RULES OF PROCEDURE

Scope These rules are self-sufficient and shall be considered adopted in advance of the first session. No other rules of procedure are applicable. Legality of proposals shall be interpreted by the Secretary-General in accordance with the United Nations Charter unless otherwise specified. Language English shall be both the working and official language.

Statements by the Secretary-General The Secretary-General or his designated may, at any time, address the General Assembly or any other body of the United Nations. Duties and Powers of the Presiding Officer In addition to the duties and powers which are conferred him or her elsewhere in these rules, the Presiding Officer 1. Declare the opening and closing of each session; 2. Direct discussion; 3. Ensure the observance of these rules; 4. Accord the privilege of addressing the session; 5. Limit speaking time; 6. Put and announce questions; 7. Rule on points of order and other procedural matters; 8. Maintain, subject to these rules, order in each session. In addition the Presiding Officer may propose to the delegates: 1. Limitations on the number of times each delegate may speak; 2. Closure of the speakers' list; 3. Closure of debate; 4. Recess or adjournment of the session. Quorum A majority of the registered members shall constitute a quorum in all United Nations bodies. The Presiding Officer may open the session, permit debate, and permit decisions to be made unless quorum is specifically challenged and shown to be absent. Agenda The provisional agenda for all United Nations bodies shall be determined by the Presiding Officer prior to each session. Alteration of the Agenda Motions to change the agenda require a second are in order at any time another motion or resolution is not on the floor. Such a motion is debatable to the extent of one speaker 'for' and one speaker 'against', and requires a two-thirds majority to pass. A motion to change the agenda, if approved, causes the designated resolution to be considered immediately, unless otherwise specified. Speakers List The Presiding Officer of any session shall maintain a speakers list for all debatable matters. The speakers list shall consist of columns ' For' and 'Against', and at the discretion of the Presiding Officer, 'To the point'. The desire to speak

shall be indicated in writing to the Presiding Officer, or at his/her discretion, by raising one's placard. Closing the Speakers List During the discussion of any substantive matter, the Presiding Officer may announce the list of speakers and, with the permission of the majority of the members, declare the list closed. Should the Presiding Officer leave the list open, any member may move that the list be closed. Such a motion is debatable to the extent of one speaker for and one speaker against, and requires a two-thirds majority to pass. Speeches No representative may address the session without having first obtained the permission of the Presiding Officer. The Presiding Officer may call a representative to order if his/her remarks are not relevant to the matter under discussion. The length of a speaker's time shall be set, with the permission of the majority of the members, by the Presiding Officer. A motion to alter the duration of a speaker's time is debatable to one speaker 'for' and one speaker 'against', and requires a simple majority to pass. Extension of a Speaker's Time Following the exhaustion of a speaker's time, a motion to extend the speaker's may be considered in order. Objections to the motion may also be considered, while the final decision on extending the speaker's time will be made at the discretion of the Presiding Officer. A speaker's time may be extended more than once. Yields A delegate who has been recognized by the Presiding Officer to address the session on an important issue, may yield his/her time to the chair, to questions, or to any one delegate of his/her choice. Once a delegate has yielded to questions, he or she may not yield time to another delegate. A delegate who has had time yielded to his/her is allowed to then yield any remaining time to questions or to the chair. However, he or she may not yield time to another delegate. Yielded time may only be extended at the discretion of the Presiding Officer. Closure of Debate During the discussion of any substantive matter, any member may move that the debate on the matter under discussion may be closed, whether or not another member has expressed a desire to speak. Should the Presiding Officer rule such a motion in order at that time, the motion is debatable to the extent, one speaker

'for' and one speaker 'against', and requires a two-thirds majority to pass. If the committee is in favor of the closure, the chair shall declare the closure of debate and move to vote on the item under discussion. Debate is automatically closed when both sides of the speakers lists have been exhausted. All representatives shall be expected to show courtesy and respect to those speaking. Those who consistently fail to do so may be dealt with at the discretion of the Presiding Officer. Right to Reply The Presiding Officer may accord the right to reply to any member whose personal or national honor or integrity has been gravely impugned by another member. A member may not interrupt a speaker to rise to a right to reply. A right to reply does not constitute a point of order. Point of Order At any time during any session, a member may rise to a point of order. A point of order is in order only when it relates to a specific violation of the rules of the procedure (e.g. the calling of a member to order; the ruling of member, a motion, or debate out of order). The Presiding Officer shall immediately determine its merit and rule in accordance with the rules of procedure. The Presiding Officer may refuse to recognize points of order if in his/her judgment the delegate rising to the point of order has not maintained restraint and decorum which should govern the use of such a right, or if in his/her judgment the point is clearly dilatory in nature. Point of Personal Privilege At any time during any session a member may rise to a point of personal privilege if his/her health, safety, comfort, or ability to hear is severely impaired. The ruling of the Presiding Officer on points of personal privilege is not subject to appeal. Point of Inquiry At any time, except when another member has the floor, a member may rise to a point of inquiry as to the proper method of a procedure. The Presiding Officer shall answer the inquiry in accordance with the rules of procedure. Point of Information If a speaker chooses to yield any remaining time to questions, another member nay rise to a point of information directed through the Presiding Officer, to the previous speaker. It is the prerogative of the Presiding Officer to determine the merit of any such points. Once a speaker declines to yield to a question, he or she shall not be accorded the privilege of answering any further questions. Tabling

Any member may move to table any substantive matter under discussion. A motion to table effectively postpones consideration of a substantive matter indefinitely, unless a specific time limit is set. The motion is subject to debate to the extent of one speaker 'for' and one speaker 'against', and requires a two-third majority present and voting to pass. Taking Off the Table Once any substantive matter has intervened after an item has been tabled, any member may move to take the item off of the table. A motion to take off the table effectively resumes consideration of a substantive matter where the organ previously left off. Such a motion is subject to debate to the extent of one speaker 'for' and one speaker 'against', and requires a two-thirds majority to pass. This motion does not take precedent over a change in agenda. Amendments Any member may move to amend a resolution under consideration by submitting the amendment in writing to the Presiding Officer at the time the amendment is moved from the floor. The requirement for submission may be waived by the Presiding Officer. The Presiding Officer may limit the number of amendments with respect to any one resolution any may suggest that proponents of various amendments caucus to consolidate. The Presiding Officer may rule any amendment, friendly or otherwise, out of order if it drastically and obviously changes the clear intent of the resolution or is irrelevant to the item under discussion. Amendments may be made to perambulatory clauses at the Presiding Officer's discretion. Friendly Amendments During the discussion of a resolution, the sponsor, with the consent of any cosponsors, may incorporate into the body of the resolution any amendment he or she considers friendly. This friendly amendment shall then be considered an integral part of the resolution without debate for vote. All friendly amendments must be submitted in writing to the Presiding Officer, who will either announce their inclusion or rule them out of order. Friendly amendments are the only allowable tertiary amendments. Voting on Amendments When an amendment is moved to a proposal, the amendment shall be voted on first. When two or more amendments are moved to a proposal the session shall first vote on the amendment furthest removed in substance from the original proposal and then on the amendment next further removed there from, and so on until all amendments have been put to vote. If, however, the adoption of one

amendment necessarily implies the rejection of another amendment, the latter amendment shall not be put to the vote. If one or more amendments are adopted, the amended proposal shall then be voted upon. All decisions regarding the status of amendments shall be made by the Presiding Officer before voting commences. Withdrawal of Resolutions and Amendments With the consent of the co-sponsors, the sponsors may withdraw his/her resolution or amendment any time before debate on the matter begins. The resolution or amendment may then be immediately responsored by any member, at which point it resumes its original place on the agenda. Voting Each member nation shall have one vote. Accredited Observers shall be considered members for all purposes except voting. All voting shall be done by raising the delegation placard unless otherwise requested by the Presiding Officer. There shall be no changes of vote on the placard vote. "Members present and voting" shall be defined as those members who cast an affirmative or negative vote. Members who abstain shall not be considered in reckoning the totals necessary to pass a motion. Unless otherwise specifically stated in these rules, a majority of members present and voting shall be necessary to pass a motion. Roll-Call Voting After debate has been closed, but before a vote has been taken, a member may move that a role-call vote be taken. Roll-call votes are limited to substantive matters. The Presiding Officer shall decide which matters are substantive and may also refuse a request for a role-call vote if the decision of the members is clear or if a role call vote would be dilatory. A motion for a role-call vote is debatable to the extent of one speaker 'for' and one speaker 'against', and requires a second. A role-call vote is also in order without debate or vote at the discretion of the Presiding Officer in cases of tie or questionable vote. The role-call vote shall be taken in alphabetical order, beginning at a place in the alphabetical listing of members chosen, randomly or otherwise, by the Presiding Officer. As the name of the member is called, its representative shall respond "for", "against", "abstention", or "pass in the order". Any member has the right to pass in the order not more than once during a role-call vote. Before the results of a vote are announced, the Presiding Officer shall request changes of vote. No members may at this time request the privilege of explaining his or her vote.

Members other than sponsors, co-sponsors, and any members who have spoken on the side with which they voted may claim the privilege of explaining their vote on substantive matters. The Presiding Officer's decision to allow or disallow explanations of the vote is not subject to appeal. Tie Vote Procedure In the event of a tie vote, the vote shall be immediately be retaken. If this vote also results in a tie vote, the motion shall be considered to have failed. Conduct During a Vote Once the Presiding Officer has announced the beginning of the voting process, no member may interrupt except to rise in a point of order in connection with the actual voting. Division of the Question After debate has been closed but before a vote has been taken, any member may move that the operative parts of the resolution be voted on separately. Such a motion requires the second of ten (10) members and is debatable to the extent of one speaker 'for' and one speaker 'against'. A majority of members present and voting is required to pass. If all of the operative parts of a resolution are rejected, the resolution shall be considered rejected. Reconsideration Once a substantive matter has been adopted or rejected, a motion to reconsider may be moved by any member who voted with the prevailing side. The motion is subject to debate to the extent of one speaker 'for' and one speaker 'against', and requires a two-thirds majority of members present and voting to pass. Recess During the discussion of any matter, a member may move the recess of the session. Should the motion be ruled in order, it requires ten (10) seconds, and is not subject to debate, but shall be put to an immediate vote; a majority of members present and voting shall be required to pass. Adjournment Motions to adjourn are only in order after one-half of the time allotted for the last session of the organ has elapsed. In the General Assembly, no motion to adjourn shall be in order without the approval of the Presiding Officer. A motion to adjourn is not subject to debate, but shall immediately be put to a vote, and requires a majority of members present and voting to pass. Submission in Writing At any time the Presiding Officer may require that all points and motions, with the

exception of points of order and personal privilege, be submitted in writing before they will be recognized. Withdrawal of a Motion A motion may be withdrawn by its proposer at any time before voting on it has commenced, provided that the motion has not been amended. A motion thus withdrawn may be reintroduced by any member. Dilatory, Absurd and Frivolous The Presiding Officer may rule any representative out of order if the representative is engaging in dilatory, absurd or frivolous activity. Should a delegate be ruled out of order, he or she shall be denied all privileges to address the body or move any motion while that item of agenda under consideration remains before the body. Ruling of the Chair Whenever any question of matter of procedure arises which is not specifically covered by these rules, the ruling of the chair shall be in order. It is also the responsibility of the chair to rule certain motions out of order; these rulings are made at his or her discretion and are not subject to appeal. Unacceptable Statements No Presiding Officer shall entertain a speaker who wishes to publicly declare war against or secede from another nation. Pages All members shall be expected to show respect and courtesy to the pages. All pages are directly responsible to the Presiding Officer and the specific manner in which pages work shall be determined by him or her. Directives to this effect are not subject to appeal. Moderated Caucus The purpose of the Moderated Caucus is to facilitate substantive debate at critical junctures in the discussion. The moderator will temporarily depart from the Speaker's List and will call on delegates to speak at his/her discretion. When making the motion, the delegate must briefly state its purpose and state a time limit for the caucus. The motion will be voted on immediately and requires a simple majority. Appeal of the Decision of the Chair A delegate may appeal the decision of the Chair, except where otherwise stated. Appeals must be made immediately following the ruling in question. The appeal shall be subject to debate by one speaker in favor and one speaker against the

ruling, after which a vote shall be taken where two-thirds majority prevails. The Chair will put the question as follows: "Shall the decision of the Chair be sustained?" A "YES" vote signifies support for the Chair, a "NO" votes overturn the Chair's decision. Using the Veto in the Security Council The veto is a vote used by any or all permanent members of the Security Council, i.e. the United States of America, the United Kingdom, France, Russian Federation, and Peoples Republic of China. If the veto is used, then the resolution/ statement/ etc, is declared not passed by the council, even if the particular document is approved by the overwhelming majority of the council.