3765-Books-Doubtnut-Question-Bank NBNNBNBNB

PHYSICS
BOOKS RESNICK AND HALLIDAY PHYSICS

(HINGLISH)
OSCILLATIONS
Checkpoint
1. A particle hanging from a thread is launched
horizontally such that it completes a circle. Is the
motion periodic or oscillatory?

Watch Video Solution
2. A particle hanging from a thread is launched
horizontally with small speed that it does not even
reach to the horizontal level. Is the motion
periodic or oscillatory?
3. A particle undergoing simple harmonic
oscillation of period T (like that in Fig. 15-1) is at
− xm at time t=0. Is it at − xm at + xm at 0,
between − xm and 0, or between 0 and + xm
when (a) t= 2.00T, (b) t = 3.05T, and (c ) t= 5.25T?
4. Which of the following relationships between a
particle's acceleration a and its position x
harmonic oscillation (a) a = 3x

2
, (b) a= 5x, (c )
a = − 4x , (d) a = − 2/x ? For the SHM. What is
the angular frequency (assume the unit of rad/s)?

5. Which of the following relationships between
the force F on a particle and the particle's position
x gives SHM: (a) F = − 5x , (b) F = − 400x

2
, (c )
F= 10x, (d) F = 3x
2
?
6. Find the distance traveled by a particle
execcuting SHM with time period T and amplitude
xm in time T/12 after starting from rest.

7. In Fig 15.5, the block has a kinetic energy of 3J
and the spring has an elastic potential energy of 2J
when the block is at x = + 2.0cm . (a) What is the
kinetic energy when the block is at x= 0? What is
the elastic potential energy when the block is at
(b) x = − 2.0cm and (c ) x = − xm ?
View Text Solution
8. Here are three sets of values for the spring
constant, damping constant, and mass for the
damped oscillator of Fig. 15.17. Rank the sets
according to the time required for the mechanical

energy to decrease to one-fourth of its initial
value, greatest first.

¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯
Set 12k 0 b0 m0
Set 2 k0 6b0 4m 0
Set 33k 0 3b0 m0

–––––––––––––––––––––
View Text Solution
Problems
1. Hanging from a horizontal beam are nine simple
pendulums of the following lengths: (a) 0.10, (b)
0.30, (c ) 0.70, (d) 0.80, (e ) 1.2 (f) 2.6 (g) 3.5 (h) 5.0
and (i) 6.2m. Suppose the beam undergoes

horizontal oscillations with angular frequencies in
the range from 2.00 rad/s to 4.00 rad/s. Which of
the pendulums will be (strongly) set in motion?
View Text Solution
2. An oscillator consists of a block of mass 0.500kg
connected to a spring. When set into oscillation
with amplitude 35.0 cm, the oscillator repeats its
motion every 0.350s. Find the (a) period, (b)
frequency, (c ) angular frequency, (d) spring
constant, (e ) maximum speed, and (f ) magnitude

of the maximum force on the block from the
spring.
3. In Fig. 15.29 two springs are joined and
connected to a block of mass 0.490kg that is set
oscillating over a frictionless floor. The springs
each have spring constant k= 5000N/m. What is
the frequency of the oscillations?

4. In an electric shaver, the blade moves back and
forth over a distance of 2.0 mm in simple harmonic
motion, with frequency 100Hz. Find (a) the
amplitude, (b) the maximum blade speed and (c )
the magnitude of the maximum blade
acceleration.
View Text Solution
5. A massless spring hangs from the ceiling with a
small object attached to its lower end. The object

is initially held at rest in a position y such that the
spring is at its rest length. The object is then
released from y and oscillates up and down, with
its lowest position being 10cm below y, (a) What is
the frequency of the oscillation? (b) What is the
speed of the object when it is 8.0 cm below the
initial position? (c ) An object of mass 600g is
attached to the first object, after which the system
oscillates with half the original frequency. What is
the mass of the first object? (d) How far below y, is
the new equilibrium (rest) position with both
objects attached to the spring?
View Text Solution

6. Two particles execute simple harmonic motion
of the same amplitude and frequency along close
parallel lines. They pass each other moving in
opposite directions each time their displacement
is half their amplitude. Their phase difference is
7. Find the mechanical energy of a block-spring
system with a spring constant of 1.8 N/cm and an
amplitude of 2.4cm.

8. AN oscillating block-spring system has a
mechanical energy of 2.00J, an amplitude of
10.0cm, and a maximum speed of 0.800 m/s. Find
(a) the spring constant, (b) the mass of the block
and (c ) the frequency of oscillation.
9. An automobile can be considered to be
mounted on four identical springs as far as
vertical oscillations are concerned. The springs of
a certain car are adjusted so that the oscillations

have a frequency of 3.00Hz. (a) What is the spring
constant of each spring if the mass of the car is
2110kg and the mass is evenly distributed over the
springs? (b) What will be the oscillation frequency
if five passengers, averaging 85.0kg each, ride in
the car with an even distribution of mass?
10. The position function x= (6.0m)
cos[(3πrad / s)t + π / 3 rad] gives the simple
harmonic motion of a body. At t=21s, what are the
(a) displacement, (b) velocity, (c ) acceleration, and

(d) phase of the motion? Also, what are the (e )
frequency and (f) period of the motion?
11. Two particles oscillate in simple harmonic
motion along a common straight-line segment of
length A. Each particle has a period of 1.5s but they
differ in phase by π /6 rad. (a) How far apart are
they (in terms of A) 0.60s after the lagging particle
leaves one end of the path? (b) Are they then
moving in the same direction, toward each other,
or away from each other?

View Text Solution
12. A 10g particle undergoes SHM with an
amplitude of 2.0mm, a maximum acceleration of
magnitude 3
6.5 × 10 m / s
2
, and an unknown
phase constant ϕ. What are (a) the period of the
motion, (b) the maximum speed of the particle,
and (c ) the total mechanical energy of the
oscillator? What is the magnitude of the force on
the particle when the particle is at (d) its
maximum displacement and (e ) half its maximum
displacement?

13. In Fig. 15.33, a stick of length L= 1.65 m oscillates
as a physical pendulum. (a) What value of distance
x between the stick's center of mass and its pivot
point O gives the least period? (b) What is that
least period?
14. What is the oscillation amplitude of a 4.00kg
box oscillating on a spring with spring constant
100N/m if at time t= 1.00s the position is x = 0.129m
and the velocity is v= 5.00m/s? At t= 0, what are (a)
the position and (b) the velocity?
View Text Solution
15. A 5.00kg object on a horizontal frictionless
surface is attached to a spring with k= 1000N/m.
The object is displaced from equilibrium 40.0cm

horizontally and given an initial velocity of 10.0m/s
back toward the equilibrium position. What are (a)
the motion's frequency (b) the initial potential
energy of the block-spring system, (c ) the initial
kinetic energy and (d) the motion amplitude?
16. What is the maximum acceleration of a
platform that oscillates at amplitude 2.50cm and
frequency 6.60Hz?

17. A body undergoes simple harmonic motion of
amplitude 4.25cm and period 0.200s. The
magnitude of the maximum force acting on it is
10.0N. (a) What is the mass? (b) If the oscillations
are produced by a spring, what is the spring
constant?
18. A thin uniform rod (mass= 0.90kg) swings about
an axis that passes through one end of the rod
and is perpendicular to the plane of the swing. The
rod swings with a period of 1.5s and an angular

amplitude of 10
∘
. (a) What is the length of the
rod? (b) What is the maximum kinetic energy of
the rod as it swings?
View Text Solution
19. A pendulum is formed by pivoting a long thin
rod about a point on the rod. In a series of
experiments, the period is measured as a function
of the distance x between the pivot point and the
rod's center. (a) If the rod's length is L= 2.20 m and
its mass is m= 22.1g, what is the minimum period?
(b) If x is chosen to minimize the period and then L

is increased does the period increase, decrease, or
remain the same? (c ) If, instead, m is increased
without L increasing does the period increase,
decrease or remain the same?
View Text Solution
20. Figure 15.39 shows the kinetic energy K of a
simple harmonic oscillator versus its position x.
The vertical axis scale is set by K

s
= 8.0J . What is
the spring constant?
21. An object undergoing simple harmonic motion
takes 0.25g to travel from one point of zero
velocity to the next such point. The distance
between those points is 32cm. Calculate the (a)

period (b) frequency and (c ) amplitude of the
motion.
22. If the phase angle for a block -spring system in
SHM is π /8 rad and the block's position is given
by x = x m cos(ωt + ϕ) , what is the ratio of the
kinetic energy to the potential energy at time t= 0?

23. An oscillator consists of a block attached to a
spring (k= 425N/m). At some time t, the position
(measured from the system's equilibrium location),
velocity and acceleration of the block are x=
0.100m, v = 13.6m / s, and a = − 123m / s

2
.
Calculate (a) the frequency of oscillation, (b) the
mass of the block and (c ) the amplitude of the
motion.

24. An oscillating block-spring system takes 0.25s
to begin repeating its motion. Find (a) the period,
(b) the frequency in hertz, and (c ) the angular
frequency in radians per second.
25. A particle with a mass of 3.00 × 10

− 20
kg is
oscillating with simple harmonic motion with a
period of 2.00 × 10
−5
s and a maximum speed of
3
1.00 × 10 m / s . Calculate (a) the angular
frequency and (b) the maximum displacement of
the particle.
26. When the displacement in SHM is 0.40 times
the amplitude xm , what fraction of the total
energy is (a) kinetic energy and (b) potential
energy? (c ) At what displacement, in terms of the
amplitude, is the energy of the system half kinetic
energy and half potential energy?
View Text Solution

27. A block rides on a piston (a squatcylindrical
piece) that is moving vertically with simple
harmonic motion. (a) If the SHM has period 1.0s, at
what aplitude of motion will the block and piston
separate? (b) If the piston has an amplitude of
3.0cm. What is the maximum frequency for which
the block and piston will be in contact
continuously ?
View Text Solution
28. Suppose that a simple pendulum consists of a
small 60.0g bob at the end of a cord of negligible

mass. If the angle θ between the cord and the
vertical is given by
θ = (0.0800rad)cos[(6.80rad / s)t + ϕ] what are
(a) the pendulum's length and (b) its maximum
kinetic energy?
View Text Solution
29. A block is on a horizontal surface (a shake
table) that is moving back and forth horizontally
with simple harmonic motion of frequency 2.0 Hz.
The coefficient of static friction between block and
surface is 0.45. How great can the amplitude of the

SHM be if the block is not to slip along the
surface?
View Text Solution
Practice Questions
1. Which one of the following statement is true
concerning an object executing simple harmonic
motion?
A. The object's velocity is never zero
B. The object's acceleration is never zero.

C. The object's velocity and acceleration are
simultaneously zero
D. The object's velocity is zero when its
acceleration is a maximum.
Answer: D
View Text Solution
2. Resonance occurs in harmonic motion when
A. The system is overdamped
B. the system is critically damped

C. the energy in the system is a minimum
D. the driving frequency is the same as the
natural frequency of the system.
Answer: D
View Text Solution
3. A simple pendulum has length L and period T. As
it passes through its equilibrium position, the
string is suddenly clamped at its midpoint. The
period then becomes

A. 2T
B. T
T
C.
2
D. none of these
Answer: D
View Text Solution
4. An object of mass m, oscillating on the end of a
spring with spring constant k has amplitude A. its
maximum speed is
A. A√k / m
B. A 2
k /m
C. A√m / k
D. Am / k
Answer: A
5. The velocity of a certain simple harmonic
oscillator is given by
v = − (12m / s)sin[(6.0rad / s)t] . What is the
amplitude of the simple harmonic motion?

A. 2.0m
B. 4.0m
C. 6.0m
D. 8.0m
Answer: A
6. A 0.20kg object mass attached to a spring
whose spring constant is 500N/m executes simple
harmonic motion. If its maximum speed is 5.0m/s,
the amplitude of its oscillation is

A. 0.0020m
B. 0.10m
C. 0.20m
D. 25m
Answer: B
7. A ball hung from a vertical spring oscillates in
simple harmonic motion with an angular
frequency of 2.6 rad/s and an amplitude of 0.075m.
What is the maximum acceleration of the ball?

A. 0.13m / s 2
B. 0.20m / s 2
C. 0.51m / s 2
D. 2.6m / s 2
Answer: C
8. A 1.2kg mass is oscillating without friction on a
spring whose spring constant is 3400N/m. When
the mass's displacement is 7.2cm. What is its
acceleration?
A. − 3.8m / s 2
B. − 200m / s 2
C. − 240m / s 2
D. − 2.0 × 10 4
m /s
2
Answer: B
9. The displacement of an object oscillating on a
spring is given by x(t) = x m cos(ωt + ϕ) . If the
initial displacement is zero and the initial velocity

is in the negative x direction. Then the phase
constant ϕ is
A. 0 rad
π
B. rad
2
C. π rad
3π
D. rad
2
Answer: B

10. The displacement of an object oscillating on a
spring is given by x(t) = x m cos(ωt + ϕ) . If the
object is initially displacement in the negative x
direction and given a negative initialy velocity,
then the phase constant ϕ is between
π
A. 0 and rad
2
π
B. and π rad
2
3π
C. π and rad
2
3π
D. and 2π rad
2
Answer: B
11. A 0.25kg block oscillates on the end of the
spring with a spring constant of 200N/m. If the
oscillation is started by elongating the spring
0.15m and giving the block a speed of 3.0m/s, then
the maximum speed of the block is
A. 0.13m/s
B. 0.18m/s
C. 3.7m/s
D. 5.2m/s
Answer: D
View Text Solution
12. The amplitude of oscillation of a simple
pendulum is increased from 1

∘
to 4
∘
. Its
maximum acceleration changes by a factor of
1
A.
4
1
B.
2
C. 2
D. 4
Answer: D
View Text Solution
13. A particle undergoes damped harmonic motion.
The spring constant is 100N/m, the damping
constant is 8.0 × 10
−3
kgm / s , and the mass is
0.50kg. If the particle starts at its maximum
displacement, x= 1.5m at time t=0, what is the
particle's position at t= 5.0s?
A. − 1.5m
B. − 0.73m
C. 0m
D. 0.75m
Answer: B
View Text Solution
14. Five particles undergo damped harmonic
motion. Value for the spring constant k, the
damping constantb, ad the mass m are given
below. Which leads to the smallest rate of loss of
mechanical energy?
A. k=100N/m, m=50g, b= 8g m/s
B. k= 150N/m, m=50g, b= 5gm/s
C. k=150N/m, m=10g,b= 8gm/s
D. k=200N/m, m=8g, b=6gm/s
Answer: B
View Text Solution
15. A particle is osicllating according to the
equation X = 7 cos(0.5πt) , where t is in second.
The point moves from the position of equilibrium
to maximum displacement in time

A. 4.0s
B. 2.0s
C. 1.0s
D. 0.5s
Answer: C
16. An archer pulls the bowstring back for a
distance of 0.470m befor releasing the arrow. The
bow and string act like a spring whose spring

constant is 425N/m. (a) What is the elastic
potential energy of the drawn bow?
A. 93.8J
B. 49.9J
C. 46.9J
D. 61.8J
Answer: C
View Text Solution

17. A simple pendulum is made from a 0.65m long
string and a small ball attached to its free end. The
ball is pulled to one side through a small angle
and then released from rest. After the ball is
released, how much time elaspses before it attains
its greatest speed?
A. 0.40s
B. 0.10s
C. 0.80s
D. 0.20s
Answer: A
View Text Solution
18. The length of a simple pendulum is 0.79m and
the mass of the particle (the ''bob'') at the end of
the cable is 0.24kg. The pendulum is pulled away
from its equilibrium position by an angle of 8.50 ∘
and released from rest. Assume that friction can
be neglected and that the resulting oscillatory
motion is simple harmonic motion. What is the
angular frequency of the motion?
A. 9.1 rad/s
B. 12 rad/s
C. 8.2 rad/s
D. 3.5 rad/s
Answer: D
View Text Solution
19. A block is attached to a horizontal spring and
oscillates back and forth on f frictionless
horizontal surface at a frequency of 3.00Hz. The
amplitude of the motion is 5.08 × 10

−2
m . At the
point where the block has its maximum speed, it
suddenly splits into two identical parts, only one

part remaining attached to the spring. What is the
amplitude and the frequency of the simple
harmonic motion that exists after the block splits?
A. 5.08 × 10 −2
m, 4.24H z
B. 3.59 × 10 −2
m, 4.24H z
C. 2.54 × 10 −2
m, 3.00H z
D. 3.59 × 10 −2
m, 6.00H z
Answer: B
View Text Solution

20. A copper rod (length =2.0m, radius
= 3.0 × 10
−3
m ) hangs down from the ceiling. A
9.0kg object is attached to the lower end of the
rod. The rod acts as a ''spring'' and the object
oscillates vertically with a small amplitude.
Ignoring the rod's mass, find the frequency f of the
simple harmonic motion.
A. 66Hz
B. 13Hz
C. 93Hz
D. 37Hz
Answer: A
View Text Solution
21. Two physical pendulums (not simple
pendulums) are made from meter sticks that are
suspended from the ceiling at one end. They are
identical, except that one is made of wood and the
other of metal. They are set into oscillation and
execute simple harmonic motion. The wood and
metal pendulums have masses of 0.17 and 0.85kg,
respectively. Determine the period of wood
pendulum.
A. 1.64s
B. 1.98s
C. 1.02s
D. 1.35s
Answer: A
View Text Solution
22. The position of a simple harmonic oscillator is

π
given by x(t) = (0.50)cos( , where t is
t)
3
measured in seconds. What is the maximum
velocity of this oscillator?

A. 0.17m/s
B. 0.52m/s
C. 0.67m/s
D. 1.0m/s
Answer: B
23. The acceleration of a certain simple harmonic
a =
2
− (15.8m / s )cos(2.51t) . What is the
amplitude of the simple harmonic mootion?

A. 2.51m
B. 4/41m
C. 6/30m
D. 11.1m
Answer: A
24. A 1.0kg block oscillates with a frequency of 10Hz
at the end of a certain spring. The spring is then
cut into two halves. The 1.0kg block is then made

to oscillate at the end of one of the halves. What is
the frequency of oscillation of the block?
A. 5Hz
B. 10Hz
C. 14Hz
D. 20Hz
Answer: C
View Text Solution

25. A simple harmonic oscillator with a period of
2.0s is subject to damping so that it loses one
percent of its amplitude per cycle. About how
much energy does this oscillator lose per cycle?
A. 0.005
B. 0.01
C. 0.02
D. 0.03
Answer: C

26. A pendulum is transported from sea-level,
where the acceleration due to gravity g is
9.80m / s
2
, to the bottom of Death Valley. At this
location, the period of the pendulum is decreased
by 3.00%. What is the vaue of g in Death Valley?
A. 9.22m / s 2
B. 9.51m / s 2
C. 9.80m / s 2
D. 10.4m / s 2
Answer: D
View Text Solution
27. In a certain clock, a pendulum of length L , has 1
a period T1 = 0.95s . The length of the pendulum
is adjusted is adusted to a new L2 such that
T2 = 1.0s . What is the ratio L

2
/ L1 ?
A. 0.90
B. 0.95
C. 1.0
D. 1.1
Answer: D
View Text Solution
28. A simple pendulum consists of a ball of mass m
suspended from the ceiling using a string of
length L. The ball is displaced from its equilibrium
position by a small angle θ. What is the magnitude
of the restoring force that moves the toward its
equilibrium position and produces simple
harmonic motion?
A. kx
B. mg
C. mg(cos θ)
D. mg(sin θ)
Answer: D
View Text Solution
29. An iron ball hangs from a 21.5m steel cable and
is used in the demolition of a building at a
location where the acceleration due to gravity is
9.75m / s
2
. The ball is swung outward from its
equilibrium position for a distance of 4.20m.
Assuming the system behaves as a simple

pendulum, find the maximum speed of the ball
during its swing.
A. 4.45m/s
B. 2.83m/s
C. 17.8m/s
D. 1.71 m/s
Answer: B

30. The motion of a particle is given by
x = A sin ωt + B cos ωt. The motion of the
particle is
A. not simple harmonic
B. simple harmonic with amplitude A + B
C. simple harmonic with amplitude (A + B) / 2
D. simple harmonic with amplitude √A 2

+ B
2
.
Answer: D

31. A particle executes simple harmonic motion
with a frequency. (f). The frequency with which its
kinetic energy oscillates is.
A. f / 2
B. f
C. 2f
D. Zero
Answer: C

32. A thin uniform rod of length l is pivoted at its
upper end. It is free to swing in a vertical plane. Its
time period for oscillation of small amplitude is
A. 2π√l / g
B. 2π√2l / 3g
C. 2π√3l / 2g
D. 2π√l / 2g
Answer: B

33. A particle moves on the X-axis according to the
equation 2
x = x 0 sin ωt . The motion simple
harmonic
A. with amplitude x . 0
B. with amplitude 2x . 0
C. with the time period 2π / ω.
D. with the time period π / ω
Answer: D

34. Statement 1: While crossing a bridge, soldiers
are asked to break steps.
Statement 2: When natural frequency of an
oscillating system equals frequency of external
impulse, its amplitude of oscillating may become
very high.
A. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true,
Statement 2 is the correct explanation of
Statement 1.
B. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true,
Statement 2 is not correct explanation of

Statement 1
C. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false
D. Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true
Answer: A
View Text Solution
35. Two springs of spring constant 6N / m and
4N / m are attached to a block of mass 1 kg and to
fixed support. Then time period of the given
oscillation is
(consider √10 = π )
A. 1s
B. 2s
C. 0.5s
D. 4s
Answer: B
View Text Solution
36. Time period of vertical oscillation of the block
in the system in the figure is

m
A. 2π sec θ√
2k
m
B. 2π cos θ√
2k
m
C. 2π sin θ√
2k
m
D. 2π cos ecθ√
2k
Answer: A

37. A particle moves in the xy plane according to
the equation
→
r = ( î + 2 ĵ)A cos ωt
The motion of the particle is
A. on a straight line
B. in an ellipse
C. periodic
D. simple harmonic.
Answer: A::C::D
View Text Solution

38. An object is released from rest. The time it
takes to fall through a distance h and the speed of
the object as it falls through this distance are
measured with a pendulum clock. The entire
apparatus is taken on the Moon and the
experiment is repeated. Then,
A. the measured times are same.
B. the measured speeds are same.
C. the actual times in the fall are equal.
D. the actual speeds are equal.
Answer: A::B
View Text Solution
39. Which of the following quantities are always
negative in a simple harmonic motion?
→
A. F
→
. a
B.
→ →
v . r
C.
→ →
a . r
→
D. F
→
. r
Answer: C::D

40. The amplitude of a particle executing SHM
about O is 10cm. Then
A. When the kinetic energy is 0.64 of its
maximum kinetic energy, its displacement is
6 cm from point O.
B. when the displacement is 5 cm from point O,
its kinetic energy is 0.75 of its maximum
potential energy.
C. its total energy at any point is equal to its
maximum kinetic energy.

D. its velocity is half the maximun velocity when
its displacement is half the maximun
displacement.
Answer: A::B::C
41. A (hypothetical) large slingshot is stretched
2.30 m to launched a 170 g projectile with speed
sufficient to escape from Earth (11.2km / s) .
Assume the elastic bands of the slingshot obey
Hooke's law.
What is the spring constant of the device if all the
elastic potential energy is converted to kinetic
energy?
A. 4.03 × 106
N /m
B. 2.02 × 106
N /m
C. 8.06 × 106
N /m
D. 6.09 × 106
N /m
Answer: A
View Text Solution

42. A (hypothetical) large slingshot is stretched
2.30 m to launched a 170 g projectile with speed
sufficient to escape from Earth (11.2km / s) .
Assume the elastic bands of the slingshot obey
Hooke's law.
Assume that an average person can be exert a
force of 490 N. How many people are required to
stretch the elastic bands?
A. 9.5 × 10 3
B. 1.89 × 10 4
C. 3.78 × 10 4
D. 2.85 × 10 4
Answer: B
43. A 2.0 - kg block executes SHM while attached to
a horizontal spring of spring constant 200N / m .
The maximum speed of the block as it slides on a
horizontal frictionless surface is 3.0m / s.
What is the amplitude of the block's motion?
A. 0.15 m
B. 0.45 m
C. 0.30 m
D. 0.60 m
Answer: C
View Text Solution

What is the magnitude of its maximum and
minimum accelerations?
A. 30m / s 2
, 15m / s
2
B. 30m / s 2
, 5m / s
2
C. 15m / s 2
, 0m / s
2
D. 30m / s 2
, 0m / s
2
Answer: D
View Text Solution

How long does the block take to complete 7.0
cycles of its motion?
A. 4.0 s
B. 4.4 s
C. 3.8 s
D. 3.5 s
Answer: B
View Text Solution
46. A block weighing 10.0 N is attached to the
lower end of a verticle spring (k = 200.0N / m) ,
the other end of which is attached to a ceiling. The
block oscillates vertically and has a kinetic energy
of 2.00 J as it passes through the point at which
the spring is unstretched.
What is the period of the oscillation?
A. 0.45 s
B. 0.90 s
C. 0.15 s
D. 0.303 s
Answer: A
View Text Solution
Use the law of conservation of energy to

determine the maximum distance the block moves
both above and below the point at which the
spring is unstretched (these are not necessarily
the same)
A. 0.05 m and 0.25 m
B. 0.1. m and 0.20 m
C. 0.15 m and 0.15 m
D. 0.13 m and 0.17 m
Answer: B
View Text Solution

What is the amplitude of the oscillation and the
maximum kinetic energy of the block as it
oscillates?
A. 0.20 m and 4.50 J
B. 0.30 m and 3.35 J
C. 0.25 m and 3.25 J

D. 0.15 m and 2.25 J
Answer: D
49. In the given table, Column I gives type of
motion, Column II gives the path traced and
Column III gives other characteristic of the motion.

Choose the combination that defines the
characteristics of periodic motion.
A. (III) (ii) (L)
B. (III) (iv) (J)
C. (II) (i) (M)
D. (II) (i) (K)
Answer: B


characteristics of simple harmonic motion.
A. (I) (iii)(K)
B. (IV) (iii) (J)
C. (II) (iii) (M)
D. (I) (iii) (L)
Answer: D

characteristics of simple harmonic motion.

A. (III) (i) (K)
B. (I) (i) (L)
C. (IV) (ii) (M)
D. (I) (iv) (L)
Answer: C
oscillation, Column II gives change in amplitude of
oscillation and Column III gives examples of these
types of oscillation.
The combination that defines the features of
damped oscillation is
A. (I) (iii) (L)

B. (IV) (i) (M)
C. (II) (iv) (K)
D. (III) (iv) (K)
Answer: D
The combination that defines the features of
forced oscillation is
A. (III) (ii) (L)

B. (II) (i) (L)
C. (II) (iii) (K)
D. (I) (i) (M)
Answer: B
The combination that defines the features of free
oscillation is
A. (I) (ii) (M)

B. (I) (i) (K)
C. (III) (iii) (L)
D. (I) (ii) (L)
Answer: A
55. When a 20 N can is hung from the bottom of a
vertical spring, it causes the spring to stretch 20
cm. The spring is now placed horizontal on a
frictionless table. One end of it is held fixed, and
the other end is attached to a 5.0 N can. The can is

then moved (stretching the spring) and released
from rest. What is the period (in × 10

−2
s) of the
resulting oscillation?
56. An engineer has odd-shaped 10 kg object needs
to find its rotational inertia about an axis through
its center of mass. The object is supported on a
wire stretched along the desired axis. The wire has
a torsion constant k = 0.50N . m . If this torsion
pendulum oscillates through 20 cycles in 50 s,

what is the rotational inertia (in10
−2 2
kgm ) of
the object?
Sample Problem
1. A block whose mass m is 680g is fastened to a
spring whose spring constant k is 65N/m. The
block is pulled a distance x=11cm from its
equilibrium position at x=0 on a frictionless
surface and released from rest at t= 0.

What are the angular frequency, the frequency,
and the period of the resulting motion?
What is the amplitude of the oscillation?

What is the maximum speed vm of the oscillating
block, and where is the block when it has this
speed?

What is the magnitude am of the maximum
acceleration of the block?

What is the phase constant ϕ for the motion?
What is the displacement function x(t) for the
spring block system?

7. At t=0, the displacement x(0) of the block in a
linear oscillator like that of Fig . 15.5 is − 8.50cm .
(Read x(0) as ''x at time zero'') The block's velocity
v(0) then is − 0.920m / s , and its acceleration a(0)
is + 47.0m / s .2
What is the angular frequency ω of this system?
linear oscillator like that of Fig . 15.5 is − 8.50cm .
(Read x(0) as ''x at time zero'') The block's velocity

is + 47.0m / s .2
What are the phase constant ϕ and amplitude x ? m
View Text Solution
9. If the position of the block in a block-spring
−3
x(t) = (3.00 × 10 m)cos[(4.00rad/s)t + 0.120rad]
, what is the block's position, velocity and
acceleration at time t= 2.30s?

linear oscillator like that of Fig. 15.5 is − 8.50cm .
(Read x(0) as ''x at time zero''). The block's velocity
is + 47.0m / s .2
What is the angular frequency ω of this system?
linear oscillator like that of Fig. 15.5 is − 8.50cm .
(Read x(0) as ''x at time zero''). The block's velocity

is + 47.0m / s .
2
What is the phase constant ϕ and amplitude x ? m
View Text Solution
12. Write equation of SHM of angular frequency ω
and amplitude xm if the particle is situated at
x m / √2 at t= 0 and is going toward mean
position.

13. A particle move along y-axis according to
equation y = 3 + 4 cos ωt. The motion of the
particle is
14. A particle is moving on y axis under a varible
force F = − ky + C .
If in part (a) F = − 10y + 20, and mass m of the
particle is 2.5kg and it is released from rest from
y = + 3 , at t= 0, write the equation of SHM.

15. Many tall building have mass dampers, which
are antisway devices to prevent them from
oscillating in a wind. The device might be a block
oscillating at the end of a spring and on a
lubricated track. If the building sways, say
eastward, the block also moves eastward but
delayed enough so that when it finally moves, the
building is then moving back westward. Thus, the
motion of the oscillator is out of step with the
motion of the building. Suppose the block has
mass 5
m = 2.72 × 10 kg and is designed to
oscillate at frequency f= 10.0 Hz and with

amplitude x m
= 20.0cm .
What is the total mechanical energy E of the
spring block system?
16. Many tall building have mass dampers, which
are antisway devices to prevent them from
oscillating in a wind. The device might be a block
oscillating at the end of a spring and on a
lubricated track. If the building sways, say
eastward, the block also moves eastward but
delayed enough so that when it finally moves, the

building is then moving back westward. Thus, the
motion of the oscillator is out of step with the
motion of the building. Suppose the block has
mass m = 2.72 × 10 kg
5
and is designed to
oscillate at frequency f= 10.0 Hz and with
amplitude x m
= 20.0cm .
What is the block's speed as it passes through the
equilibrium point?
17. A block of mass 4m is attached to a vertical
spring of spring constant k. The block is made by

gluing two blocks of mass 3m and m, respectively.
Initially, the block is in equilibrium and at rest (Fig.
15.13a). At t=0, the part of the block having ass 3m
falls down. Considering hanging point on ceiling
as y=0 and downward direction as positive y, find y-
coordinate of mass m as a function of time.
View Text Solution
18.
A uniform bar with mass m lies symmetrically

across two rapidly rotating fixed rollers, A and B
with distance L=2.0 cm between the bar's centre of
mass and each roller. The rollers, whose directions
of rotation are shown in figures slip against the
bar with coefficient of kinetic friction μk = 0.40.
suppose the bar is displaced horizontally by the
distance x as shown in figure and then released.
the angular frequency ω of the resulting
horizontal simple harmonic motion of the bar is
(in rad s
−1
)

19. Figure 15.16a shows a thin rod whose length L is
12.4cm and whose mass m is 135g, suspended at
its midpoint from a larg wire. Its period Ta of
angular SHM is measured to be 2.53s. An
irregularly shaped object, which we call object X, is
then hung from the same wire, as in Fig. 15.13b,
and its period Tb is found to be 4.76s. What is the
rotational inertia of object X about its suspension
axis?
View Text Solution

20. In Fig 15.19a, a meter stick swings about a pivot
point at one end, at distance h from the stick's
center of mass.
What is the period of oscillation T?
View Text Solution
21. In Fig 15.19a, a meter stick swings about a pivot
point at one end, at distance h from the stick's
center of mass.
What is the distance L between the pivot point O

0
of the stick and the center of oscillation of the
stick?
View Text Solution
22. For the damped oscillator of Fig. 15.20, m=
250g, k= 85N/m, and b= 70g/s
What is the period of the motion?
250g, k= 85N/m, and b= 70g/s

How long does it take for the amplitude of the
damped oscillations to drop to half its initial
value?
250g, k= 85N/m, and b= 70g/s
How long does it take for the mechanical energy
to drop to one-half its initial value?
View Text Solution

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PHYSICS

BOOKS RESNICK AND HALLIDAY PHYSICS

1. A particle hanging from a thread is launched

horizontally such that it completes a circle. Is the

motion periodic or oscillatory?

2. A particle hanging from a thread is launched

horizontally with small speed that it does not even

reach to the horizontal level. Is the motion

Watch Video Solution

3. A particle undergoing simple harmonic

oscillation of period T (like that in Fig. 15-1) is at

when (a) t= 2.00T, (b) t = 3.05T, and (c ) t= 5.25T?

Watch Video Solution

4. Which of the following relationships between a

particle's acceleration a and its position x

harmonic oscillation (a) a = 3x

a = − 4x , (d) a = − 2/x ? For the SHM. What is

the angular frequency (assume the unit of rad/s)?

Watch Video Solution

the force F on a particle and the particle's position

x gives SHM: (a) F = − 5x , (b) F = − 400x

Watch Video Solution

6. Find the distance traveled by a particle

execcuting SHM with time period T and amplitude

xm in time T/12 after starting from rest.

Watch Video Solution

and the spring has an elastic potential energy of 2J

when the block is at x = + 2.0cm . (a) What is the

kinetic energy when the block is at x= 0? What is

the elastic potential energy when the block is at

(b) x = − 2.0cm and (c ) x = − xm ?

View Text Solution

8. Here are three sets of values for the spring

constant, damping constant, and mass for the

damped oscillator of Fig. 15.17. Rank the sets

according to the time required for the mechanical

value, greatest first.

Set 33k 0 3b0 m0

View Text Solution

1. Hanging from a horizontal beam are nine simple

pendulums of the following lengths: (a) 0.10, (b)

and (i) 6.2m. Suppose the beam undergoes

the range from 2.00 rad/s to 4.00 rad/s. Which of

the pendulums will be (strongly) set in motion?

View Text Solution

2. An oscillator consists of a block of mass 0.500kg

connected to a spring. When set into oscillation

with amplitude 35.0 cm, the oscillator repeats its

motion every 0.350s. Find the (a) period, (b)

frequency, (c ) angular frequency, (d) spring

constant, (e ) maximum speed, and (f ) magnitude

Watch Video Solution

3. In Fig. 15.29 two springs are joined and

connected to a block of mass 0.490kg that is set

oscillating over a frictionless floor. The springs

each have spring constant k= 5000N/m. What is

the frequency of the oscillations?

4. In an electric shaver, the blade moves back and