Q1 Positive.

evolved over the years and has been

Junior replicated in eight states nationwide through
5. Fast Internet Connection the sponsorship of NSF grant DUE
1003317.
During this current economic downturn of
the twenty-first century a new technological
divide is again hampering those in the
Senior
lowest income brackets and in rural areas—
1. High Performance of the devices
connectivity to broadband Internet. Just
Very high-speed computers may be
over 200 million Americans have high-
classified as follows: 1) Single Instruction
speed, wired Internet access at home while
Stream-Single Data Stream (SISD) 2)
millions of other Americans are completely
Single Instruction Stream-Multiple Data
offline (Crawford, 2011). Families reporting
Stream (SIMD) 3) Multiple Instruction
incomes of $75,000 or more have wired
Stream-Single Data Stream (MISD) 4)
high-speed Internet access in 90% of their
Multiple Instruction Stream-Multiple Data
homes compared to only 40% of homes
Stream (MIMD). "Stream," as used here,
with annual incomes below $25,000
refers to the sequence of data or
(Crawford, 2011). This new digital divide
instructions as seen by the machine during
puts at risk the quality of life for many
the execution of a program. The
Americans in a world where quick, easy
constituents of a system: storage,
access to vital information is necessary to
execution, and instruction handling
compete and survive. Many scholars and
(branching) are discussed with regard to
policy makers hypothesize that high-speed
recent developments and/or systems
Internet users are better able to make use
limitations. The constituents are discussed
of the Internet and therefore gain more
in terms of concurrent SISD systems (CDC
value when performing critical day-to-day
6600 series and, in particular, IBM Model 90
activities, as opposed to those with dial-up
series), since multiple stream organizations
access who are left behind in terms of
usually do not require any more elaborate
efficiency and capability (Dewan & Riggins,
components. Representative organizations
2005).
are selected from each class and the
9. Teacher is technically knowledgeable arrangement of the constituents is shown.
(IEEE, 2024)
In order to build teacher confidence and
increase their knowledge of the 8. Hands-On experience of students
technological software used in the PLTW
In higher education, simulation tools serve
curriculum, CCBC developed software
as important resources for student’s
specific professional development (PD)
learning. However, real laboratories cannot
training for Maryland’s middle and high
be substituted just with this tool, especially
school PLTW teachers. The training in
in some fields such as Automatics and
Maryland has been conducted with the
Robotics, in which the actual behavior and
support of The University of Maryland,
response of the real elements in the
Baltimore County (UMBC), Maryland’s
experiments is crucial (Alhalabi, Marcovitz,
PLTW Affiliate University, for the pre-
Hamza, & Petrie, 2000). Remote
engineering program. UMBC provides
laboratories, which also deliver laboratory
training, support and PD to guidance
facilities to the door of the student such as
counselors as well as PLTW teachers.
the simulation software is intended to do
Maryland’s PD training program has
(Gorrel, 1992), may constitute a better
substitute or complement to real hands-on
experiments. Moreover, virtual laboratories
should be used to serve as an initial
experimentation and a first contact with the
studied phenomena for the student. In this
way, VRLs are essential educational tools
which provide students real-simulated
experiments that can be conducted at any
time, without instructor surveillance or
guidance. Thus, each student learns with
hands-on experiences in a way that can
practically fit into their education schedule.
In addition, expensive equipment can be
shared among students enrolled in different
programs and with different schedules and
knowledge levels.
Q1 Negative begun to examine how college students
multitask and how this affects their ability to
Junior
learn material and engage in the learning
1. Slow speed of computer units
process (Fried, 2008, Junco and Cotten,
Slow Tech offers people the opportunity, on 2011, Junco and Cotten, 2012, Mayer and
the one hand, to spend more time on Moreno, 2003, Rosen et al., 2011, Wood et
thought, observation, and choice and, on al., 2012).
the other, to enjoy their short lives more.
10. Encountered problems within the
Slow Tech introduces the time dimension
family
into thinking about technology. It means
that, while people continue to use ICT in the Parental participation and learning effect
future, they may do so in a more conscious how parents treat their children, as well as
and responsible way. It implies that people how they handle their children's habits and
will need to regain control of the pace of cognitive processes (28). This, in turn,
their days and lives, by designing shapes their children's performance and
technologies that are more respectful of behaviors toward them. As a result, the
their brains and bodies and that are not parent-child relationship is dependent on
necessarily based on a continual increase in the parents' attitudes, understanding, and
clock speed. It highlights the importance of perspectives. When parents have positive
starting to examine longer-term, human views, the relationship between them and
oriented perspectives. K.K. Kimppa et al. their children will be considerably better
(Eds.): HCC11 2014, IFIP AICT 431, pp. than when they have negative attitudes.
122–135, 2014. Parents respond to unpleasant emotions in
a variety of ways, which can be classified as
supportive or non-supportive (29). Parents'
6. Concentrated on other activities rather supportive reactions encourage children to
than computer system servicing tasks explore their emotions by encouraging them
during laboratory sessions to express them or by assisting them in
understanding and coping with an emotion-
Research on multitasking has uncovered eliciting scenario. Non-supportive behaviors,
clear evidence that human information such as downplaying the kid's emotional
processing is insufficient for attending to experience, disciplining the child, or getting
multiple stimuli and for performing concerned by the child's display, transmit
simultaneous tasks (Chun et al., 2011, Koch the child the message that expressing
et al., 2011, Marois and Ivanoff, 2005, unpleasant emotions is inappropriate and
Rosen et al., 2011, Tombu et al., 2011, unacceptable. Supportive parental reactions
Wood and Cowan, 1995, Wood et al., to unpleasant emotions in children have
2012). Almost all of the research on been linked to dimensions of emotional and
multitasking is conducted in the cognitive social competence, such as emotion
sciences and focuses on simple tasks such comprehension and friendship quality. Non-
as attending to a stream of words presented supportive or repressive parental reactions,
to one ear while a distractor stream is on the other hand, have been connected to
presented to the other. However, there is a child's stored negative affect and
evidence that these performance disordered behaviors during emotion-
decrements extend to more complex tasks. evoking events, probably due to an inability
Because of shifts in student technology or unwillingness to communicate unpleasant
ownership and use, researchers have sentiments.
Senior
1. Slow Speed of Computer Units
Slow Tech offers people the opportunity, on
the one hand, to spend more time on
thought, observation, and choice and, on
the other, to enjoy their short lives more.
Slow Tech introduces the time dimension
into thinking about technology. It means
that, while people continue to use ICT in the
future, they may do so in a more conscious
and responsible way. It implies that people
will need to regain control of the pace of
their days and lives, by designing
technologies that are more respectful of
their brains and bodies and that are not
necessarily based on a continual increase in
clock speed. It highlights the importance of
starting to examine longer-term, human
oriented perspectives. K.K. Kimppa et al.
(Eds.): HCC11 2014, IFIP AICT 431, pp.
122–135, 2014.
7. Peer Pressure
Peer pressure is often seen during the
adolescence stage of a teenagers because
they often seek comfort among their peers
and intend to do what their peers does
without knowing if it is good or bad for them.
Adolescence is a period of an individual that
is transitory when a child reaches the point
in changing its childhood to adulthood
(Adeniyi & Kolawole, 2015). Thus,
individuals are prone temptations in the
social contextualization concepts, for
example, socializing with others tend to do
some activities such as napping and
drinking during classes or work day (Bonein
& Denont- Boemont, 2013).