber process. The chemical
equation for the reaction is shown.

N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

(i) State the temperature and pressure used in the Haber process.

temperature .........................................................................................................................

pressure ....................................................................................................................... .[2]

(ii) Name the catalyst used in the Haber process.

...................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The ammonia produced in the Haber process can be oxidised to nitrogen(II) oxide at 900 °C.

The reaction is exothermic.

Balance the chemical equation for this reaction.

8
4NH3 + ..... O2 → ..... NO + ..... H2O [1]

(c) Nitrogen(II) oxide (NO) can be reacted with oxygen and water to produce nitric acid(HNO 3) as
the only product.

Write a chemical equation for this reaction.

........................................................................................................................ [2]

[Total: 06]

7. Sodium fluoride is an ionic compound.

(a) Complete the diagram to show the electron arrangement in the outer shells of the ions present
in sodium fluoride.
Give the charges on both ions.

(b) Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of
fluorine, F2.
Show the outer electrons only. [1]

(c ) Explain, in terms of structure and bonding, why sodium fluoride has a much higher melting
point than fluorine.
Your answer should refer to the:
● types of particle held together by the forces of attraction
● types of forces of attraction between particles
● relative strength of the forces of attraction.

.......................................................................................................................................

9
.......................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................. [3]

(d) Iodine reacts with chlorine. The chemical equation is shown.

I2 + Cl 2 → 2ICl

Use the bond energies to answer the questions.

(i) Calculate the total amount of energy required to break the bonds in 1 mole of I 2 and 1 mole of
Cl 2.

............................ kJ [1]

(ii) Calculate the total amount of energy given out when the bonds in 2 moles of ICl are formed.

............................ kJ [1]

(iii) Use your answers to (d)(i) and (d)(ii) to calculate the overall energy change for the reaction.

I2 + Cl 2 → 2ICl

............................ kJ / mol [1]

Total:10

10
11