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Abstraction

The document discusses abstraction, abstract classes, and abstract methods. Abstraction hides complex details and shows essential information. Abstract classes cannot be instantiated directly but can be inherited from. Abstract methods have a signature but no implementation and subclasses must implement them.

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seantanjunhao11
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© © All Rights Reserved
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17 views

Abstraction

The document discusses abstraction, abstract classes, and abstract methods. Abstraction hides complex details and shows essential information. Abstract classes cannot be instantiated directly but can be inherited from. Abstract methods have a signature but no implementation and subclasses must implement them.

Uploaded by

seantanjunhao11
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A B S T R A C T I O N

SIT Internal

LEARNING OUTCOMES

• What is abstraction?

• Need

• Creating abstract classes and methods

• Rules and Restrictions


SIT Internal

W H AT I S A B ST R AC T I O N ?

• Hiding complex, low-level details with a simpler, high-level layer

• The process of hiding certain details and showing only essential


information to the user.

What does it mean?


SIT Internal

ABSTRACTION
simplified representations of objects

Abstract Abstract
Classes Methods

focus on what they do, rather than how they do it


SIT Internal

ABSTRACT CLASSES

• A class whose object cannot be created

• It can only be inherited


SIT Internal

ABSTRACT METHODS

• Methods whose signature has been provided, but no


implementation for that method is given
• Method without a meaningful or incomplete
implementation
abstract void setInfo();
SIT Internal

ABSTRACT METHODS

Any class which contains an abstract method MUST also be


abstract
abstract class Person{

abstract void setInfo();

}
SIT Internal

ABSTRACT METHODS

Contract: The Sub-class of the abstract class must implement all


abstract methods in parent
abstract class Person{
abstract void setInfo();
}

public class Student extends Person


public class Teacher extends Person {
{
void setInfo(){
void setInfo(){
}
}
}
}
SIT Internal

ABSTRACT METHODS

• An abstract class can extend abstract class A{


abstract void setValue();
another abstract class }
abstract class B extends A{
• Last sub-class should not be //some code
}
abstract
class C extends B
• The last sub-class MUST
{
implement remaining abstract void setValue() {
}
methods }
SIT Internal

ABSTRACT CLASSES

• Can include abstract and non-abstract (concrete) methods

• Abstract methods are declared without an implementation, while


concrete methods have actual code implementation.
SIT Internal

CONCLUSION
• Abstraction: lets you use objects in a way that hides the details you don't need to
know, making it easier to work with complex systems and allowing you to focus on
the important aspects of your code
• Abstract Classes:
– classes that cannot be instantiated directly
– serve as blueprints or templates for creating concrete (non-abstract) subclasses

• Abstract Methods:
– declared without a method body
– Subclasses must provide implementations for all abstract methods.

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