Introduction

to IT-ITeS
Industry

• ICT stands for Information and

Communication Technology. It
encompasses technologies that
facilitate communication, information
management, and the integration of
various technologies, including
telecommunications, computers, and
the internet, to enhance the efficiency
and effectiveness of information
processing. ICT plays a crucial role in
modern society and businesses,
enabling the creation, storage,
processing, and exchange of
information.
 Advantages
of using ICT
• Improved Communication:
• ICT facilitates instant communication through emails, messaging
apps, and video conferencing, making it easier to connect with
people globally.
• Enhanced Efficiency:
• Automation and digital tools help streamline processes, reducing
manual efforts and increasing overall efficiency in tasks such as
data management and information processing.
• Access to Information:
• The internet and digital databases provide quick and easy access to
a vast amount of information, enabling individuals and
organizations to stay informed and make better decisions.
• Global Connectivity:
• ICT enables global connectivity, allowing businesses and
individuals to collaborate and share information on a global scale,
fostering international cooperation and partnerships.
• Innovation and Creativity:
• ICT tools provide platforms for innovation and creativity, allowing
individuals to develop new ideas, products, and services. This
fosters a culture of continuous improvement and progress.
• Educational Opportunities:
• ICT is widely used in education, providing students and educators with
access to online resources, collaborative platforms, and interactive
learning tools, enhancing the learning experience.
• Cost Savings:
• Through automation and digital processes, organizations can often
achieve cost savings by reducing manual labor, minimizing paperwork,
and optimizing resource utilization.
• Increased Productivity:
• ICT tools contribute to increased productivity by enabling faster and
more accurate data processing, communication, and collaboration
among individuals and teams.
• Flexibility and Mobility:
• Mobile devices and cloud computing allow individuals to access
information and work from anywhere, promoting flexibility in work
arrangements and improving mobility.
• Economic Growth:
• The widespread use of ICT can contribute to economic growth by
fostering innovation, improving business processes, and creating new
opportunities for entrepreneurship and job creation.
 Disadvantages of
using ICT
• Security Concerns:
• Increased reliance on ICT introduces security risks, including cyberattacks,
data breaches, and unauthorized access to sensitive information.
• Digital Divide:
• Not everyone has equal access to ICT, creating a digital divide between
those with access to technology and those without. This can exacerbate
existing social and economic inequalities.
• Dependence on Technology:
• Overreliance on ICT can lead to a lack of traditional skills and increased
vulnerability when systems fail. It may also contribute to a loss of face-to-
face communication skills.
• Job Displacement:
• Automation and the use of advanced technologies can lead to job
displacement as certain tasks become automated, potentially impacting
employment in certain sectors.
• Privacy Issues:
• The collection and storage of vast amounts of personal data raise privacy
concerns. Individuals may be at risk of identity theft, data profiling, or
unauthorized surveillance.
• Environmental Impact:
• The production and disposal of electronic devices contribute
to environmental pollution. Additionally, the energy
consumption of data centers and ICT infrastructure can have a
significant carbon footprint.
• Health Concerns:
• Prolonged use of ICT devices, such as computers and
smartphones, may lead to health issues such as eye strain,
musculoskeletal problems, and mental health issues like digital
addiction and information overload.
• Cost of Implementation and Maintenance:
• Implementing and maintaining ICT infrastructure, software,
and security measures can be expensive, especially for small
businesses and developing countries.
• Technological Obsolescence:
• Rapid advancements in technology can lead to the quick
obsolescence of hardware and software, requiring frequent
updates and replacements.
• Ethical Dilemmas:
• The use of ICT raises ethical concerns, such as the responsible
use of artificial intelligence, algorithmic biases, and the
potential for technology to be used for malicious purposes.
 IT in Everyday Life
We can get connected with our family,
relatives, or colleauges even if we are
We can read our local newspaper using
abroad by using the electronic mail,
the online wallpaper
yahoo messeneger, call conference, or
video conference.

We can watch interactive programs like

We can use online services to pay utility
movies, games, amazing facts using TV,
bills like electricity bill, telephone bill,
smartphones, computer, tablet and
mobile bill, water bill, gas bill, etc.
other tools.

It allows students to easily obtain

We can shop online at our doorstep resources or information with the click
using e-Commerce sites like of a button. Sites such as Google,
https://www.amazon.com, etc, through Wikipedia, and Yahoo enable students to
PC or smartphones type in their query and get relevant
results within a matter of seconds.
 IT in Library

AVOIDS TIME-CONSUMING EFFORT PROVIDES A CENTRALIZED DATABASE PREPARES ACQUISITION/ACCESSION KEEPS TRACK OF BOOKS AND THE
DONE BY THE LIBRARIAN TO MANAGE CATEGORY OF BOOKS, E- LIST OF BOOKS USING BARCODE AVAILABILITY OF A SPECIFIC BOOK
BOOKS, CD, DVD, CST MATERIALS ETC SYSTEM
 IT in Home Computing
An important use of computer
Personal computer (PC) is used sound compositions and also at home is playing games.
to work with word processing, for desktop publishing (DTP), People can watch movies, hear
Internet communications, and etc. songs and find information on
Internet.

You can easily calculate your

expenses and income using
You can find any type of You can download books to
spreadsheet packages. It is also
information from Internet. improve your knowledge.
useful to send emails, study
online training courses.

Students can explore internet Chatting/instant messaging,

to know their academic study online shopping, online banking
materials, notifications, etc. are additional benefits at home.
 IT has made both teaching and learning easier.

IT uses audio-visual education which helps students learn faster and

easily.

IT in Education IT helps the teachers and administration to keep track of all students
in classroom. IT helps to learn using e-books or digital books and
course materials online.

IT has made education more fun and entertaining.

IT has made education accessible for all the students at any time
anywhere across the globe. IT helped students learn in groups and it
has also helped teachers teach students in groups.
 Today, there are so many companies which have been
created using information technology and this has
solved the problem of job scarcity to a certain degree.
Many of these big IT corporations were started from

IT in Job Creation homes and bedrooms, but now they employ lots of
people hence adding value to our society. An excellent
example of these companies includes Google, Facebook,
Amazon, Dell, Microsoft, Linkedin, Twitter, just to
mention but a few.
 • Unlike in the past when communication was limited to
letter writing and waiting for those postal services to
deliver your message. Today technology has made the
IT in field of communication easy. Some of the technologies
used are Webex, Skype, Whats App, SMS, etc. to

Communication communicate far away easily. Also, many people use

emails technologies like Gmail, Outlook, Yahoo, etc., as
main source communication. In addition to all of the
communication technologies, we use computers for
email, chatting, FTP, telnet and video conferencing.
 IT in
Insurance
• Insurance is a legal agreement between two parties
i.e. the insurance company (insurer) and the individual
(insured). Insurance is a way of protecting yourself and
your family, home, car, etc. from a financial loss.
Information Technology is used for both life insurance
and general insurance. An insurance company uses
different ICT tools to keep records up to date of insured
information. Some of these informations like, policy
details, start date, renewal date, renewal notice/billing,
premium, maturity date, survival benefits/claims, etc.
Computers are more useful in insurance sectors as the
insurance contrasts are for longer periods and stores
huge data.
 IT in
Marketing

• Information technology plays a major role in

marketing. Marketing is based on advertising.
Companies use media houses/channels to market
their products for better sale, Companies use
advertisements as part of a marketing program to
increase sales of their products and services. Small
shopkeepers use computer for the product demo
and billing purposes. Online marketing attracts
people to purchas things by using computers and
mobile phones.
 IT in Entertainment
The inventions of technologies like Ipads, video games, home
entertainment system, improve user life. Today, internet is the main
source of entertainment. Music and movies can be downloaded online
for a small subscription fee. Companies like Netflix and Hulu, have
played a significant role in making home entertainment better.
Technology is used to make cartoons, animated movies, etc