CHEMISTRY HEATING EFFECT QUESTIONS BANK

1. HEATING EFFECT OF CARBONATE & BICARBONATE SALTS :

(a) Heating effect of carbonate salts :

Metal carbonate 

 metal oxide + CO2

(i) MCO3   MO + CO2 [M = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba]

(ii) MgCO3   MgO + CO2

(iii) Cu

(OH) 2 .CuCO 3
  
 2CuO + CO2 + H2O
Basic Cu ( II ) carbonate (black)

high
temperature

Cu2O + O2
(red)


(iv) ZnCO 3    ZnO + CO2
white Yellow ( hot )
white( cold )


(v) PbCO3  PbO + CO
Yellow 2


(vi) Li2CO3  Li2O + CO2

(vii) (NH 4 )2 CO3   2NH 3 + H 2 O + CO2 Very Important

350ºC
Pb3O4 + CO + CO2 + H2O

(viii) Pb(OH)2.2PbCO3
White lead
700–800ºC
Bunsen burner
3PbO + 2CO2 + H2O
temperature

(ix) All carbonates except (Na, K, Rb, Cs) decompose on heating giving CO2
(x) Carbonates salts of (Na, K, Rb, Cs) do not decompose on heating, they are melt on high
temperature.
(xi) Oxides of heavier metals are less stable so further decompose into metal & oxygen

 1
(xii) Ag 2 CO3   2Ag  CO 2  O 2
Black 2
white
( yellowish white)

 1
(xi) HgCO3  Hg + O  + CO2
2 2
 (b) Heating effect of bicarbonate :

(i) Metal bicarbonate   metal carbonate + CO2
except (Na, K, Rb, Cs)

metal oxide + CO2

 2–
(ii) [General reaction 2HCO¯
3
  CO3 +H2O + CO2]
(iii) All bicarbonates decompose to give carbonates and CO2. eg.

(iv) 2NaHCO3  Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O

(v) Mg(HCO3)2  MgO + 2CO2 + H2O
2. HEATING EFFECT OF HYDRATED SULPHATE SALTS :


(i) Metal Sulphate Metal Oxide + SO3
(M=Be,Zn,Mg,Ca,Cu,Pb) T > 800ºC

1 O
SO2 +
2 2
CuSO4 .5H 2 O 100
 C
 CuSO 4 .H 2 O 220
 C
 CuSO 4 
800C 1
(ii) Blue vitriol  4 H 2O  H O
 CuO + SO2 + O2
Bluish White 2 White 2
CuO + SO3
Black

(iii) FeSO .7H 2 O 300

4  C
 FeSO4  
Strongly Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3 (very important)
Green vitriol  7 H 2O

(iv) 
Fe2(SO4)3  Fe2O3 + 3SO3
1
(v) CaSO4.2H2O 120ºC–150ºC
(CaSO4. 1 H2O) + 1 H2O
gypsum 2 2
(Plaster of paris) or calcium sulphate hemihydrate

1
1 H2O
2  1
CaSO4.2H2O CaSO4 + H2O
another crystallographic Dead burnt
2
form of gypsum
hard & porous 1100ºC

CaO + SO3
70200C  800C 200C 1
(vi) ZnSO4.7H2O70
 C
  ZnSO4.6H2O ZnSO4.H2
 O 
 ZnSO
4  
ZnO+SO2+ O
– H 2O –5H 2O – H 2O 2 2

(vii) MgSO 4 .7 H 2O  MgSO4 [Same as ZnSO4 ]
epsom salt  7 H 2O


(viii) 2NaHSO3 

(ix) 2NaHSO4  Na2SO4 + H2O + SO3
220C
(x) Na2S2O3.5H2O  Na2S2O3 + 5H2O
3Na2SO4 + Na2S5.
3. HEATING EFFECT OF NITRATE SALTS

(i) Metal nitrate   metal oxide + NO2 + O2

(ii) 2M(NO3)2   2MO + 4NO2 + O2
[M = all bivalent metals eg. Zn+2, Mg+2, Sr+2, Ca+2, Ba+2, Cu+2, Pb+2]

1
(iii) 2LiNO3   Li2O + 2NO2 + O2
2

1
(iv) MNO3   MNO2 + O
2 2
[M=Na,K,Rb,Cs]

high
temperature

3
M2O + N2 + O
2 2
500 ºC
1
(v) NaNO3   NaNO2 + O
2 2
800 ºC
3
(vi) NaNO2   NaO2 + N2 + O
2 2
700–800ºC
BeO + 2NO2 + 1/2 O2

N2 O4 Warm to 50ºC 125ºC

(vii) BeCl2   Be(NO3)2.2N2O4 
under vaccum
 Be(NO3)2 [Be4O(NO3)6]
basic beryllium nitrate
Exception : If formed oxide is of heavier metal then it being less stable and further decomposed in
to metal and oxygen.

(viii) Hg(NO3)2   Hg + 2NO2 + O2

(ix) 2AgNO3   2Ag + 2NO2 + O2
4. HEATING EFFECT OF AMMONIUM SALTS :
If anionic part is oxdising in nature, then N2 will be the product (some times N2O).

(i) (NH4)2Cr2O7   N2 + Cr2O3 + 4H2O {This reaction is used for making artificial volcano}
(orange solid) (green)

(ii) NH4NO2   N2 + 2H2O

(iii) NH4NO3   N2O + 2H2O

(iv) 2NH4 ClO4   N2 + Cl2 + 2O2 + 4H2O

(v) 2NH4 IO3   N2 + I2 + O2 + 4H2O
If anionic part weakly oxidising or non oxidising in nature then NH3 will be the product.

(i) (NH4)2HPO4   HPO3 + H2O + 2NH3

(ii) (NH4)2SO4   NH3 + H2SO4

(iii) 2(NH4)3PO4   2NH3 + P2O5 + 3H2O

(iv) (NH4)2CO3   2NH3 + H2O + CO2

(v) NH4Cl   NH3 + HCl

(vi) (NH4)2S   NH3 + H2S

(vii) CH3COONH4   CH3COOH + NH3

(viii) (NH4)2MoO4   NH3 + MoO3 + H2O
5. HEATING EFFECT OF PHOSPHATE SALTS :

(i) 1º Phosphate salts gives metaphosphate salt on heating.


NaH2PO4  H2O + NaPO3

(ii) 2º Phosphate salts gives pyrophosphate


Na2HPO4  H2O + Na4P2O7

(iii) 3º Phosphate salt have no heating effect


Na3PO4  No effect

(iv) Na(NH4)HPO4.4H2O  NaNH4HPO4 High
 temp.
 NaPO3 + NH3 + H2O
 4H O 2
microcosmic salt


(v) 2Mg(NH4)PO4  Mg2P2O7 + 2NH3 + H2O

6. HEATING EFFECT OF HALIDES SALTS :


(i) 2FeCl3  2FeCl2 + Cl2

(ii) AuCl3  AuCl + Cl2

(iii) Hg2Cl2  HgCl2 + Hg

(iv) NH4Cl  NH3 + HCl

(v) Pb(SCN)4  Pb(SCN)2 + (SCN)2

(vi) PbCl4  PbCl2 + Cl2

(vii) 
PbBr4  PbBr2 + Br2 [PbI4 does not exists]

(viii) HgI 2 HgI 2

scarlet red yellow

7. HEATING EFFECT OF HYDRATED CHLORIDE SALTS


(i) MgCl2 . 6H2O  MgO + 2HCl + 5H2O


(ii) 2FeCl3 . 6H2O  Fe2O3 + 6HCl + 9H2O


(iii) 2AlCl3 . 6H2O  Al2O3 + 6HCl + 9H2O

140C
50C CoCl 2 .4H 2O 58
 C
 CoCl 2 .2H 2O  CoCl 2
(iv) CoCl 2 .6H 2 O  Pink  2 H 2O Re d violet  2 H 2O Blue
Pink  2 H 2O

Hydrated Co2+ salt - Pink Anhydrous Co2+ salt - Blue

8. HEATING EFFECT OF OXIDE :

 ZnO ZnO
(i) 2Ag2O 4Ag + O2 (ii) white yellow
300C

 1 PbO PbO
(iii) PbO2  PbO + O (iv)
2 2 yellow
(Massicot)
Red
(Litharge)

(v) 3MnO2 900 C Pb 3O 4

  Mn3O4 + O2 (vi)
Red lead
6PbO + O2
Litharge

 7 
(vii) 2CrO5  Cr2O3 + O (viii) K 2O  K 2O
2 2 (White) (yellow )

 5  400 C 1
(ix) I2O5  I2 + O (x) HgO  HgO strong
 Hg + O
2 2 yellow red heating 2 2

3
(xi) 2CrO3 420
 C
 Cr2O3 + 2 O2

9. HEATING EFFECT OF PERMANGANATE :

513K
2KMnO4   K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
dark puple (green) (black)
(almost black)

10. HEATING EFFECT OF DICHROMATE & CHROMATE SALTS :

 3
2K2Cr2O7  2K2CrO4 + Cr2O3 + O2
2
orange yellow green

11. HEATING EFFECT OF ACIDS :

 1 444C
(i) 2HNO3  H2O + 2NO2 + O2 (ii) H2SO4  H2O + SO3
conc. 2

1
(iii) H2SO4 
800 C
 H2O + SO2 + O
2 2
(iv) 3H2SO3 2H2SO4 + S + H2O
(v) 3HNO2 HNO3 + 2NO + H2O
(vi) HClO3HClO4 + ClO2 + H2O
(vii) 3HOCl 2HCl +HClO3

(viii)4H3PO3  3H3PO4 + PH3
200C
(ix) 2H3PO2  H3PO4 + PH3
(x) 2NaH2PO2  Na2HPO4 + PH3

(xi) H2C2O4  H2O + CO + CO2
(xii) H3PO4 220
 C
 H4P2O7 320
 C
 4HPO3 
320C
 2P2O5 + 2H2O
Re d
(xiii)H3BO3 100
 C
 4HBO2 140
 C
 H2B4O7  2B O + H O
hot 2 3 2
12. HEATING EFFECTS OF ACETATE SALTS

Metal acetate  Metal + CH3COCH3

Carbonate
(M = LiBe Mg)

Metal oxide + CO2


(i) Pb(OAc)2  PbO + CO2 + CH3COCH3

(ii) Mg(OAc)2  MgO + CO2 + CH3COCH3

(iii) Be(OAc)2  BeO + CO2 + CH3COCH3

(iv) Ca(OAc)2  CaCO3 + CH3COCH3

(v) Ba(OAc)2  BaCO3 + CH3COCH3

(vi) CH3CO2K  K2CO3 + CH3COCH3

13. HEATING EFFECTS OF OXALATE SALTS


Metal oxalate Metal + CO + CO2
Carbonate
(M = LiBe Mg)


Metal oxide + CO2


(i) 7Na2C2O4  7Na2CO3 + 2CO2 + 3CO + 2C

(ii) SnC2O4  SnO + CO2 + CO

(iii) FeC2O4  FeO + CO + CO2

(iv) Ag2C2O4  2Ag + 2CO2

(v) HgC2O4  Hg + 2CO2

14. HEATING EFFECTS OF FORMATE SALTS

(i) HCO2Na 350
 C
 Na2C2O4 + H2


1
(ii) HCOOAg  HCOOH + 2Ag + O2 + CO
2

CO2
1
(iii) (HCOO)2Hg  HCOOH + Hg + O2 + CO
2

CO2
CHEMISTRY EXERCISE QUESTIONS BANK

Single correct
1. Which of the following does not give metal oxide on heating
(A) NaCO3 (B) K2CO3 (C) Rb2CO3 (D) All of these
2. Which of the following metal bicarbonate will give metal oxide and CO2 on heating
(A) NaHCO3 (B) Mg(HCO3)2 (C) KHCO3 (D) Rb2CO3
3. Which of the following metal nitrate will give metal and oxygen on heating :
(A) KNO3 (B) NaNO3 (C) AgNO3 (D) RbNO3
4. Which of the following nitrate will give N2O on heating :
(A) NH4NO3 (B) NH4NO2 (C) NaNO3 (D) AgNO3
5. Which of the following ammonium salt will not give acid on heating :
(A) (NH4)2HPO4 (B) (NH4)2MoO4 (C) (NH4)2SO4 (D) NH4Cl
6. Which of the following lead halide will not give halogen gas on heating :
(A) PbCl4 (B) PbBr4 (C) PbI4 (D) All of these
7. Select the correct statements
(A) Hydrated Co+2 salt is pink (B) Anhydrous Co+2 salt is of blue colour
(C) Hybridisation of CoCl2.6H2O is sp3d2 (D) All of these
8. Which of the following metal sulphate will give SO2 and SO3 both gaseous product on heating :
(A) CuSO4 (B) FeSO4 (C) Fe2(SO4)3 (D) CaSO4
9. Which of the following compound is called dead burnt plaster :

1
(A) CaSO4. HO (B) CaSO4.2H2O (C) CaSO4 (anhy.) (D) None of these
2 2

10. When NaH2PO4 is heated then which of the following compound is formed :
(A) Na4P2O7 (B) Na3PO4 (C) HPO3 (D) NaPO3
11. When Na2HPO4 is heated then which of the following compound is formed :
(A) Na4P2O7 (B) Na3PO4 (C) HPO3 (D) NaPO3
12. When CrO3 is heated then ........ + ........ are formed :
–2
(A) Cr2O3, O2 (B) CrO2, O2 (C) Cr2O7 , O2 (D) None of these
More than one may be correct
13. Which of the following metal carbonate will give of metal and oxyen on heating-
(A) Ag2CO3 (B) HgCO3 (C) (NH4)2CO3 (D) PbCO3
 
14. A B + CO2 + H2O
(Carbonate salt) (Black)

(Green colour)
High
920ºC temperature

(C) + (D)

Select the correct statements -

(A) Compound (A) is basic copper carbonate
(B) Compound (B) CuO
(C) Compound (C) is Cu2O
(D) Compound (D) is paramagnetic in naturue
15. When Ag2CO3 is heated then product will be -
(A) Ag2O (B) Ag (C) O2 (D) CO2
16. When compound A (orange red) is heated then green colour oxide of (B) is formed and inert gas
(C) is formed then select the correct statements :
(A) Compound (A) is (NH4)2 Cr2O7
(B) Compound (B) is used in fire works
(C) Gas C is N2
(D) Heating effect of (A) is a type of intra molecular redox reaction
17. Which of the following hydrated salts will not become anhydrous on heating :
(A) MgCl2.6H2O (B) FeCl3.6H2O (C) AlCl3.6H2O (D) CoCl2.6H2O
18. Which of the following metal nitrate produce NO2 on heating
(A) Hg(NO3)2 (B) RbNO3 (C) Pb(NO3)2 (D) All of these
19. Which of the following oxides turns yellow on heating and becomes white on cooling :
(A) ZnO (B) K2O (C) PbO (D) Ag2O
Paragraph for Q. No. 20 to Q. No. 21

(A) (B) + (C) + (D)
(Orange solid) (yellow) (green) (Paramagnetic)

20. Compound (A) is :

(A) K2Cr2O7 (B) K2CrO4 (C) Cr2O3 (D) O2
21. Compound (C) is also obtained on heating of :
(A) (NH4)2Cr2O7 (B) NH4ClO4 (C) NH4NO3 (D) None of these
 Paragarph for Q. No. 22 & 23

CaSO4. 1 H2O
2
(Plaster of paris)

1 HO
1
2 2 200ºC
(A) (B)
Another crystallographic
form of gypsum 1100ºC

(C) + (D)

22. Compound "A" is :

(A) CaSO4.2H2O (B) 2CaSO4.H2O (C) CaSO4.3H2O (D) CaSO4.5H2O
23. Compound "C" and "D" are respectivelly :
(A) CaO + SO2 (B) CaSO4 + SO2 (C) CaSO4 + SO3 (D) CaO + SO3
Matrix match
24. Match the column
Column-I Column-II


(A) Be(NO3)2   (P) Gives H2O


(B) HNO2   (Q) Oxyacid is obtained


(C) NaH2PO4   (R) Gives disproportionation reaction


(D) H3PO3   (S) Oxygen gas is evolved

25. Column-I (Compound) Column-II (Products on heating)

(A) NH4ClO4 (P) CO2 gas is evolved
(B) Mg(OAc)2 (Q) H2 gas is evolved
(C) HCOONa (above 350ºC) (R) N2 gas is evolved
(D) (NH4)2CO3 (S) Same gas is evolved which is obtained by heating
(NH4)2SO4
(T) Intra molecular redox reaction
Integer
26. When calamine is heated then a product (A) is formed then find the total number of following options
are correct for compound (A) -
(i) Compound (A) is white in cold conditions
(ii) Compound (A) is yellow in hot conditions
(iii) Compound (A) is called phillosopher's wool
(iv) Compound (A) when combined with CoO, then compound (B) is formed & colour of new
compound (B) is green
(v) Compound (B) is called Rinmann's green

27. 350ºC
Compound (A) (B) + (C) + (D) + (E)
(Red lead)
HNO3

(F) brown ppt. + metal nitrate + H2O

Find the number of correct statements -

(i) Formula of B is Pb3O4
 470 ºC
(ii) When B is heated  (C) + (D) is formed where (C) is yellow massicot

Fused,cooled
(iii) When (C) 
and powdered
 (E) is formed which is called litharge (reddish yellow)

(iv) Compound (A) is called white lead [2PbCO3.Pb(OH)2]

(v) Brown ppt. (F) is PbO2 which is used as a strong oxidising agent
(vi) Formula of (B) Pb2O3
(vii) Brown ppt. of (F) is PbO
500 ºC
28. NaNO3   (A) + (B)

800 ºC
(A)   (C) + (D) + (E)

Find the number of correct statements

(1) Compound (B) is paramagnetic in nature
(2) Compound (B) when undergoes dimerisation then dimer product is diamagnetic in nature
(3) Bond order of compound (B) is two
(4) D is N2 gas
(5) Compound B and E are same gas
 
(A) (B) + (C) + (D)
29. (dark purple (green) (black)
almost black)

Find the number of correct statements

(1) Compound B is K2MnO4
(2) Compound C is MnO2
(3) Compound D is O2
(4) Compound B is paramagnetic in nature
(5) Compound D has two unpaired electron in bonding molecular orbital
30. Total number of compounds undergoes dispropornation redox reaction on heating
MnO2, HOCl, H3PO3, HNO2, CrO5, HClO3
31. On strong heating of H3PO4 and H3BO3, sum of oxidation number of P & B in the final product
obtained is
CHEMISTRY EXERCISE QUESTIONS BANK

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. D B C A B C D B C D
Que. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. A A A, B A,B,C,D B,C,D A,B,C,D A, B, C A, C A, B A
Que. 21 22 23 24
Ans. A A D (A)(S);(B)(P,Q,R);(C)(P);(D)(Q,R)
Que. 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. (A)(R,T);(B)(P);(C)(P,Q,T);(D)(P,S) 5 5 4 4 4
Que. 31
Ans. 8