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CRITICAL REVIEW OF "SARVANGASUNDARA" COMMENTARY WRITTEN BY

ARUNDUTTA
Article in World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research · September 2019

DOI: 10.20959/wjpr201910-16814
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World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Monika et al. SJIF Research
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Impact Factor 8.084
Volume 8, Issue 10, 1878-1885. Review Article ISSN 2277– 7105
CRITICAL REVIEW OF “SARVANGASUNDARA” COMMENTARY

WRITTEN BY ARUNDUTTA
1*
Dr. Prabodh Yerawar, 2Dr. Anjna Tak and 3Dr. Sudarshan Thakur
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Basic Principles, Faculty of Ayurved, Main Campus,
Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun (U.K.).
2
Associate Professor, Department of Prasuti Tantra and Stri Roga, Faculty of Ayurved, Main
Campus, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun (U.K.).
3
Lecturer, Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, R.G.G.P.G. Ayurvedic
College, Paprola (H.P.).
ABSTRACT
Article Received on
21 July. 2019, Point by point depiction of the subject and explanation of the substance
Revised on 10 Aug. 2019, is the interest of time. The Commentators audit the writings as per the
Accepted on 01 Sep. 2019
DOI: 10.20959/wjpr201910-16814 time and by criticizing the root verses, they increment the importance
and reasonableness of the writings. The Sarvangasundara commentary
*Corresponding Author
of Arundutta is one of the commentaries written on 'Ashtanga
Dr. Prabodh Yerawar Hridaya'(AH). The stream and style of this commentary is so engaging
Assistant Professor, contrasted with different commentaries that the importance and
Department of Basic embodiment of the subject is caught even without perusing the root
Principles, Faculty of
versus of AH. The element of this commentary is to address the
Ayurved, Main Campus,
Uttarakhand Ayurved
inquiry in various ways by bringing up the issue through agreement.
University, Dehradun The profound information on the different controls of writing was
(U.K.). unmistakably noticeable in the analysis. The Terminologies (TN)
utilized by Arundutta can be ordered into 19 classifications.
Sarvangasundara is an epitome and versatile commentary which gives significant
comprehension into the AH.
KEYWORDS: Arundutta, Sarvangasundara, Ashtanga Hridayam, terminologies,

commentary.
www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 10, 2019. 1878

Monika et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
1. INTRODUCTION
Currently, only Samhitas are available in the form of primitive texts of Ayurveda. In this
sequence, there are Charaka, Sushruta and Vagbhat’s Samhita of Ayurveda. With the course
of time, the knowledge multiplies many folds in respect to scientific approach. From Satyuga
to Kalyuga neither the age of people is same or the knowledge. Detailed description of the
subject and clarification of the content is the demand of time. In this view, the roles of
commentators have been important. The commentators review the texts according to the time
and by criticizing the original texts, they increase the relevance and practicality of the texts
and make them great. There have been most commentaries on the Ashtanga Hridaya, among
them the Sarvangasundara commentary has its own special place. From the point of view of
clinical utility of all the subjects from Charaka period and to clarify the fundamental
principles of Ayurveda, the Arundutta’s Sarvangasundara commentary has an important
place.
2. Introduction to the author (Arundutta)

Knowledge of the introduction of any person through his literature is based on two facts, that
is, internal evidence and external evidence. In the form of anecdotal evidence, we get a brief
introduction about the author in the opening verse and the chapter passages. The external
evidence is given in the beginning of the book called ‘Ashtanga Hridayam’. Arundutta has
introduced himself in the beginning of his commentary. According to this, he is the son of
Mrigankadutta.[1] He has written the commentary on Ashtanga Hridaya inspired from the
commentary ‘Padartha chandrikia’ written by Chandranandana.[1] He has proved himself to
be Vaishnava and resident of Bengal through his initial prayer.[1] The word ‘Kali’ in the
prayer also proves him Begali. ‘Dutta’ holds the title ‘Kayasthas’ in Bengal. The mention of
Jalandhar[2] and many areas of western India in his commentary also makes one think that
Arundutta was a Punjabi Brahmin (Saraswat Brahmin), as the title ‘Dutta’ is of Brahmins in
Punjab. Even after reading the entire commentary, it was not clear which king he was
dependent on. Apart from Ayurveda, he was learned scholar of grammar literature, alankara,
chhanda, philosophy, etc. in the literary field; he has mentioned the works of Valmiki[3],
Kalidasa[4], Bana[5], and Rudrata.[6] He also seems to have extraordinary authority over
Buddhist and Agama texts. He was a good poet also. The period of Arundutta can be dated to
the first half of the thirteenth century.

3. The purpose of the Commentary, readability and subject rendering style

Sarvangasundara commentary is simpler, more succulent and spontaneous than other
commentaries. The grammar of the words has been well proven. The flow and style of this
commentary is so appealing compared to other commentaries that the meaning and essence of
the subject is captured even without reading the root versus of Ashtangahridaya. The feature
of this commentary is to address the question in a diverse manner by raising the question
through consensus. Raising the doubt and doubt resolution method is used at various steps in
this commentary. To make the subject systematic and interesting, Arundutta has used various
maxims like Dootasandeshavachana nyaya[7], Ghritdagdha nyaya[8], Kakakshigolaka
nyaya[9], and etc. The deep knowledge of the various disciplines of literature was clearly
visible in the commentary. The commentary has used various alankara and chhanda to
explain the topics. The commentary is completely free from difficult words.
4. Content review
The contents present in the commentary were analyzed and categorized into 6 major groups
on the basis of the description.
4.1 Chhanda (Sanskrit couplet or stanza tetrastich)

Arundutta has ascertained the chhanda of all the verses of the Ashtangahridaya and explained
it with description. The chhanda of the verses are usually derived from the book
‘Vrittaratnakara’ written by Kedar Bhatt. Arundutta has described a total of 44 chhanda.
4.2 New verses of Arundutta

Arundutta was a poet himself, so he composed more than a hundred verses. 30 verses related
to types of rasa (taste),[10] 7 verses related to skin,[11] 10 verses related to kala,[12] 6 verses
related to koshtanga,[12] 19 verses related to Jaala,[13] 10 verses related to sandhi (joints),[13]
and 5 verses related to ten types of sannipata.[14]
4.3 Geographical distribution

Arundutta has introduced his geographical knowledge in a small amount in the context of
food grains and miscellaneous food items and analyzing the water of many rivers. Arundutta
has mentioned various places like Uttarapatha[15], Dakshinapatha,[16] Prachyadesha,[17]
Malava,[17] Konkan,[17] Kashmir[18], Uttarkuru[18], Magadha[18], Jalandhar[18], Gaud[18],
Avanti,[17] Takka[19] and Kurukshetra.[20] Arundutta has mentioned various mountains like
Pariyatra.[17] Malaya[17], Mahendra[17], Vindhya[17], Sahya[17] and Himvat.[21] Arundutta has

also mentioned Bay of Bengal as Prachya Udadhi[17] and Arabian Sea as Paschim Udadhi.[22]
He has mentioned Indian Ocean as Sagar.[17]
4.4 Medicinal plants

The knowledge of medicinal plants of Arundutta has been extensive. Arundutta has described
the plants with their prevailing synonyms, cognition, and shape and clear meaning so that
they can have an unambiguous state. Arundutta has cleared the ambiguity of the drugs raised
due to the use of synonyms in the root verses of Ashtanga Hridaya. Arundutta has described a
total of 465 drugs (medicinal plants).
4.5 Medicinal preparations

Arundutta has described methodology of preparation (cooking sequence) of drugs. Wherever
the quantities of drugs are not mentioned in the compound formulations mentioned by
Vagbhata, Arundutta has described their quantities.
4.6 Terminologies
After the analysis of terminologies (TNs) given in the Sarvangasundara commentary, it was
found that they can be categorized into 19 categories. The total percentage of TNs in each
category were: Anatomical terms (6.34%), Herbal Drugs or products (2.61%), Animals or
animal products (1.49%), Place related (5.22%), Psychological terms (15.29%), Physiological
terms (1.49%), Language related (14.17%), Disease related (4.1%), Basic Principles of
Ayurveda(BPA) (1.49%), Signs and Symptoms related (9.7%), Treatment/Procedures related
(9.7%), Spiritual terms (0.75%), Pathological terms (5.22%), Instruments related (1.87%),
Objects related (3.36%), Time/Age related (1.49%), Pharmacological terms (3.73%), Food
related (9.7%) and Measurement related (2.24%). [Table – 1].

Table 1: Distribution of Terminologies.
5. Comparison with other commentaries

The three main commentaries available on Ashtanga Hridaya are Padartha Chandrika of
Chandranandana, Sarvangasundara of Arundutta and Ayurveda Rasayana of Hemadri.
Sarvangasundara is the only commentary which is completely available. Commentary of
Arundutta is inspired from Padartha Chandrika. One can easily depict the similarities
between these two commentaries. Commentary of Arundutta has explained nearly each and
every word of Ashtanga Hridaya, while the commentary of Hemadri is quite shorter.
6. CONCLUSION
Sarvangasundara is an embodiment and adaptable commentary which gives profound
understanding into the Ashtanga Hridaya. It likewise illuminates various ideas of Ayurveda
to think in new creative manners. It will be extremely valuable to the objective populace like
Ayurveda and life science understudies, doctors, academicians, scientists in an incredible
way.
REFERENCES
1. Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hridayam, with Sarvangasundara and Ayurved Rasayana
Commentary by Arundutta and Hemadri respectively, Pt. Hari Sadashiva Shastri
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 1st Adhyaya, 1st verse (prayer), Sarvangasundara
Commentary. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashana; Reprint, 2010; 1.

Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 6th Adhyaya, 1-4th and 89 verses, Sarvangasundara

Commentary. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashana; Reprint, 2010; 84 and 104.
Paradkara, editor. Sharirasthana, 5th Adhyaya, 110th verse, Sarvangasundara
Paradkara, editor. Chikitsasthana, 21st Adhyaya, 5th verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashana; Reprint, 2010; 722.
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 9th Adhyaya, 1st verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 1st Adhyaya, 7th verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary,
Sutrasthana, 14th Adhyaya, 36th verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary. Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashana; Reprint, 2010; 7 and 229.
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 1st Adhyaya, Gadyasutra 2, Sarvangasundara
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 1st Adhyaya, 6th verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 22nd Adhyaya, 33rd verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 10th Adhyaya, 40-42nd verses, Sarvangasundara

Commentary. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashana; Reprint, 2010; 179 and

180p.
Paradkara, editor. Sharirasthana, 3rd Adhyaya, 8th verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
Paradkara, editor. Sharirasthana, 3rd Adhyaya, 9th verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
Paradkara, editor. Sharirasthana, 3rd Adhyaya, 14-15th verses, Sarvangasundara
Paradkara, editor. Chikitsasthana, 7th Adhyaya, 43rd verse, Sarvangasundara
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 5th Adhyaya, 41st verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 6th Adhyaya, 1-4th verses, Sarvangasundara Commentary.


Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 5th Adhyaya, 78th verse, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
Paradkara, editor. Chikitsasthana, 9th Adhyaya, 16-22nd verses, Sarvangasundara
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 5th Adhyaya, 9-10th verses, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 5th Adhyaya, 8th verses, Sarvangasundara Commentary.
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See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

CRITICAL REVIEW OF "SARVANGASUNDARA" COMMENTARY WRITTEN BY

Article in World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research · September 2019

Research Methodology View project

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

Volume 8, Issue 10, 1878-1885. Review Article ISSN 2277– 7105

CRITICAL REVIEW OF “SARVANGASUNDARA” COMMENTARY

KEYWORDS: Arundutta, Sarvangasundara, Ashtanga Hridayam, terminologies,

www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 10, 2019. 1878

2. Introduction to the author (Arundutta)

www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 10, 2019. 1879

3. The purpose of the Commentary, readability and subject rendering style

4.1 Chhanda (Sanskrit couplet or stanza tetrastich)

4.2 New verses of Arundutta

4.3 Geographical distribution

www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 10, 2019. 1880

4.4 Medicinal plants

4.5 Medicinal preparations

www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 10, 2019. 1881

Table 1: Distribution of Terminologies.

5. Comparison with other commentaries

www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 10, 2019. 1882

Paradkara, editor. Sutrasthana, 6th Adhyaya, 1-4th and 89 verses, Sarvangasundara

www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 10, 2019. 1883

Commentary. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashana; Reprint, 2010; 179 and

www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 10, 2019. 1884

19. Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hridayam, with Sarvangasundara and Ayurved Rasayana

www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 10, 2019. 1885

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