Full Mark: 160+53=213

2015-2016 Form 4C/4S Grammar Examination Answer Key (Third Term)

MAIN SECTION (160%)
Part A: PARTS OF SPEECH: 5%
1. pronoun (0.5%) 5. noun (gerund) (0.5%)
2. conjunction (0.5%) 6. adjective (participle) (0.5%)
(When ‘that’ connects a noun (0.5%) 7. determiner (0.5%)
clause and a main clause, it (is a 0.5%) 8. interjection (0.5%)
conjunction.) (0.5%) 9. adverb (0.5%)
3. preposition (0.5%) 10. preposition (0.5%)
4. adverb (0.5%) (‘Including is always a
preposition when used
to introduce things.)

Part B: SENTENCE PATTERNS: 5%

1. C (S-V-SC) (0.5%) 6. A (S-V) (0.5%)
2. A (S-V) (0.5%) 7. B (S-V-O) (0.5%)
3. C (S-V-SC) (0.5%) 8. E (S-V-O-OC) (0.5%)
4. D (S-V-IO-DO) (0.5%) 9. C (S-V-SC) (0.5%)
5. A (S-V) (0.5%) 10. B (S-V-O) (0.5%)

Part C: QUESTION TAGS: 5%

1. will you (0.5%) 6. don’t you (0.5%)
2. won’t they (0.5%) 7. wouldn’t he (0.5%)
3. mightn’t they (0.5%) 8. hadn’t you (0.5%)
4. didn’t he/she (0.5%) 9. she does, does she (0.5%)
5. he won’t, will he (0.5%) 10. am I not/aren’t I (0.5%)

Part D: PREPOSITIONS OR ADVERBS: 7%

1. along (0.25%) 10. off (0.25%) 19. about (0.25%)
2. at/on/during (0.25%) 11. out (0.25%) 20. to (0.25%)
3. on (0.25%) 12. up (0.25%) 21. up to (0.25%)
4. on (0.25%) 13. after (0.25%) 22. away with (0.25%)
5. among/within (0.25%) 14. upon (0.25%) 23. after (0.25%)
6. into (0.25%) 15. up (0.25%) 24. without (0.25%)
7. in (0.25%) 16. into (0.25%) 25. along with (0.25%)
8. up (0.25%) 17. up with (0.25%) 26. around (0.25%)
9. off (0.25%) 18. in for (0.25%) 27. for (0.25%)
.25%) i (0.25%) 28. up to/down on (0.25%)
Form 4C/4S Grammar Examination Answer Key (Third Term) 2015-2016

Part E: ARTICLES: 12%

1. X (0.5%) 7. A (0.5%) 13. X (0.5%) 19. the (0.5%)
2. the (0.5%) 8. X (0.5%) 14. the (0.5%) 20. the (0.5%)
3. a (0.5%) 9. a (0.5%) 15. the (0.5%) 21. X (0.5%)
4. the (0.5%) 10. the (0.5%) 16. the (0.5%) 22. X (0.5%)
5. the (0.5%) 11. the (0.5%) 17. the (0.5%) 23. a (0.5%)
6. a (0.5%) 12. X (0.5%) 18. X (0.5%) 24. the (0.5%)

Part F: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS: 8%

1. A (1%)
B is not correct because it is unknown what ‘it’ is.
C is not correct because we don’t use ‘at’ after the verb ‘reach’.
D is not correct because it is unknown what ‘it’ is.
2. D (1%)
(i) is not correct because the order of the adverb and the object is reversed.
(ii) is not correct because there is no such word called ‘carefulnessly’.
(iii) is not correct because the prepositional phrase should agree with the subject.
(iv) is not correct because the full-stop is redundant.
3. B (1%)
A is not correct because we should use ‘less’ with volunteers.
C is not correct because we cannot use infinitive form to compare two things.
D is not correct because we should not use ‘fewer’ with money.
4. C (1%)
A is not correct because ‘being’ is not needed.
B is not correct because the order of ‘not’ and ‘to’ is wrong.
D is not correct because ‘not involving’ is not a suitable phrase to be used here.
This phrase is useless in meaning when added to the sentence.
5. C (1%)
A is not correct because it is unknown what ‘they’ is.
B is not correct because it is not a planned action or an action that must happen in
the future; going-to form should not be used.
D is not correct because a noun clause cannot stand on its own in a main clause
after the word ‘and’.
6. D (1%)
A is not correct because ‘when he gives lectures’ is not a noun phrase here.
B is not correct because ability should always be followed by to-infinitive.
C is not correct because ‘the’ is ambiguous; ‘his’ should be used.

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 Form 4C/4S Grammar Examination Answer Key (Third Term) 2015-2016

7. D (1%)
A is not correct because ‘etc.’ means ‘and other similar things’ which contains the
meaning of ‘and’; therefore, ‘and’ is redundant.
B is not correct because semicolon should not be used to separate one word in a list
and it is redundant to use ‘such as’ and ‘etc.’ at the same time ‘Such as’ already
means that your list contains examples, not the full story.
C is not correct because semicolon should not be used to separate one word in a
list.
8. B (1%)
A, C and D are all incorrect because ‘by the second thought’ or ‘by second thought’
are fixed usages.

Part G: ERRORS SPOTTING AND CORRECTIONS: 10%

Letters with Correct answers: Explanations:
errors:
1. A (0.5%) couldn’t hardly  Double negative cannot exist in one
could hardly/couldn’t sentence. Therefore, change one of them into
(0.5%) positive.
2. A (0.5%) seeked  sought The past participle of ‘seek’ is sought. There
(0.5%) is no such word called ‘seeked’.
3. B (0.5%) papers  paper Paper is uncountable in writing but
(0.5%) countable in dialogues. Only newspaper is
countable in both criteria.
4. C (0.5%) as more superior  as ‘Superior’ already has meaning of ‘over
superior something’. Therefore, more is redundant.
(0.5%)
5. A (0.5%) carried  carrying The action ‘carry’ is not the main verb of the
(0.5%) sentence. One sentence only contains one
main verb. Therefore, change ‘carried’ to
‘carrying’ (present participle). The action is
active. If passive, use past participle.
6. A (0.5%) you and me  you If the verb ‘report’ is ‘reporting’, the
and I sentence is correct. However, the verb is a
(0.5%) finite verb (there is a clause
‘you…directly’). Therefore, we should use
‘I’ since it is the subject of the clause.
7. B (0.5%) supporting  to Intend is followed by a to-infinitive, not a
support (0.5%) gerund.
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 Form 4C/4S Grammar Examination Answer Key (Third Term) 2015-2016

8. D (0.5%) bulletins  bulletin There is an ‘a’ in front. A singular noun

(0.5%) should be followed.
9. A (0.5%) conveyed  The action is active, so we should use
conveying present participle instead of past participle.
(0.5%)
10. D (0.5%) equally excite  An adverb should be used to describe an
equally exciting adjective instead of a noun.
(0.5%)

Part H: VERBS: 44% (shall  +1%; will  +0%)

1. will not see (1%) 23. would have realized (1%)
2. shall (will) be having (1%) 24. was (1%)
nd
3. has taught (the 2 sentence (1%) 25. demanded (1%)
tells that he has retired) (1%) 26. to have (1%)
4. has retired (one single action) (1%) 27. to study (1%)
5. rang (not rung) (1%) 28. shall (will) be discussing (1%)
6. had already been booked (1%) 29. holding (1%)
7. denied (1%) 30. falling (1%)
8. having dropped (1%) 31. were skating (1%)
9. was sleeping (1%) 32. to go (1%)
10. had set (1%) 33. skating (1%)
11. like (1%) 34. had been working (1%)
12. to sing/singing (1%) 35. deserved (1%)
13. to attend (1%) 36. having (1%)
14. is/would be (1%) 37. keeping (1%)
15. watching (1%) 38. was walking (1%)
16. complaining (1%) 39. leaves (schedule  present) (1%)
17. admitted (1%) 40. makes (1%)
18. having cheated (1%) 41. was lying (1%)
19. to give (1%) 42. reading (1%)
20. writing (1%) 43. had bought/bought (1%)
21. show (1%) 44. had been reading (1%)
22. Had the committee members considered (1%)
(INVERSION!)
(3rd conditional: Had + subject + past participle)

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Form 4C/4S Grammar Examination Answer Key (Third Term) 2015-2016

Part I: EMPHATIC STRUCTURES: 9% (0.25%/mistake; underlined=0.5%)

1. Among the flowers flies the butterfly, swinging its beautiful wings gracefully.i (1%)
2. So talented was the decorator that he could turn our home into a cosy palace.i (1%)
3. Not only should we be honest, but we should also be sincere at all times to win the
trust of others. (If it is not begun by ‘not’, no marks will be given.) (1%)
4. Just as Peter’s sister played the piano with joy, so did he write the sonnet with
passion. (1.5%)
5. It is because of Michael Jackson’s inspiration that he wrote songs. (1%)
6. It is by revising my test every day after school that I got such a good result. (1.5%)
7. What we have been doing is looking at the painting for about ten minutes before we
realise who the artist is. (1%)
8. What I am doing is searching for my necklace which my mother gave me last
Christmas. (1%)
9. That it was on the stage that/which fans were jumping was surprising. (+2%)

Part J: VOICE & CAUSATIVE: 10% (0.25%/mistake; underlined=0.5%)

1. Food and medicine have been given to the people of Haiti by many countries.(1%)
2. I will have my assistant send you all the details. (1%)
3. She got her tonsils taken out when she was six. (No get=0) (1%)
4. This man mustn’t be moved; he is too ill. He’ll have to be left here. (1%)
5. Someone had a technician fix the air-conditioner which has been out of order.
OR She had the air-conditioner which has been out of order fixed. (1%)
6. Anthony got someone to chauffeur his child to the school. (No get=0) (1.5%)
7. I was informed that a meeting had been held in the school hall at one o’clock
yesterday. (One passive = 0.75%) (1.5%)
8. It was said that there were ghosts in the house, but nothing was heard.
(One passive=0.75%) (1.5%)
9. (1) How can I be told that my boss has been sent a warning message? (+1%)
(2) How can I be told that a warning message has been sent to my boss? (+1%)

Part K: RELATIVE CLAUSE: 12% (0.25%/mistake; underlined=0.5%)

1. Tomorrow, We will go to the Riverside Restaurant, where I once had lunch with
Oscar. (1%)
2. His car of which the handbrake wasn’t very reliable began to slide backwards. OR
His car, the handbrake of which wasn’t very reliable, began to slide backwards.
(1%)
3. The first alarm clock, which was invented by Leonardo da Vinci, woke the sleeper
by gently rubbing his feet. (1%)

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(1%)
Form 4C/4S Grammar Examination Answer Key (Third Term) 2015-2016

4. I showed the arrowhead to Rachel, the mother of whom is an archaeologist. OR

I showed the arrowhead to Rachel of whom the mother is an archaeologist (1%)
5. Children who have not received flu shots must visit the school doctor. (1%)
6. I saw several houses, most of which were quite unsuitable. AND
I saw several houses of which most were quite unsuitable. (2%)
7. A huge amount of oil is spilled, the effects of which are still being felt. (1.5%)
8. He was given the Victoria Cross, (which was) the highest award (and) which any
person would feel honoured to receive. (1.5%)
9. His outward features which are often hidden behind a grand piano reflect the
delightful character within. (Either 1 or 2 relative clauses will do.) (1.5%)
10. Much of the resistance to this plan comes from purists who are opposed to changing
the plan and who love their bridge and don’t want it changed. (+3%)
11. Security cameras, bike patrols and hot-line phones which have been placed along the
sidewalks prevent some but not all attempts of suicides, thirty of which occur each
year on average. (Different answers)
(+4%)
Part L: PARTICIPLES: 13% (0.25%/mistake; wrong participle=0)
1. I smelt something burning.
2. Hoping to frighten away the mob, the police fired tear gas. (0.5%)
3. We intend to go despite having been advised against it. (1%)
4. The professor gave his lecture to an interested assembly. (1.5%)
5. Having spent so long time doing my homework, I had no time to read my (1%)
book.
6. Having been weakened by successive storms, the bridge was no longer safe. (1%)
7. Discovering that there was a big hole in the torn dress, she decided that it (1.5%)
could not be mended again. (Wrong agreement of subject = 0)
8. Realizing that he did not have enough money and not wanting to borrow from(1.5%)
his father, he decided to pawn his watch.
9. Many people stood on the beach, watching the life guard rescuing the
drowning girl. (1.5%)
10. Seeing the police officer and being afraid that the officer would find out that
he was hawking illegal CDs, the robber ran away. (1.5%)
11. Kicked with all his strength, the ball went straight into the goal, which caused
the audience to applaud. (The ball was kicked by him.) (Wrong subject=0) (1.5%)
12. The excitement generated by these discoveries persuaded Queen Elizabeth I to
provide three ships and a crew of 120 for a second voyage in 1577. (2%)
13. The roaches scurried in and out of the breadbox, singing chanteys as they
worked and pausing only to thumb their noses jeeringly in my direction. (+4%)

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(+5%)
Form 4C/4S Grammar Examination Answer Key (Third Term) 2015-2016

PART M: CLAUSES ANALYSIS: 8%

Subordinate Types of subordinate Function of N / Mark Scheme:
clauses: (a) clauses: (b) Type of A (c)
As…caught A Reason/Time
as those A Reason/Time
who…not R -- (a)

the…loot N AN Wrong beginning/end:

Had…this A Condition -0.05%

where…extradition R -- Wrong range:

but…money A Contrast -0.1%

as…were A Comparison (b)

As…increased A Time/Reason Wrong type of

subordinate clauses:
that…robbers N AI
-0.1%
they…victims N AN
(c)
whether…children N OP
Wrong
that…today R --
Function/Type:
that…safe N OV
-0.1%
but…gunpoint A Contrast
All wrong: -0.3%
that…sleeve N OV
Two wrong: -0.2%
he…society N AC
he…bank R --
Missing clauses:
as…postman A Manner
-0.3%
just…gun A Concession
which…use R --
Total: 22 clauses
when…arose A Time

Part N: PUNCTUATION SYMBOLS: 10%

1. This letter is for you –/. s/Sorry, I opened it by mistake. (1%)
2. The men in question (Harold Keene, Jim Peterson and Gerald Greene) deserve
awards. (1%)
3. She’s studying to become a doctor, which is difficult. (1%)
4. “It is raining,” the headmaster signed. “The picnic will be postponed.” (1%)
5. “If I were you,” Jacky suggested, “I would probably tell him the truth.” (1%)
6. Stratford-on-Avon, about which many people have written, is Shakespeare’s
birthplace. (1%)
7. He used the phrase ‘you know’ so often that I finally said, “No, I don’t know.” (1%)
8. Arriving on the 8:10 plane were Liz Brooks, my old roommate; her husband; and
Tim, their son. (1%)
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Form 4C/4S Grammar Examination Answer Key (Third Term) 2015-2016

9. You need new brakes; otherwise, you may not be able to stop in time. (1%)
10. There was a very interesting article entitled ‘The New Rage for Folk Singing’ in
last Sunday’s ‘New York Times’ newspaper. (1%)
11. “Whoever is elected secretary of the club – Ashley, or Chandra, or Aisha – must
be prepared to do a great deal of work,” said Jumita, the previous secretary. (+3%)

BONUS (30%) (+3% for those who have tried to do this part)
(a) Phrase. (1%)
(b) (i) It is a participle phrase. It starts with a participle and functions as
an adjective phrase. (2%)
(ii)ii They are present participle, past participle and perfect participle. (1%)
(iii)iiPresent participle can function as a reason, a result, a background,
an action that happens before or at the same time as the action of the main
clause and a condition. (1.5%)
Adding ‘ing’ into the end of any verbs. (1%)
Past participle can function as a passive action. (0.5%)
Changing any verbs into a past participle form. (0.5%)
Perfect participle can function as an action that happens before the
action of the main verb where there is an obvious time difference and
the action should be the reason of the action of the main verb. (1.5%)
Changing any verbs into the form ‘having + past participle’. (1%) (6%)
1. No. (1%)
2. ‘having done’: an obvious time difference; otherwise, ‘doing’. (1%)
(c) (i) Yes. (1%) (ii) No. (1%) (2%)
(iii)iiiNo. The use of this kind of clauses instead of clauses beginning with a
conjunction or a non-defining relative clause makes what we write or say
more formal. (3%)
(d) Having wanted to drive a train all his life, he should remember to catch this
opportunity. (2%)
(e) (i) No. (1%)
(ii) ‘Remember to catch’ means the action ‘catch’ has not yet been done or
is going to be done later; ‘remember catching’ means the action ‘catch’
has been done already. (3%)
(iii) ‘forget to catch’ and ‘forget catching’ / ‘stop to catch’ and ‘stop catching’. (2%)
(f) (i) Comma – to separate a sentence into two parts
Full-stop – to end a sentence (2%)
(ii) Yes, but it depends. One main clause + one subordinate clause: a comma
Two main clauses: a semicolon (3%)

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