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Cambridge International AS & A Level

Raja Shafqat Hyatt


* 5 5 5 2 0 0 4 5 5 2 *

MATHEMATICS 9709/32
Paper 3 Pure Mathematics 3 O February/March 2024

You must answer on the question paper.


Ratalposel 1 hour 50 minutes

You will need: List of formulae (MF19)

INSTRUCTIONS





ed
Answer all questions.
Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● If additional space is needed, you should use the lined page at the end of this booklet; the question
number or numbers must be clearly shown.
● You should use a calculator where appropriate.
● You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a
lv
calculator.
● Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in
degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 75.
So

● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].

This document has 20 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

DC (LK/SW) 329847/3
© UCLES 2024 [Turn over
3

1 Find the quotient and remainder when x 4 - 3x 3 + 9x 2 - 12x + 27 is divided by x 2 + 5. [3]

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................
-3 + 4 Quotient
....................................................................................................................................................................
x2 +5 x" 3x3 + 94
=
12 +27
....................................................................................................................................................................
-

Y +522
....................................................................................................................................................................

33+ 4x
Divisor
=
....................................................................................................................................................................
-
- 12 + 27
-
33
....................................................................................................................................................................
-
15
....................................................................................................................................................................
yxz + 3x +27
....................................................................................................................................................................
422 + 20
....................................................................................................................................................................
Rd 3x + 7
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24 [Turn over


4

2 (a) Find the coefficient of x 2 in the expansion of (2x - 5) 4 - x .


(4 -
x)I [4]

Power = 1
............................................................................................................................................................

x)"= 1 + nx + n(n 1)(x)2+ n(n 1)(n 2)x3+


(1 +............................................................................................................................................................
-
-
-
.....

2
! 3!
............................................................................................................................................................
valid
First term = + - +1 Range for
............................................................................................................................................................
which
Exp is valid .

= E
............................................................................................................................................................
(4 -

x) =
[Y)1 -

2) 32 =
2)
-
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
21 +
+
() -) 2(z 1) (- + +
)
.. ..
-

............................................................................................................................................................
2(1 2 +z)
z)() )
= -
- .....

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
= -

.......
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
(2x 5)(c
COX2
-
- -
.....

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
Yx -

x -
10 + 5x - .....
............................................................................................................................................................
T
............................................................................................................................................................
10 +
Upton
-

zx
-

............................................................................................................................................................
...
-
............................................................................................................................................................

As
COHOXE
............................................................................................................................................................
=

-
............................................................................................................................................................

(b) State the set of values of x for which the expansion in part (a) is valid. [1]

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
(2n -

5)(4 x)l -

............................................................................................................................................................
(2x 5)2(1 - -

2)
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

1 4 4
-
-

............................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24 ANS


5

3 It is given that z =- 3 + i .

(a) Express z 2 in the form r e ii , where r 2 0 and - r 1 i G r . [3]


z = 1
=
13 + i)
2
Argand Diagram
............................................................................................................................................................
-

2
= 3
25i + i
............................................................................................................................................................
-

&
z 2= 2 2531
-
213
............................................................................................................................................................
-

............................................................................................................................................................
11 = Modulus = (2)+ 7-25312
............................................................................................................................................................

4 + 4x3
............................................................................................................................................................
16 =
4
............................................................................................................................................................
=Basic Aus
angle-tre of ?
............................................................................................................................................................
x tat=

2 shortest
possible Angle
............................................................................................................................................................

from
+re x-axis
............................................................................................................................................................
x = 60=
513 Aug 2 Al3
............................................................................................................................................................
Ai
-

vio = He Ans
............................................................................................................................................................
z2
(b) The complex number ~ is such that z 2 ~ is real and = 12 .
~
Find the two possible values of ~, giving your answers in the form Re ia , where R 2 0 and
- r 1 a G r. [3]
= i
= = 12 #2
............................................................................................................................................................
Hin#Ol Realno(IM2 WI = -
0) a + 39
t
= =
............................................................................................................................................................
z ?= k +oi 4
4a=
t
= 12
............................................................................................................................................................

253i)(a+ bi)= k+0i at+b2


(2 ............................................................................................................................................................
=

36
-

a =

a b=
Compare (imagpart) + =
3
............................................................................................................................................................
a
+2bi-2a-25bit a b
= It
=
24............................................................................................................................................................
2

2a............................................................................................................................................................
+263b + i (2b 2539) -

Simu Solve
2b -
253a = 6 . a
== b
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
b = 53 a a=
- b 3 -
=

+ Ei 6= Mi
1531
............................................................................................................................................................
W=
25316k e ANS I
............................................................................................................................................................
=
A1
-- 10
=
............................................................................................................................................................
mod
© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24 [Turn over As
- (
+ #
-

3)
6

4 The positive numbers p and q are such that

p
ln e o = a and ln `q 2 pj = b .
q

Express ln ` p 7 qj in terms of a and b. [4]

....................................................................................................................................................................
In (ab) = Inatlub product rule power rule
....................................................................................................................................................................
Ina-lub QuotientMe
()
In ....................................................................................................................................................................
= In (x) Plu =

....................................................................................................................................................................
=

In
(b) In (9
....................................................................................................................................................................
= a
p) = b
Inp-1nq a = Inq2+ 1p b
....................................................................................................................................................................
=

....................................................................................................................................................................
2
Inp = a+
1nq 2(q + 1p=b
....................................................................................................................................................................
Simu Solve
....................................................................................................................................................................
.

2119 + a + 1nq = b(np = a+ b a


....................................................................................................................................................................
-

>
-
31nq = b a
....................................................................................................................................................................
-

Inq b a Inp = 39
....................................................................................................................................................................
b 1 =
+ 2ab
= -

....................................................................................................................................................................
3

....................................................................................................................................................................

In(pg) in terms of ab
.
....................................................................................................................................................................

In p + ing
....................................................................................................................................................................

= 7 Inp + Inq
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................
+ b a
7(2a +b)
= -

....................................................................................................................................................................
3

....................................................................................................................................................................
14a + 16 + b a -
= 134 +
8b
=
....................................................................................................................................................................
3 3
....................................................................................................................................................................

In (p(q) ANs
a+
86
=
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24
7 12 al 12 b)
- = -

complex ECof Perp Biseta .

5 (a) On a sketch of an Argand diagram, shade the region whose points represent complex numbers z
satisfying the inequalities z - 4 - 2i G 3 and z H 10 - z . shaded Area [4]
circle
Centre (4 2)
Perpendiculo Bisector towards
,
radius = 3 endpoints (0
,
015)10 0) (10, 02
inside
,

circle (1 1-(2-10))
121 12-101

I (4 2)
,

(b) Find the greatest value of arg z for points in this region. [2]

Arg2 (Max) Arg of2 from Horizanted


............................................................................................................................................................
=

I
line
through (0, 0)
............................................................................................................................................................

I
P 0I
............................................................................................................................................................
.
.

3 9 -
1
............................................................................................................................................................

(4 23 5
=
g
............................................................................................................................................................
, ↑ I
............................................................................................................................................................

eatment............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
a+ 5
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
x 5
............................................................................................................................................................

+58ANS
=
............................................................................................................................................................
6 Gradians
............................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24 [Turn over
8

6 The equation of a curve is 2y 2 + 3xy + x = x 2 .

d y 2x - 3y - 1
(a) Show that = . [4]
dx 4y + 3x

Implicit function
............................................................................................................................................................

(2y2 + 3xy + x) = (2)


............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

44
. + 3) y+ x) + 1=
............................................................................................................................................................
.

............................................................................................................................................................

44
+ 34 +
3 +=
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

( 4y + 3x)
= 2x
3 1
............................................................................................................................................................
- -

............................................................................................................................................................

dy ANS
2x 3
-

............................................................................................................................................................
=

*
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24
9

(b) Hence show that the curve does not have a tangent that is parallel to the x-axis. [3]

............................................................................................................................................................

= 2x
3 1 ANS
............................................................................................................................................................
- -

Yy + 3x
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

tangent parallel to x-axis


............................................................................................................................................................

dy =8
............................................................................................................................................................
X
............................................................................................................................................................
2 37 1
027 + x = x3
- -

3y
=
+
............................................................................................................................................................
4y + 32
............................................................................................................................................................
+
+x x 2
2n 3y 1 =
02/22 1) +
3)
- - =
-

............................................................................................................................................................
y = 27 1 -

............................................................................................................................................................
=

(4x
= -
3 yn+ 1) + 2x x+x x =
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

+ 18x2= 9
on
= 8x +2 -

............................................................................................................................................................
26x2 8x +2 = 92
............................................................................................................................................................
=
17 82 +2 = 0
............................................................................................................................................................
a 17 =
b= 0 c =2
............................................................................................................................................................
-

, ,

............................................................................................................................................................
D = b 2 49c
............................................................................................................................................................

4)(7)(2)
=
= ( 8)
............................................................................................................................................................
-

D = 72 < 0
............................................................................................................................................................
-

No solution
............................................................................................................................................................
Hence Curve
the does not
............................................................................................................................................................

have a
targent parallel to
............................................................................................................................................................

X-axis -
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24 [Turn over


10

7
y

O a x

M min
point
The diagram shows the curve y = xe 2x - 5x and its minimum point M, where x = a .

ln b l.
1 5
(a) Show that a satisfies the equation a = [3]
2 1 + 2a
............................................................................................................................................................
2
y = x 5x
............................................................................................................................................................
-

dy = 1 22+ 2 22.
............................................................................................................................................................
2 5
-x
.
. .
-

............................................................................................................................................................
e +2 5
=............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

for point St
............................................................................................................................................................
.

e2(1 + 2) 2
............................................................................................................................................................
-
- 0
............................................................................................................................................................
x
(fNM) x= x=
in)-2)
............................................................................................................................................................
+
............................................................................................................................................................
22 ( 2x) + 5 <=
(((+
0

20)
- =
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
e2k 5
............................................................................................................................................................
I +&L .
show
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24


11

(b) Verify by calculation that a lies between 0.4 and 0.5 . [2]

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
f(x)
-(n) -20)
= x
............................................................................................................................................................
-

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
7 (0 4) -0 = 1108
.

verified
............................................................................................................................................................
.

f(0 5) + 0 4185 = ·

............................................................................................................................................................
.

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

(c) Use an iterative formula based on the equation in part (a) to determine a correct to 2 decimal
places. Give the result of each iteration to 4 decimal places. [3]
< 1 = 0 4 +0 5 = 0 45
............................................................................................................................................................
. . .

2
............................................................................................................................................................
<n + 1 = 5
11) , +2xn
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

42
11)=
............................................................................................................................................................
=

x0 45
............................................................................................................................................................
.

= 0 4837920131
............................................................................................................................................................
2
.

=
0 .
4663157525
............................................................................................................................................................
= 0 .
4752776821
............................................................................................................................................................
= 0 4706618891
............................................................................................................................................................
.

=
0 4730339061
............................................................................................................................................................
.

= 0 4718/35412
.

............................................................................................................................................................
0 47
= .

24410274
............................................................................................................................................................
= 0 47 .
21182007 x = 0 47 . ANS
............................................................................................................................................................
=
0 .

472842588
............................................................................................................................................................
x= 0 47 (2 0 9)
4721989009
. -

= 0 . .

............................................................................................................................................................
= 0 472242798Y
............................................................................................................................................................
.

© UCLES 2024 =
0 4722202225 .
9709/32/F/M/24 [Turn over
N

12

8 (a) Express 3 sin x + 2 2 cos bx + 14 rl in the form R sin (x + a) , where R 2 0 and 0 1 a 1 12 r . State
the exact value of R and give a correct to 3 decimal places. [4]

solution ............................................................................................................................................................
3sin +
Cos( ) +
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
3 since +
(COSCO-SinSm)
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

(cos Since
3 Sina+ 252 -
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
3 Sind + COS-2 Since
............................................................................................................................................................
Sinc + Cos = R & m(x + x)
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
R =
(1)2 + (2)
2
5
............................................................................................................................................................
=

............................................................................................................................................................
x=
Ha)(2) =
1 :
107
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
55 Sii(x ANS
+ 1 .

107)
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24


13

(b) Hence solve the equation

6 sin 12 i + 4 2 cos b12 i + 14 rl = 3

for - 4r 1 i 1 4r . [5]

............................................................................................................................................................
3sin + 2 cos(x +
)
=
55 sin (x 107) +
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
2
(sm() 2520S( + +
) = 3
............................................................................................................................................................

= replace)
............................................................................................................................................................
x

............................................................................................................................................................

2(55sm( + 1 :

107) = 3
............................................................................................................................................................
YACOUA
............................................................................................................................................................
-

Sm + 107) = 3
20IA
............................................................................................................................................................
-

255
............................................................................................................................................................
51767 + 10 7 390 -

............................................................................................................................................................
-

for Acc New


range
............................................................................................................................................................

S A 1st 2nd for cu


............................................................................................................................................................
,

X= 0 735
............................................................................................................................................................
.

T c
SA
0 735 2407
.
x = 0 735
............................................................................................................................................................
.

TC
Rd
,

7 . 018, 8
:

69
............................................................................................................................................................
-

(A +0135) ,
-
(25-6 735)
............................................................................................................................................................
.

= 0 135 2 . .
407 7018
............................................................................................................................................................
, ,

3 877 50548
-
.
............................................................................................................................................................
,
-

0 + 1 107 = 0 735 2 407 7 018 .

,
.

,
.
3 877
............................................................................................................................................................
. - .

............................................................................................................................................................
0 = -0 744 2 6 11 .
: .

82-9 : 968
As
............................................................................................................................................................
. ,

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24 [Turn over


14

9 Relative to the origin O, the position vectors of the points A, B and C are given by

OA = 5i - 2 j + k, OB = 8i + 2 j - 6k and OC = 3i + 4 j - 7k .

(a) Show that OABC is a rectangle. [4]


C B
solution
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
O A
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
= -A
............................................................................................................................................................
ai+ ( 5i + o 3i
2j 6k
2j k) +
4j -
= - -
=
............................................................................................................................................................
-

= i+ 6k 5i + k
2j 2j
- - -

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
- +
3i 1 OL 1
A= +
4j -
7k = 9 + 16 + 49
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

(B1 = 9 + 16 + 49
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
=c J7y =

11 =
74
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

11 1) proved
............................................................................................................................................................
=

-
............................................................................................................................................................
*............................................................................................................................................................
(5)
=

1 0 0 = -

............................................................................................................................................................

18A) = 25+ 4 + 1
=
8i2j-6k- (3it4j TR)
............................................................................................................................................................ -

............................................................................................................................................................
5 5 +k
2j
=
............................................................................................................................................................
30
-

............................................................................................................................................................
11 50
proved
=
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24


15

(b) Use a scalar product to find the acute angle between the diagonals of OABC. [4]
O
C............................................................................................................................................................
B
T A = 0 -0A
............................................................................................................................................................
=
(i yj + ) (5i 2j k)
............................................................................................................................................................
- - -

+
A
· ............................................................................................................................................................

+j-6R
# = - 2i +
6) ok
............................................................................................................................................................
-

............................................................................................................................................................

16 + 12 + 48
05.F
-
............................................................................................................................................................
COS =
............................................................................................................................................................
=

/El
............................................................................................................................................................
64 + 36 x 4 +36 +64
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
COSP = 44
............................................................................................................................................................
IOY
............................................................................................................................................................

COSO = I 0 = 640970
............................................................................................................................................................
26
............................................................................................................................................................
ANS
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24 [Turn over


16

36a 2
10 Let f (x) = , where a is a positive constant.
(2a + x) (2a - x) (5a - 2x)

(a) Express f (x) in partial fractions. [5]

solution ............................................................................................................................................................
B
-

2a + x
A + + C
Proper
( fraction)
............................................................................................................................................................
29-259-22
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
=
369 = A(2a x))59 22) + - -

............................................................................................................................................................
B(29 + 2)(59 2x) -
+ C(2a +x))2a x) -

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
X= 29
-
3697= A(49)(99) A= 1
............................................................................................................................................................
= 24 3692 B(49)(a) = B =
9
X ............................................................................................................................................................
36az 16
c()(
= 59
c=
)
X............................................................................................................................................................
-

I
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

f(x) 1 + 9 -
16
............................................................................................................................................................
=

2a + x 29- 59-22
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24


17
a
(b) Hence find the exact value of y-a
f (x) d x , giving your answer in the form p ln q + r ln s where p and

r are integers and q and s are prime numbers. [5]

f(x) =
1 + 9 -
16
............................................................................................................................................................
2at 29- 59-22
............................................................................................................................................................

solutionsta,
+ a

16a
............................................................................................................................................................
t

2a +x
ax +
9) x -

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
- a
............................................................................................................................................................
+a
In(2a x) + -

9/n(2a x) -
& (n (59 22) -

............................................................................................................................................................
-

(Ina-913a-Einta)
............................................................................................................................................................

(in3a-9/na-0(39)
............................................................................................................................................................
-

............................................................................................................................................................

9/(39) -
9lna-ina + 9/n (39) 8/u(79)
............................................................................................................................................................
-

............................................................................................................................................................
18/n (39) 10la -8 (n (79)
............................................................................................................................................................
-

............................................................................................................................................................
181 3+ 18/na-Iola-8127-819
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

ANS 18143 -
817
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
P = 18 V= 8 10 , are integers)
............................................................................................................................................................
-

a = 3 S = T (45 are prime nos)


............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24 [Turn over


18

11 The variables y and i satisfy the differential equation


dy
(1 + y) (1 + cos 2i) = e 3y .
di
It is given that y = 0 when i = 14 r .

Solve the differential equation and find the exact value of tan i when y = 1. [9]

Solution
....................................................................................................................................................................
e
(1 3) (1
+ +
OS20)
=
....................................................................................................................................................................

rearrange
....................................................................................................................................................................

(1 + y) dy do
....................................................................................................................................................................
=

I COS20 COS20 = 20050


.................................................................................................................................................................... -1
23]
....................................................................................................................................................................
3y(1
-

e + y) dy I do
....................................................................................................................................................................
=

I + 2005 -
1
....................................................................................................................................................................

(3) dy +(y 33 dy 7/s0 do


....................................................................................................................................................................
= =
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

By parts
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................
1939 dy LIATE
....................................................................................................................................................................

J. ) x = uv

J x
....................................................................................................................................................................
-

....................................................................................................................................................................
n = ydu = 2 3y
....................................................................................................................................................................
X
Any =1
....................................................................................................................................................................
v= 2
3y

....................................................................................................................................................................
-

-
3
....................................................................................................................................................................

=
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

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© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24


19

(3) dy (y 33 dy 7/s0 + = do
....................................................................................................................................................................
=

....................................................................................................................................................................
=3
( 3)
....................................................................................................................................................................
+ 3)
3
= = =
tap +
....................................................................................................................................................................
-

....................................................................................................................................................................

fr
3

03
-

-
C
....................................................................................................................................................................
-

3
y =0 , A
....................................................................................................................................................................
17
-
c= -

....................................................................................................................................................................
TG
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................
-
33
HO=?
=-
L -

....................................................................................................................................................................
3 3
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

e3 33 33
To-I
=
....................................................................................................................................................................
-
-
-

3
-

3
....................................................................................................................................................................

to -
-
s =
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

3 = ano
↳8 7
....................................................................................................................................................................
-

2
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

1 13
to = -
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

(17-13)
=
O
....................................................................................................................................................................
As
....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

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© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24
20

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© UCLES 2024 9709/32/F/M/24

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