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Htmlcss

The document discusses HTML and CSS concepts like tags, attributes, selectors, properties and layout models. It covers topics such as the purpose of various HTML elements and attributes, the difference between HTML and XHTML, CSS selectors, properties for layout, positioning and animation.

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hs8072011
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

Htmlcss

The document discusses HTML and CSS concepts like tags, attributes, selectors, properties and layout models. It covers topics such as the purpose of various HTML elements and attributes, the difference between HTML and XHTML, CSS selectors, properties for layout, positioning and animation.

Uploaded by

hs8072011
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. What is HTML?

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the standard markup language used to
create and design web pages.

2. What is the purpose of HTML tags?


HTML tags are used to structure content and define the layout of web pages. They indicate how
web browsers should display the content.

3. What is the difference between HTML and XHTML?


XHTML is a stricter and cleaner version of HTML that conforms to XML syntax rules. It requires
all tags to be properly nested and closed.

4. What are semantic elements in HTML?


Semantic elements are HTML elements that convey meaning to both the browser and the
developer. Examples include <header>, <footer>, <nav>, <article>, <section>, etc.

5. Explain the purpose of the doctype declaration.


The doctype declaration specifies the version of HTML used in the document and ensures that
the browser renders the page in standards mode.

6. What is the difference between id and class attributes in HTML?


The id attribute is used to uniquely identify an element, while the class attribute is used to group
elements with similar characteristics.

7. What are HTML entities? Give an example.


HTML entities are special characters that cannot be easily typed using a keyboard. For
example, &lt; represents the less-than sign <.

8. What is the purpose of the <meta> tag in HTML?


The <meta> tag is used to provide metadata about the HTML document, such as character set,
viewport settings, author, description, etc.

9. Explain the difference between the <div> and <span> elements.


<div> is a block-level element used for grouping and styling larger sections of content, while
<span> is an inline element used for styling smaller portions of text or elements.

10. What is the purpose of the alt attribute in <img> tags?


The alt attribute provides alternative text for an image if the image cannot be displayed. It is also
used by screen readers for accessibility purposes.

11. What are the basic components of an HTML document?


An HTML document consists of elements like <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body>. These
elements define the structure and content of a web page.
12. What is the purpose of the <!DOCTYPE> declaration?
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration specifies the document type and version of HTML used in the
document. It helps the browser to render the page correctly.

13. What is the difference between HTML and XHTML?


XHTML is a stricter and cleaner version of HTML that conforms to XML syntax rules. It requires
all tags to be properly nested and closed.

14. What is the purpose of the <meta> tag in HTML?


The <meta> tag is used to provide meta-information about the HTML document, such as
character set
, viewport settings, author, description, etc.

15. What is the difference between an inline element and a block-level element in HTML?
Inline elements do not start on a new line and only take up as much width as necessary.
Examples include <span>, <a>, and <img>. Block-level elements start on a new line and take
up the full width available. Examples include <div>, <p>, and <h1>.

16. What are semantic HTML elements?


Semantic HTML elements are those that convey meaning to both the browser and the
developer. Examples include <header>, <nav>, <main>, <section>, <article>, <footer>, etc.

17 .What is the purpose of the alt attribute in the <img> tag?


The alt attribute provides alternative text for an image if the image cannot be displayed. It is also
used by screen readers for accessibility purposes.

18. What is the purpose of the <iframe> tag?


The <iframe> tag is used to embed another HTML document within the current document. It is
often used to display content from other websites or web applications.

19. What are the different types of form inputs in HTML?


Some common form inputs in HTML include text fields (`
<input type="text">), password fields (

<input type="password">), checkboxes (

<input type="checkbox">), radio buttons (

<input type="radio">), select dropdowns (

<select>), text areas (

<textarea>`), etc.
20. **What is the purpose of the `<form>` tag?**
- The `<form>` tag is used to create an HTML form for collecting user input. It contains
various form elements like input fields, buttons, checkboxes, etc.

21. **What is the purpose of the `target` attribute in the `<a>` tag?**
- The `target` attribute specifies where to open the linked document when the user clicks on
the hyperlink. It can take values like `_blank` (opens in a new window), `_self` (opens in the
same frame), `_parent` (opens in the parent frame), or `_top` (opens in the full body of the
window).

22. **What is the purpose of the `rel` attribute in the `<a>` tag?**
- The `rel` attribute specifies the relationship between the current document and the linked
document. It is commonly used to specify the relationship type in hyperlinks, such as
`stylesheet`, `nofollow`, `noopener`, etc.

23. **What is the purpose of the `<table>` tag?**


- The `<table>` tag is used to create a table in HTML. It contains one or more `<tr>` (table
row) elements, which in turn contain one or more `<td>` (table data/cell) or `<th>` (table header)
elements.

24. **What is the purpose of the `<div>` and `<span>` tags?**


- The `<div>` tag is a block-level element used for grouping and styling larger sections of
content, while the `<span>` tag is an inline element used for styling smaller portions of text or
elements.

CSS Questions:

1. What is CSS?
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. It is a style sheet language used for describing the
presentation of a document written in HTML.

2. What is the difference between inline, internal, and external CSS?


Inline CSS is applied directly to an HTML element using the style attribute. Internal CSS is
defined within the <style> element in the <head> section of an HTML document. External CSS
is defined in a separate CSS file and linked to the HTML document using the <link> element.

3. What is the box model in CSS?


The box model is a CSS layout concept that describes the design and layout of elements on a
web page. It consists of the content area, padding, border, and margin of an element.

4. Explain the difference between padding and margin in CSS.


Padding is the space between the content of an element and its border, while margin is the
space outside the border of an element.

5. What are CSS selectors?


CSS selectors are patterns used to select and style HTML elements. They specify which
elements in the document the CSS rule should apply to.

6. What is the difference between class and id selectors in CSS?


Class selectors are used to select elements with a specific class attribute, while id selectors are
used to select elements with a specific id attribute. Ids must be unique within a document, while
classes can be applied to multiple elements.

7. What are pseudo-classes in CSS?


Pseudo-classes are keywords added to selectors that specify a special state of the selected
elements. Examples include :hover, :active, :focus, etc.

8. What is the purpose of the float property in CSS?


The float property is used to specify whether an element should float to the left, right, or none.
Floating elements are taken out of the normal document flow and positioned to the left or right of
their container.

9. Explain the purpose of the display property in CSS.


The display property specifies the type of box an element should generate, such as block, inline,
inline-block, none, etc. It controls how elements are laid out and how they interact with other
elements on the page.

10. What is the purpose of the z-index property in CSS?


The z-index property specifies the stack order of an element. It determines which elements are
stacked on top of others when they overlap.

11. What is the difference between position: relative, position: absolute, and position:
fixed in CSS?
position: relative positions an element relative to its normal position in the document flow.
position: absolute positions an element relative to its nearest positioned ancestor or the initial
containing block.
position: fixed positions an element relative to the browser window, so it remains fixed in place
even when scrolling.

12. What is the purpose of the @media rule in CSS?


The @media rule is used to apply different styles for different media types and/or screen sizes.
It allows for responsive design by targeting specific device characteristics, such as screen width,
height, orientation, etc.

13. Explain the purpose of the box-sizing property in CSS.


The box-sizing property specifies how the total width and height of an element should be
calculated, including padding and border. The default value is content-box, which only includes
the content width and height. Setting it to border-box includes padding and border in the
calculation.

14. What is the purpose of the flexbox layout model in CSS?


Flexbox is a layout model in CSS that allows for the creation of flexible and responsive layouts.
It provides a more efficient way to distribute space among items in a container, even when their
size is unknown or dynamic.

15. What is the purpose of the grid layout model in CSS?


Grid is a layout model in CSS that allows for the creation of complex grid-based layouts. It
provides a powerful way to align and position elements in rows and columns, making it easier to
create responsive and flexible designs.

16. What is the purpose of the transition property in CSS?


The transition property is used to specify the transition effects applied to elements when their
properties change. It allows for smooth and gradual changes in element styles, such as color,
size, position, etc.

17. What is the purpose of the transform property in CSS?


The transform property is used to apply transformations to elements, such as scaling, rotating,
skewing, or translating (moving) them. It allows for the manipulation of an element's appearance
without affecting its layout.

18. What is the purpose of the overflow property in CSS?


The overflow property specifies how content that overflows the bounds of its container should
be handled. It can be set to visible (default), hidden, scroll, or auto.

19. Explain the purpose of the clearfix technique in CSS.


The clearfix technique is used to contain floated elements within a container and prevent them
from affecting the layout of subsequent elements. It typically involves adding an empty element
with the clear: both property after the floated elements.

20. What is the purpose of the background property in CSS?


The background property is used to set various background properties of an element, such as
color, image, position, repeat, etc.

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