WORD BUILDING (Affixation).

Prefixes Meaning suffixes Meaning

Un -en
De Verb
-ify
Dis formation
-ise/ize
in Negative/opposite of... -ment
il -ity
im -hood
ir -ism
anti Against -ion/ation
auto Of/ by oneself Noun
-er,or,ist,ian
bi Two/ twice formation
-ful
semi Half -ness
micro Very small -less
over Too much -ing
under Under-not enough -ee
sub Under -able
re Again-back -ible
in Inside-in -al
mono Single-one -an,ian,ese,ish
poly Several- many -ful
mis Badly-wrongly Adjective -ish
en-em(verb) one does something formation -less
ex Former(no longer) -ly
post After -ous
pre-ante Before -ed
counter Against -like
ultra-super Above-beyond -y
non Not
ab From-away -ly
Adverb
inter Among-between -ward
formation
mal Bad-wrong -wise

TENSE VERB FORM EXAMPLES TIME MARKERS

Stem I read – You study . everyday , always ,
Present Stem + s (he, she , it ) he studies - she does - it usually , often ,
Simple creeps sometimes , seldom
rarely , never
am I am working now , today, at this
Present
Is + ( stem + ing ) He is studying moment , this week
Continuous
Are They are hurrying these days , tonight
Present has ( stem + ed ) + He / She has studied . already , not yet , just ,
Perfect have irregular part 2.We, You, They have written since , for , never
Pre. Perfect Has +(been+(stem+ ing ) Liza has been walking .
Continuous have) 2. We have been sleeping .
stem + “ ed “ We played – He cried .
Past yesterday , last … , …
irregular She did – They fought . It
Simple ago , in 1978 .
rain
Past was + ( stem + ing ) She / I was jogging .
while
Continuous were 2. They / You were hurrying .
Past ( stem / ed ) had + I had arrived .
already , just , yet
Perfect irregular part 2. She had come .
Pas. Perfect had + been + ( You had been playing .
before , after , when
Continuous stem + ing ) She / You will lay the table
next … :next week, …
We / Shall talk .
Future in … : in the future, …
shall + stem will 2. She / I / They had been
Simple from now : five weeks
writing .
from now …
shall We / I shall be travelling . at : at 5 o’clock .
Future + be + ( stem + ing )
Continuous next : next week .
will 2. He will be sleeping .
in : in a month .
Future shall (stem + ed ) I / We shall have finished . Time word :
Perfect have + will irregular part 2. He will have left . when , by , before
Fut . Perfect shall + have been + 1.We shall have been working .
Continuous ( stem + ing ) will 2. She will have been studying .