ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS PROJECT WORK 2024

INTRODUCTION

In everyday life, business statistics exist to

provide quantitative tools for analyzing and
summarizing data. Besides, business statistics
are used to assist managers in making business
decisions. Examples of business statistical
information are stock market, inflation, sales,
exports and imports, agriculture and many more.
The question now, if you are a researcher, what is
an effective way to link the broad and orderly
network of information to decision makers in a
usable format.

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PART 1

1. Table 1 shows the prices and the price indices of five components A, B, C, D and E,
used to produce a kind of toy.

Price (RM) for the year Price index for the year 2016
Component
based on the year 2013
2013 2016
A 1.20 1.50 125
B x 2.20 120
C 4.00 6.00 150
D 3.00 2.75 y
E 2.00 z 140

Table 1

Find the value of x, y and z.

2. Table 2 shows the prices, the price indices and weightages for four types of pens
that are P, Q, R and S.

Price (RM) per unit

Types of Price index for the year 2018
pen Year based on the year 2017
Year 2017
2018

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 P 2.80 2.10 x
Q 4.00 4.80 120
R 2.00 y 130
S z 5.80 116

Table 2

Find the value of x, y and z.

3. Table 3 shows the price indices for three items, S,T and U, used in the production of
a type of bag.

Item Price index in the year 2016 Price index in the year 2018
based on the year 2014 based on the year 2014

S 110 130
T 125 x
U y 125

Table 3

a) Find the price index of item S in the year 2018 based on the year 2016

b) The price of item T in the year 2014 is RM 8.50 and its price in the year 2018 is
RM 12.50.
Find

(i) the value of x

(ii) the price of item T in the year 2016

4. Calculate the composite index for all the goods in the year 2015 using the year 2012
as the base year in Table 4.

Goods A B C D
Index number 105 110 100 115
Weightage 2 4 1 3

Table 4

5. The following table shows the prices and weightages of four types of canned drinks
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 for year 2011 and the year 2012.

Price (RM/tin)
Type of canned Weightage 2011 2012
drink
A 3 1.00 1.20
B 1 0.80 1.00
C 2 1.10 1.10
D 4 2.20 2.00

Table 5

Find the composite index for 2012 using the year 2011 as the base year.

BAHAGIAN 2

PART 2 – CASE STUDY

Complete the following table:

A) The following are the ingredients to bake a cake. Given the prices of the ingredients to
bake the cake in 2014, you need to get the prices of the ingredients at the grocery store
near your home.

Price Index in
the year 2018
Price in the Price in the Weightage
Ingredients using year IW
year 2014 year 2018 (W)
2014 as the
base year (I)
Self-raising
flour
RM12.50 5
600g

Butter
RM5.00 3
250g

Castor Sugar
RM2.20 4
250g

6 grade C
RM3.50 2
eggs

RM6.30 1
Seasoning
such as vanilla
essence and
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 chocolate
powder

Table 6

Using specific methods, explain how you can determine the composite index for baking a cake in
year 2018 based on the year 2014.

You need to attach a picture of the ingredients to bake this cake.

B) Here are your Monthly Family Needs. You are required to identify expenses in year 2014
and year 2018 taking into account the monthly spending for your family.

i) You need to discuss with your parents about your family expenses according to the
requirements listed in Table 7 in a month. Next, complete the following table for your family's
expense.

Price Index
in the year
Expenses in the Expenses in the Weightage 2018 using
Items IW
year 2014 year 2018 (W) year 2014 as
the base year
(I)
House rental/
house loan
Utilities (water,
electricity,
Astro, internet
and etc bill)
Meals
Clothing and
shoes
Medication and
health
Transportation
(school bus/ car
loan)
Education
(school fee/
PTA/ Tuition)
Entertainment

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 Table 7

Determine the composite index for your family expenses in the year 2018 using 2014 as the base
year.

PART 3

(A) Based on the information in Part 2, Table 6, it is estimated that the cost of each item will
increase by 15% from the year 2018 to the year 2020.
a) Determine the composite index of the cost of making a cake on the year 2020 based
on the year 2015.
b) By using another method, prove your answer in A(i).
c) Explain your findings in (i) and (ii).

(B) Based on the information in Part 2, Table 7, the expenses of the items needed in a family
will change in the year 2020 according to the given rate as in Table 8:

Estimation change of family expenses

Items on year 2020 with the year 2015 as the
base year.
House rental/ house loan 30% increase
Utilities (water, electricity, Astro,
Unchanged
internet and etc bill)
Meals 20% increase
Clothing and shoes 5% increase
Medication and health Unchanged
Transportation (school bus/ car loan) 10% decrease
Education (school fee/ PTA/ Tuition) 15% increase
Entertainment 5% decrease

Table 8

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 a) Determine the composite index of expenses of the family in 2020 based on 2015.
b) If the monthly expenses of the family in year 2015 is RM1200, calculate the expenses of
the family in year 2020.

c) The price index of a bicycle in the year 2015 and 2018 based on 2013 is 118 and 125
respectively. Determine the price index of the bicycle in year
a) 2018 based on 2015,
b) 2020 based on 2015, if the price index on year 2020 based on 2018 is 122.72.

PART 4

1. The table shows the price index and the number of 3 type of comodities.

Comodity Price (RM) Price index Number of

2018 comodities
(2013 =100)

P 50 55 y 40
Q 45 x 120 50
R 60 75 125 z

Table 9
a. Find the value of x and of y.

b. Given the composite index of commodity for the year 2018 taking 2013 as the based year is
116.5. Find the value of z..

c. The cost of commodity for the year 2013 is RM5000. Calculate the cost of the corresponding
for the year 2018.

d. Gives your opinion about, the price index and the composite index.

2. The table shows the price index and the percentage of usage of four items A,B,C and D , which
are the main ingredients to bake a cake.

Item Price Index for the year Percentage of usage (%)

2018 based on the year
2013
A 130 30
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 B 100 20
C 110 10
D x 40

Table 10
a. Find

i. the price of item C for the year 2018 if the price for the year 2013 is RM42.50.

Give your reason.

ii. the price index of item A for the year 2018 taking the year 2008 as the based year if the price
index for the year 2013 taking the year 2008 as the based year is 125.

b. The composite index of making cake for the year 2018 taking the year 2013 as the based year
is 120.

Find ;

i. the value of x .

ii. the price of cake of the year 2013 if the corresponding price of the year 2018 is RM60.

Give your reason on the changes of the price of cake.

3. The table shows a weekly salary mean for 3 groups of semi skilled workers .The index
number shown refers to the year 2017 taking the year 2013 as the based year. The number of
employees shown based on the statistics in year 2013 according to the groups of workers.

Group of Year 2017 (2013=100)

workers
Weekly salary Salary mean Index Number Number of
mean (RM) (RM) workers
A 90 150 a 300
B b 320 160 150
C 350 c 200 80

Table 11

a. Complete the above table. Give comments on the values obtained.

b. Calculate the composite index for weekly salary mean for the year 2017 taking the year 2013
as the based year.

4.

Office Equipment Price Change Weightage

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 P Increased by 10% 1
Q Unchanged 2
R Decreased 2% 4
S 3

Table 12

The table shows the price changes of four office equipments from the year 2016 to the year
2018,
together Material Price Index with
their K 120
respective L 110
M 115
weightage. The
N x
composite index
for the year 2018 taking the year 2016 as the based year is 101.7.

Find the percentage of price change for equipment S.

5. Jadual 13 shows the price indices of a type of fertiliser produced by a factory, by mixing

four types of materials, K,L,M and N in the mass ratio p: 4: 8: 3 . The price indices

shown in the table are for the year 2016 taking the year 2013 as the based year.

Table 13

a. If prices of material N in the year 2013 and 2016 were RM20.00 and RM21.60 respectively,

Find the value of x.

b. The composite index for the year 2016 taking the year 2013 as the based year is 114.2. Find
the value of p.

c. From the year 2016 to the year 2018 ,the price index of the material K increased by 10% ,the
price index of material L decreased by 5% and the price indices of material M and N were

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unchanged. Calculate the composite index for the year 2018 taking the year 2013 as the based
year.

FURTHER EXPLORATION

Valuation and Property Services Department has made a study on house prices in Malaysia.
Table 14 shows the price index and weightage for four types of houses and twelve states in
Malaysia in year 2016 and 2017 based on year 2010.

TABLE 14

PRICE INDEX OF HOUSES ACCORDING TO STATES

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 Table 14

(a) Table 14 shows an analysis of house price indices by states. Explain changes in the price
index according to type of houses and states for year 2016 and 2017.
Hence, state the effect on
(i) environmental factors and physical conditions
(ii) economic factors - examples of household income, education level.
(iii) social factors - examples of cultural structures, neighborhood quality, environmental
development of the residential area (shopping complex).
(b) Find the composite index in the year 2017, by selecting at least six states of four types of
houses and discuss your finding.
(c) Housing incentives in Budget 2018 contributed to the rise in home ownership this year, with
the estimated home price index in 2018 expected to increase but not exceeding seven percent
compared to the year 2017. Referring to Table 14, find the house price index in the year
2018 by selecting

(i) at least two states,

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(ii) four types of houses.

(iii) increase of percentage which is not more than 7%.

END OF PROJECT WORK

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