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    History of Tree Breeding

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    vennilasubramaniam
    The document discusses the history and milestones of tree breeding including key scientists and their work. It outlines developments in tree breeding in India and the significance of the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding. It also lists some achievements of tree breeding including superior clones and hybrids developed.

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    History of Tree Breeding

    Uploaded by

    vennilasubramaniam
    21 views17 pages
    The document discusses the history and milestones of tree breeding including key scientists and their work. It outlines developments in tree breeding in India and the significance of the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding. It also lists some achievements of tree breeding including superior clones and hybrids developed.

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    History of Tree Breeding

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    The document discusses the history and milestones of tree breeding including key scientists and their work. It outlines developments in tree breeding in India and the significance of the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding. It also lists some achievements of tree breeding including superior clones and hybrids developed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views17 pages

    History of Tree Breeding

    Uploaded by

    vennilasubramaniam
    The document discusses the history and milestones of tree breeding including key scientists and their work. It outlines developments in tree breeding in India and the significance of the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding. It also lists some achievements of tree breeding including superior clones and hybrids developed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    HISTORY OF TREE BREEDING

    TREE BREEDING
    • Toda: Equated the term Tree Breeding

    MILESTONES IN TREE IMPROVEMENT HISTORY

    ❖ 1948- Forest genetics- Bertil Lindquist

    ❖ 1952-Abe Gustaffon- Texas


    Zobel as father of tree breeding
    ✓ Bruce Zobel- A physist
    ✓ 1st Person to work on Tree Improvement
    ✓ To increase the productivity of Pine
    ✓ He worked for 30 yrs
    ✓ A variety was intoduced
    ✓ In association with Texas Forest Service
    BRUCE ZOBEL
    Mile stones in tree breeding
    YEAR NAME OF SCIENTIST FIELD OF WORK
    1717 Bradley Importance of seed origin
    1760 Duhamel de Monceau Inheritance: oak
    1761 Koehlreuter Hybridization
    1787 Bursdorf Plantation for seed production
    1840 Marrier de Boisdhyver Vegetative propagation
    1840 De Vilmorin Fir hybrids
    1845 Klotzsch Intraspecific hybrids-oak, elm and alder

    1904 Cieslar Provenances: larch and oak


    1905 Engler Elevation differences of species: fir,
    pine, spruce, larch and maple
    1905 Dengler Provenance test- fir and spruce

    1906 Andersson Vegetative propagation


    1907 Sudwworth,Pinchot Breeding nut and other forest
    trees
    1908 Oppermann Straightness: beech and oak
    1909 Johannsen Elite stands
    1909 Sylven Self pollination-Norway spruce

    1912 Zederbauer Crown form- Austrian pine


    1918 Sylven Seed orchards
    1922 Fabricius Plantation for seed production

    1923 Oppermann Seedling seed orchards


    1924 Schreiner Poplar breeding
    1928 Burger Pine selection

    1928 Bates Seed orchard


    1930 Larsen Controlled pollination:
    larch
    1930 Heikinheimo & M Larsen Culy grain: birch
    1930 Nilsson-Ehle, Sylven, Pine and aspen breeding
    Linquist
    1935 Nilsson-Ehle Triploid aspen
    TREE BREEDING IN INDIA

    • Professor Kedanath- Father of Indian tree breeding

    • Dr. C. Surendran- FC&RI, Mettupalayam- the 1st person to introduce a


    hybrid on Eucalyptus in India- “DF 97”

    • 1991- Acacia holocericea –introduced due to its high biomass content

    • 2000- Simarouba glauca- introduced due to its greater drought


    tolerance and high oil content in the seed
    • Hybrids released by Dr K.T. Parthiban et al:
    1. Casuarina MTP-1
    2. Casuarina MTP-2
    3. Eucalyptus MTP-1
    4. Meila dubia MTP-1
    5. Melia dubia MTP-2
    SIGNIFICANCE OF IFGTB

    • Established in April, 1988 under ICFRE.

    CONTRIBUTION:

    1. Genetic Improvement of Eucalyptus tereticornis through controlled pollination and molecular


    characterization

    2. Genetic transformation of Eucalyptus and Casuarina to enhance salinity tolerance

    3. Identification of conserved motifs in genes conferring salt tolerance to develop strategies for gene
    isolation from salt tolerant tree species
    Recent advances in forest tree biotechnology

    • Genomic sequencing of a female strain of Populus trichocarpa- Tuskan et al. 2006

    • Transgenic technology - Song et al. 2006

    • Metabolic engineering of wood components by Sannigrahi et al. 2010- Metabolic


    engineering of lignin

    • Pedigree Reconstruction-White et al. 2007

    • Polymix breeding and pedigree reconstruction- Lambeth et al. 2001

    • “Breeding without Breeding - El-Kassaby and Lstibůrek (2009)


    CONTI.....

    • Somatic mutation in long-term storage -Ryynanen and Aronen 2005


    • Alnus glutinosa (European black alder) was micropropagated using
    shoot tips taken from fruit-bearing branches of a sexually mature tree
    -Lall et al. 2005
    • Transgenic hardwoods in the field – Silver birch- Piispanen et al.
    2003
    Achievements of tree breeding
    a) Simarouba - Paradise tree

    A variety in Simarouba glauca has been developed and popularized as


    a source of oil yielding tree with an oil content of 55 to 65 per cent.

    b) Casuarina clones
    Casuarina (MTP CA1 – Casuarina equisetifolia); a source of short
    rotation- industrial pulp wood species -cellulose content of more than 40%-yield
    of 100 tonnes/ha and 150 tonnes per ha respectively.
    c) Eucalyptus clones
    • Superior clones in Eucalyptus (FCRI EC 48, FCRI 103, FCRI 53, FCRI 56 and
    NGL 2) - higher productivity-superior pulp wood quality -a clone suitable for bio
    drainage purpose.
    d) Development of alternate pulp wood

    • Two species have been identified viz., Melia


    dubia and Dalbergia sissoo
    • 50% cellulose and around
    • Acceptable fibre strength properties.
    • Clones of nearly 20,000 numbers have been multiplied and
    promoted.
    e) Jatropha hybrids

    • Two distinct hybrids viz., FCRI HC 21 and FCRI HC 32


    • Certified as new developed varieties by NBPGR
    • Assigned the new variety number of INGR 09037 and
    INGR 09036 respectively.
    REFERRENCE

    • General concepts of tree breeding- Bruce Zobel

    • IFGTB Publications

    • www.bing.com

    • The Japanese Society for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology

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