Update Command

Oracle-SQL
“Update” Command:
 Is a DML Command.
 It is a used to update [modify] the records.
 It can be also used to perform calculations and store the result in
tables.
 Using this command we can update single record, a set of records &
all records.
Syntax:
Update <Table_Name>
Set <column-1>=<value-1>[, <column-2>=<value-2>, ......... ]
[Where <Condition>];
Example:
Update emp set sal=4000,comm=500 where empno=7900;
Examples on “Update” Command:

Example-1:
Create Emp Table with following structure, insert the records & perform
update operations on emp table based on different conditions:
Emp
Empno Ename Job MGR HireDate Sal Comm Deptno
7369 RAJU CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 VAMSHI SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 RAVI SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7566 SURESH MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7654 KIWI SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7698 NAYAN MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
7782 GEETHA MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10
7788 VRINDH ANALYST 7566 09-DEC-82 3000 20
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10
7844 SHASHI SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 30
7876 SWETHA CLERK 7788 12-JAN-83 1100 20
7900 VARUN CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30
7902 SAI ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20
7934 ANR CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10
TechBuzz IT Solutions Shashi Vardhan

Oracle-SQL
Creating Table & Inserting Records:

Above Table Table Creation Query and insert queries are available in
“oracle sample tables.txt” file [ This pdf file available in google drive].
Increasing 10% salary to an employee whose empno is 7900 [Updating

one field value of a record]:
SQL> Update emp Set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where empno=7900;
Output:
1 row updated.
Updating job value as manager and sal as 5000 to the employee whose
empno is 7369 [Updating multiple field values of a record]:
SQL> Update emp set sal=5000, job='MANAGER' where empno=7369;
Output:
1 row updated.
Increasing 10% sal to all managers [Updating Multiple Records]:

SQL> update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where job='MANAGER';
Output:
4 rows updated.
Increasing 15% salary to all employees [Updating all records]:

SQL> update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.15;
Output:
14 rows updated.
Updating records using parameters:

SQL> Update emp set sal=&sal where empno=&empno;
Enter value for sal: 2000
Enter value for empno: 7900
Output:
old 1: Update emp set sal=&sal where empno=&empno
new 1: Update emp set sal=2000 where empno=7900
1 row updated.

Oracle-SQL
SQL> /
Enter value for sal: 3000
Enter value for empno: 7934
Output:
old 1: Update emp set sal=&sal where empno=&empno
new 1: Update emp set sal=3000 where empno=7934
1 row updated.
Increasing 10% salary to all managers and clerks:

SQL> update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where job='MANAGER' or
job='CLERK';
[OR]
SQL> update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where job IN('MANAGER','CLERK');
Increasing 10% salary to the employees whose salary is between 1000

and 2000:
SQL> update emp set sal=sal+Sal*0.1 where sal>=1000 and sal<=2000;
[OR]
SQL> update emp set sal=sal+Sal*0.1 where sal between 1000 and
2000;
Increasing 10% salary to all employees except managers:

update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where job!='MANAGER';
[OR]
update emp set sal=sal+Sal*0.1 where job not in('MANAGER');
Increasing 10% sal to the employees whose comm is null:

Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where comm is null;
Increasing 10% sal to the employees whose comm is not null:

Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where comm is not null;
Updating comm as null to the employees whose comm is not null:

Update emp set comm=null where comm is not null;

Oracle-SQL
Updating comm as 500 to all employees:

SQL> Update emp set comm=500;
Updating comm as 1000 for all employees of deptno 20:

Update emp set comm=1000 where deptno=20;
Increasing 10% sal to the employees whose name is started with 's':
Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where ename like 'S%';
Increasing 10% sal to the employees whose name's second character

is 'A':
update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where ename like '_A%';
Increasing 10% sal to the employees who joined in 1981:

Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where hiredate like '%81';
Increasing 10% salary to the employees of deptno 20 who joined in

1981:
Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where hiredate like '%81' and
deptno=20;
Increasing 10% sal to the employees who joined in 82 and 83:

SQL> Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where hiredate like '%82' or
hiredate like '%83';
[OR]
SQL> Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where hiredate between '1-JAN-
1982' and '31-DEC-1983';
[OR]
Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where hiredate>='1-JAN-1982' and
hiredate<='31-DEC-1983';
Increasing 10% sal to the employees whose name has 4 characters:

Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where ename like ' ';
Increasing 10% sal to the employees who have greater than 40 years
experience:
Update emp set sal=sal+sal*0.1 where (sysdate-hiredate)/365>40;

Oracle-SQL
Example-2:
Create a Table with following Structure & Insert the records. Then
calculate total and average marks:
Student
StdID SName M1 M2 M3 Total Avrg
1001 Ravi 40 80 60
1002 Sravan 66 44 77
Creating “Student” Table:

SQL> Create Table Student(
StdId Number(4),
SName Varchar2(20),
M1 Number(3),
M2 Number(3),
M3 Number(3),
Total Number(3),
Avrg Number(5,2));
Output:
Table created.
Inserting Records into “Student” Table:

SQL> Insert into Student(StdId,Sname,M1,M2,M3)
values(1001,'Ravi',40,80,60);
Output:
1 row created.
SQL> Insert into Student(StdId,Sname,M1,M2,M3)

values(1002,'Sravan',66,44,77);
Output:
1 row created.
Calculating Total:
SQL> Update Student Set Total=M1+M2+M3;
Output:
2 rows updated.

Oracle-SQL
Calculating Average Marks:

SQL> Update Student Set Avrg=Total/3;
Output:
2 rows updated.
Retrieving All Records:

SQL> Select * from Student;
STDID SNAME M1 M2 M3 TOTAL AVRG
1001 Ravi 40 80 60 180 60

1002 Sravan 66 44 77 187 62.33
Example-3:
Create a Table with following structure & insert the records. Cslculate
TA, DA, HRA and Gross Salary for all employees.
Employee
Empno Ename Job BasicSal TA DA HRA GROSS
TA: 10% on Basic Salary

DA: 20% on Basic Salary
HRA: 15% Basic Salary
GROSS: BasicSal+TA+DA+HRA
Creating “Employee” Table:

SQL> Create Table Employee(
Empno Number(4),
Ename Varchar2(20),
Job Varchar2(10),
BasicSal Number(7,2),
TA Number(7,2),
DA Number(7,2),
HRA NUmber(7,2),
GROSS Number(7,2));
Output:
Table created.

Oracle-SQL
Inserting Records:
SQL> Insert into Employee(Empno,Ename,Job,BasicSal)
values(1001,'Sai','CLERK',4000);
Output:
1 row created.
SQL> Insert into Employee(Empno,Ename,Job,BasicSal)

values(1002,'Krishna','MANAGER',8000);
Output:
1 row created.
Calculating TA, DA, HRA:

SQL> Update Employee
Set TA=BasicSal*0.1, DA=BasicSal*0.2, HRA=BasicSal*0.15;
Output:
2 rows updated.
Calculating Gross Salary:

SQL> Update Employee Set Gross=BasicSal+TA+DA+HRA;
Output:
2 rows updated.
Retrieving all Records:

SQL> Select * from Employee;
Output:
EMPNO ENAME JOB BASICSAL TA DA HRA GROSS
1001 Sai CLERK 4000 400 800 600 5800

1002 Krishna MANAGER 8000 800 1600 1200 11600

Update Command

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Oracle-SQL

Examples on “Update” Command:

TechBuzz IT Solutions Shashi Vardhan

Creating Table & Inserting Records:

Increasing 10% salary to an employee whose empno is 7900 [Updating

Increasing 10% sal to all managers [Updating Multiple Records]:

Increasing 15% salary to all employees [Updating all records]:

Updating records using parameters:

TechBuzz IT Solutions Shashi Vardhan

Increasing 10% salary to all managers and clerks:

Increasing 10% salary to the employees whose salary is between 1000

Increasing 10% salary to all employees except managers:

Increasing 10% sal to the employees whose comm is null:

Increasing 10% sal to the employees whose comm is not null:

Updating comm as null to the employees whose comm is not null:

TechBuzz IT Solutions Shashi Vardhan

Updating comm as 500 to all employees:

Updating comm as 1000 for all employees of deptno 20:

Increasing 10% sal to the employees whose name's second character

Increasing 10% sal to the employees who joined in 1981:

Increasing 10% salary to the employees of deptno 20 who joined in

Increasing 10% sal to the employees who joined in 82 and 83:

Increasing 10% sal to the employees whose name has 4 characters:

TechBuzz IT Solutions Shashi Vardhan

Creating “Student” Table:

Inserting Records into “Student” Table:

SQL> Insert into Student(StdId,Sname,M1,M2,M3)

TechBuzz IT Solutions Shashi Vardhan

Calculating Average Marks:

Retrieving All Records:

STDID SNAME M1 M2 M3 TOTAL AVRG

1001 Ravi 40 80 60 180 60

TA: 10% on Basic Salary

Creating “Employee” Table:

TechBuzz IT Solutions Shashi Vardhan

SQL> Insert into Employee(Empno,Ename,Job,BasicSal)

Calculating TA, DA, HRA:

Calculating Gross Salary:

Retrieving all Records:

1001 Sai CLERK 4000 400 800 600 5800

TechBuzz IT Solutions Shashi Vardhan

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