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Multitheading in Java

Multithreading class presentation notes

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21 views

Multitheading in Java

Multithreading class presentation notes

Uploaded by

subhashissohail
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is multithreading?

• Multithreading in Java is a process of


executing multiple threads simultaneously.
• Multithreading is a subset of Multitasking.

• Multitasking means that the operating


system (OS) allows more than one task to be
executed concurrently, regardless of whether
the tasks use the same program or different
programs.
• We use multitasking to utilize the CPU.
Advantages of Multithreading
• 1) It doesn't block the user because
threads are independent and you can
perform multiple operations at the same
time.
• 2) It can perform many operations
together, so it saves time.
• 3) Threads are independent, so it doesn't
affect other threads if an exception occurs
in a single thread.
What is a thread?
• A thread is a lightweight
subprocess, the smallest unit of
processing. It is a separate path
of execution.
• Threads are independent. If
there occurs exception in one
thread, it doesn't affect other
threads. It uses a shared memory
area.
Processes are basically the programs that are
dispatched from the ready state and are scheduled in
the CPU for execution.
Reference: https://www.javatpoint.com/multithreading-in-java
Java Thread class
• In Java, the Thread class is a
fundamental tool for working with
threads.
• It equips developers with the means
to create threads and perform various
operations on them.
• This class extends the basic
functionality provided by the Object
class and also implements the
Runnable interface, allowing for
versatile and concurrent
programming.
Life Cycle of a Thread
1. New: The thread is newly created but has not yet
started its execution.
2. Active: The thread is actively executing its code
or performing its task.
3. Blocked / Waiting: The thread is temporarily
suspended because it's waiting for some event or
resource, such as I/O, to become available. It's in
a blocked state until the condition is met.
4. Timed Waiting: Similar to the "Waiting" state,
but with a specific time limit. The thread waits
for a specified duration and then automatically
transitions to the "Active" state.
5. Terminated: The thread has completed its
execution and has terminated. Once terminated,
a thread cannot be restarted.
Java Thread Methods
• start() : It is used to start the execution of the thread.
• run() : It is used to do an action for a thread.
• sleep() : It sleeps a thread for the specified amount of time.
• currentThread() : It returns a reference to the currently executing
thread object.
• join() : It waits for a thread to die.
• getPriority(): It returns the priority of the thread.
• setPriority(): It changes the priority of the thread.
Java Thread Methods(contd).
• getName(): It returns the name of the thread.
• setName(): It changes the name of the thread.
• getId(): It returns the id of the thread.
• isAlive(): It tests if the thread is alive.
• yeild(): It causes the currently executing thread object to pause and
allow other threads to execute temporarily.
• suspend():It is used to suspend the thread.
• resume():It is used to resume the suspended thread
Java Thread Methods(contd).
• stop():It is used to stop the thread.
• destroy():It is used to destroy the thread group and all of its
subgroups.
• synchronized(): The synchronized keyword is used to provide
mutual exclusion, ensuring that only one thread can execute a
synchronized block or method at a time. It is primarily used to
prevent race conditions and ensure thread safety when multiple
threads access shared resources or critical sections.
Ways of Running a Code in Threads

• The major difference is that when a class extends the Thread class,
you cannot extend any other class, but by implementing the
Runnable interface, it is possible to extend from another class as well,
like: class MyClass extends OtherClass implements Runnable.
Execution of code in a thread – extending
Thread Class
Execution of code in a thread – implementing
Runnable
Issues while Running a Code in Threads
Concurrency Issues: Threads execute concurrently with other parts of
the program, making it unpredictable to determine the order in which
the code will run.
Example:
Output is different
In diff. iterations.
Solution for Concurrency Issues
Use join():
Solution for Concurrency Issues
Use isAlive():
Issues while Running a Code in Threads
Race-around Issues: Threads execute parallel to one another, making it
unpredictable to determine the order in which the threads will run.
Example:
Output is different
In diff. iterations.
Solution for Race-Around Issues
• Use synchronized
synchronized block prevent
race conditions by allowing
only one thread to execute
them at a time, ensuring that
shared data is accessed and
modified safely.
Additional Resources
For more details, try to visit the following sites apart from books:
a) https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1315432
b) https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/java_multithreading.htm
c) https://www.javatpoint.com/multithreading-in-java
d) https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/multithreading-in-java/
Thank you

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