Project Report

On
" Food Ordering Website "

Submitted to Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar

In partial fulfillment of the requirements

For the degree of
B.Tech Computer Science & Engineering
(Session 2020-2024)

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Gurpreet Kaur Nitish Kumar Yadav

2026604

B.Tech CSE

PCTE INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY,

LUDHIANA
1
Declaration

I swore that the work being presented by me in the dissertation titled " Food
Ordering Website” in partial requirements for the fulfillment of degree of B.
Tech Computer Science and Engineering to be submitted in PCTE
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, LUDHIANA
affiliated to PTU, Jalandhar is authentic record of my own work carried out
by me under the supervision of “Ms. Gurpreet Kaur”.

2
 Acknowledgement

On the very outset I would like to thank the almighty GOD for showering his
blessing & providing me with the courage, motivation & strength to complete
myproject.

Every Project work demands a lot of hard work, time, patience, and
concentration. While working on this seminar, apart from these aspects, I have
developed necessary skills and attitude, which are always required in a
professional field. I am thankful to all those who helped me in completing this
project.

I express my deep sense of gratitude & ineptness towards my respected Project In-
charge "Ms. Gurpreet Kaur", and faculty members of PCTE Institute of
Engineering and Technology from whom I have learnt the technical skills for
completion of this Project. Without their guidance, I would have found it difficult
to undertake the project work. I would like to thank them for their ever available,
unconditional help & guidance that they made available throughout the project
work.

I would also like to acknowledge the encouraging attitude of my friends &

other staff members of P.C.T.E family that helped me to complete the
projectwork.

3
 Certificate from Organization

This is to certify that format and quality of presentation of project report

submitted by

As one of the requirements for the degree of

B.Tech Computer Science and Engineering

is acceptable to

Department of Computer Science and Engineering,

PCTE, Ludhiana

Head of Dept.

Gurpreet Kaur

PCTE Institute of Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana

4
 Certificate from Internal Guide

This is to certify that the project title “Food Ordering Website” submitted for the
degree of B.Tech Computer Science and Engineering in the project of PCTE
Institute of Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana affiliated to PTU, Jalandhar is
benefited research which is carried out by Nitish Kumar Yadav under my
supervision and no part of this project has been for any other degree. They have
worked very hard and sincerely during this project.

Project Supervisor

Gurpreet Kaur

(Faculty, PCTE)

Ludhiana

5
Certificate from Company

6
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Declaration ii
Acknowledgement iii
Certificate from Organization iv
Certificate from internal guide V
Abstract V
CHAPTER NO. CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO.
1 Introduction 8-10

2 Methodology 11-12

3 Need, Scope and Objectives of the Study 13-15

4 Feasibility Study 16

5 Requirements Specifications 17-18

6 Data Analysis and Interpretation 19-20

7 Findings of the Study 21

8 Research & Development 22

9 Security Issues 23

10 ERD 24

11 DFD 25
12 Front-end 26-28
13 Back-end 29-33
14 Advantages 33-35
15 Disadvantages 36
16 Future Scope 37
17 Conclusion 38
18 References and Bibliography 39
40

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INTRODUCTION:

"Food Ordering " is your ultimate destination for all things dog-related. Our
website, built using Node.js, Express, Nodemon and MongoDB, is designed to cater
to all your canine companions' needs. Whether you're a dog owner looking for the
best products or a dog lover in search of valuable information and resources, our
website has you covered. Food Ordering project can include features like a shopping
cart, add product and login. The application is built using Node.js, Express.js, and
CSS. The primary goal of this project is to provide a user-friendly interface for
customers to browse, select, and purchase dogs online.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of a dog shop project would be to create a fully functional e-

commerce website for the dog shop that allows customers to browse and purchase
dogs online. Some specific objectives of the project could include:
• Designing and implementing a user-friendly interface that allows customers
to easily navigate the website and find the products they are interested in.
• Developing a shopping cart feature that allows customers to add items to
their cart and checkout securely.
• Implementing user authentication and authorization to ensure that only
authorized users can access certain parts of the website, such as their
personal account information or order history.
• Building an administrative dashboard that allows the shop owner to
manage the products, orders, and customer information.

The overall objective of the dog shop project would be to create a professional
and functional e-commerce website that meets the needsof the dog shop and
its customers. This would involve implementing all of the necessary features
and functionality while ensuring that thewebsite is secure, reliable, and easy to
use.

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METHODOLOGY:

The methodology for Dog Shop website making generally involves the following
steps:

Planning: In this phase, the project goals and requirements are defined, and a
project plan is created. This involves identifying the features and functionality
required for the dog shop e-commerce website, setting project milestones and
deadlines, and determining the project scope.

Design: In this phase, the design of the website is created. This involves creating
wireframes, UI/UX designs, and mockups of the website. The design should be
user-friendly and meet the needs of the target audience.

Development: In this phase, the actual coding of the website is done. This involves
setting up the environment and implementing the features and functionality
identified in the planning phase. During development, it's important to test the
website regularly to ensure that it's functional and meets the project requirements.

Deployment: In this phase, the website is deployed to a production server or cloud

platform. The website should be monitored to ensure that it's working correctly
and to identify any issues that need to be addressed.

Maintenance Phase: In this phase, the website is maintained and updated as

needed. This includes fixing bugs, adding new features, and ensuring that the
website is up-to-date with security patches.

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HARDWARE/ SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS:

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: Hardware requirements for a project can vary

depending on the complexity of the application and the scale of the project.
However, here are some general hardware requirements that can be considered:

• Computer: A computer with at least 8 GB of RAM and a modern multi-

core processor would be ideal for a MERN project. A solid-state drive
(SSD) with at least 256 GB of storage is recommended for faster read and
write speeds.
• Display: Multiple monitors can also be useful for increasing productivity.
• Internet Connection: A high-speed internet connection is essential for
downloading and installing software packages and for uploading the project
to a server.
• Peripheral Devices: A keyboard and mouse are essential for coding and
development work. Additional peripheral devices such as a printer,
scanner, and backup drive can also be useful for project management.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS: Software requirements are:

• Node.js and npm (Node Package Manager): Used to run andmanage

Node.js applications
• MongoDB: Used to store and manage data for the application
• Text Editor: Any text editor like Visual Studio Code, Atom, orSublime
Text can be used to write the code for the application
• Operating System: MERN stack applications can be developedon
Windows, mac OS, or Linux.

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INTRODUCTION

It is true that technology has become an essential tool for online marketing
nowadays. However, there are still numerous small shops and grocery stores
with mostly offline business. Online shopping helps customers to choose a
wide range of products, prices and they can compare them to each other
easily. Encountering the inadequacies and the weaknesses of the offline
business model, making a website application for searching and buying
things for each shop is very necessary right now.

E-commerce is also known as electronic commerce, it is the process of

buying and selling products through the internet, and also the transfer of
money and the data to complete the process of buying or selling a product.
In the early days, e-commerce was not that famous but after increasing the
use of mobile phones everyone was choosing the interest in buying things
online so, it became popular. Types of E-commerce: There are mainly four
types of E-commerce business models
1. B2C (Business to consumer): It is a business based upon the internet,
By using this model we can sell products to the end-user
2. B2B(Business to business): It is a business that will happen
between large companies, organizations, and businesses, these days most
of e- commerce falls in this category.
3. C2B (Consumer to Business): This type of E-commerce allows that the
individuals can sell their goods to Companies In this type of E-
commerce, individuals will assign work to complete in the given time
through websites or some electronic medium, in this type, consumers
can set their price tag to their work The best example of this type of
work is freelancing.
4. C2C(Consumer To Consumer): This type of E-commerce connects
consumers to consumers to exchange their goods and make their
money by charging transactions it will motivate buyers and consumers

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Recently, there have been many e-commerce sites exported such as Amazon, e-bay
or the stores that can sell products via social media channels like Facebook.
However, customers still find it difficult to choose the products they want
because of the large variety of products on these sites and not focus on specific
things. Moreover, the sellers have to spend a high amount of money on
marketing or paying for fees.

From there disadvantages, implement an online e-commerce web application for

small grocery stores helps retailers can manage products on their own systems
and not depend on the 3rd party website. For the customers, they can quickly
search the products if it is available and come to store to pick it up and they can
contact directly to the shop owner to learn more about the products that they are
looking for.

In order to make a website that can acquire the needs of both customers and
retailers, MERN (MongoDB, Express.js framework, Node JS platform) is one of
the powerful stacks that can help us to develop an e- commerce web application.

A MERN stack project is a full-stack web application that uses the MongoDB
database, Express.js web application framework, React.js frontend library, and
Node.js runtime environment. This technology stack allows for efficient
development of scalable and high-performance webapplications.

For a dog shop project, the MERN stack can be used to build an e- commerce
website where customers can browse and purchase dogs online. The MongoDB
database can store information about the products, customers, and orders.
Express.js can handle server-side logic and API endpoints. React.js can be used for
building the user interface and managing the state of the application. Finally,
Node.js can be used for handling the backend logic and serving the client-side
code.

This dog shop project is a web-based application built using Node.js and Express.js,
aimed at allowing customers to find and purchase dogs online. The project
leverages the popular server-side JavaScript platform, Node.js, and the web
application framework, Express.js, to provide a seamless user experience. CSS is
used for styling.Node.js can be used for handling the backend logic and serving the
client-side code. The dog hub project can include features like a shopping cart, add
product and login. The application is built using Node.js, Express.js, and CSS.
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The primary goal of this project is to provide a user-friendly interface for customers
to browse, select, and purchase dogs online.

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14
NEED

An ecommerce project for a dog shop can be beneficial for several reasons:
Increased Reach: An ecommerce project can help the dog shop reach a wider
audience beyond their physical location. This can help the business to expand its
customer base and generate more sales.

Admin who will manage overall applications like adding and removing dogs from
the system, and another is the user. Admin can categorize the Dogs,
Add/Remove/Update any Dog details, edit prices, View/Confirm/Cancel orders
placed, and so on. Admin can keep all the records of the users.

Admin will be responsible for maintaining the system and also, keeping a check on
the availability of dogs, updating any details related to the Store, managing
payments, updating stocks, managing sales, etc.
On the other hand, Users can register themselves and can log in to the system to do
online shopping and make payments online.

With the help of this project, one would be able to manage a Dog Shop without facing
any issues of maintaining records manually. Everything from booking, ordering,
payments, and managing stocks and sales can be handled with the help of this
system.

An ecommerce project for a dog shop can be beneficial for several reasons:
Increased Reach: An ecommerce project can help the dog shop reach a wider
audience beyond their physical location. This can help the business to expand its
customer base and generate more sales.

Convenience: An ecommerce project allows customers to shop for dogs from the
comfort of their homes or offices. This convenience can be attractive to busy
parents or people who live far from the physical store.

24/7 Availability: An ecommerce project allows customers to shop for dogs at

any time, even outside of regular store hours. This can increase the likelihood
of a purchase and generate more revenue for the business.

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Increased Sales: An ecommerce project can help increase sales for the dog shop by
providing customers with a larger selection of dogs and making it easy for them
to make a purchase.

Cost-Effective: An ecommerce project can be cost-effective compared to running a

physical store, as it eliminates the need for a physical storefront and reduces
overhead costs.

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SCOPE
The scope of an online Food Ordering project can be vast and can include various
features and functionality. Here are some possible features and functionality that
can be included in the scope of an online Food Ordering project:
• User Registration and Login: Allow users to register and create an account on
the website to store their information and purchase history.
• Product Catalogue: Display a catalogue of dogs with product descriptions,
images, prices, and availability. Allow users to search for dogs by category,
brand, age range, and other filters.
• Shopping Cart: Allow users to add items to a shopping cart, view the cart
contents, and modify the cart before checkout.
• Checkout Process: Allow users to securely checkout and purchase the dogs
using a variety of payment methods, including credit card, PayPal, and other
options.
• Order Management: Allow the store owner to manage orders, including
tracking order status, updating shipping information, and communicating
with customers.
• Customer Support: Provide a customer support system to allow users to ask
questions, report issues, and provide feedback.
• Marketing and Promotions: Provide tools for the store owner to manage
marketing campaigns, create promotional offers, and manage discounts and
coupons.
• Analytics and Reporting: Provide analytics and reporting tools to allow the
store owner to track website traffic, user behaviour, and sales performance.
Overall, the scope of an online dog shop project can vary depending on the needs
and requirements of the business. The above features can provide a starting point for
a comprehensive and functional online dog shop project.

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OBJECTIVE

The objective of an online dog shop MERN application is to provide an e-

commerce platform for selling dogs online, with a user-friendly interface and a
range of features and functionality. Here are some specific objectives ofan online dog
shop MERN application:
1. To provide a platform for selling dogs online: The primary objective of an
online dog shop MERN application is to provide a platform for selling
dogs online, allowing customers to browse and purchase dogs from the
comfort of their own homes.
2. To create a user-friendly interface: The application should be designed to
provide a user-friendly interface, making it easy for customers to navigate
the site, search for dogs, and complete purchases.
3. To manage inventory and orders efficiently: The application should
provide tools for managing inventory and orders efficiently, ensuring that
the store owner can keep track of stock levels, process orders in a timely
manner, and maintain accurate records.
4. To provide customer support: The application should provide tools for
providing customer support, including a helpdesk or ticketing system, and
allowing customers to contact the store owner with any questions or issues.
5. To implement marketing and promotional campaigns: The application
should provide tools for implementing marketing and promotional
campaigns, such as discounts, coupons, and other incentives, to attract and
retain customers.
6. To provide a responsive design: The application should be designed to
provide a responsive design, allowing it to be accessed on a variety of
devices, including desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones.

Overall, the objective of an online dog shop MERN application is to create a

platform for selling dogs online, with a range of features and functionality designed
to provide a positive user experience and drive sales.

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METHODOLOGY

The methodology of an online dog shop MERN project refers to the process or
approach that is used for developing the application. Here are some steps that can be
included in the methodology of an online dog shop MERN project:

Requirements gathering: This step involves gathering and analysing the

requirements for the online dog shop application, including the features and
functionality that are needed, as well as any technical specifications or
constraints.

Design: Based on the requirements, the design of the application is created,

including the user interface, database schema, and system architecture. This
step may involve creating wireframes, mock ups, andother design artifacts.

Development: Once the design is approved, the development process begins,

including coding, testing, and debugging of the application. Theapplication is
built using the MERN stack, which includes MongoDB,Express.js, and
Node.js.

Testing: Throughout the development process, the application is testedto

ensure that it meets the functional and non-functional requirements.This
includes testing of individual components, as well as the system as a whole.

Deployment: Once the application has been fully tested and approved,it is
deployed to the production environment. This involves configuringthe server
environment, installing the application, and performing any necessary setup
tasks.

Maintenance: After the application has been deployed, ongoing maintenance

and support are required to ensure that it remains secure, stable, and up-to-
date. This may involve performing regular backups, applying software
updates, and monitoring the application for performance issues or security
threats.

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Overall, the methodology of an online dog shop MERN project involves a
structured process for designing, developing, and deploying the application, with a
focus on meeting the requirements of the project and ensuring that the application is
functional, reliable, and secure.

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Feasibility Study

After doing the project the dog hub, study and analyzing all the existing or
required functionalities of the system, the next task is to do the feasibility
study for the project. All projects are
feasible - given unlimited resources and infinite time.
Feasibility study includes consideration of all the possible ways to provide a
solution to the given problem.
A feasibility study for a contact management system would involve analyzing
the technical, economic, and operational aspects of the project to determine
its viability.

Technical Feasibility:
To determine the technical feasibility of the project, it is necessary to assess
whether the technology stack is appropriate for building a contact
management system. The technology stack should be able to support the
necessary features, functionalities, and integrations required by the contact
management system. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the
technology stack is scalable and secure. Feasibility study for a contact
management system would involve analyzing the technical, economic, and
operational aspects of the project to determine its viability. A contact
management system requires a reliable database, efficient search and filtering
capabilities, and a user-friendly interface for managing contacts. Therefore,
from a technical perspective, building a contact management system is
feasible.

Economic Feasibility:
The economic feasibility of the project refers to whether it is financially
viable. It is important to
consider the costs associated with developing the system, including the cost
of the development
team, hardware and software requirements, and ongoing maintenance and
support costs.
Additionally, it is necessary to assess the potential return on investment (ROI)
for the project. Feasibility study for a contact management system would
involve analyzing the technical, economic, and operational aspects of the
project to determine its viability. A contact management system can help
businesses streamline their operations and improve customer engagement,
21
 resulting in increased revenue and profitability. Therefore, from an economic
perspective, building a contact management system can be a profitable
venture.

Operational Feasibility:
The operational feasibility of the project refers to whether it is practical to
implement the system within the organization. It is necessary to consider the
impact of the system on existing business processes, as well as the training
and support required for employees to use the system effectively.
Feasibility study for a contact management system would involve analyzing
the technical, economic, and operational aspects of the project to determine
its viability.

Additionally, it is important to ensure that the system meets the needs of the
organization and its Customers . A dog shop can help businesses improve
communication and collaboration among employees and enhance the customer
experience.

Therefore, from an operational perspective, building a dog shop online is feasible.

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Requirements Specifications

User Requirements:-
A careful study of the requirement of the end user; i.e. the Dog shop
should meet the following requirements:
• No User without the correct login and password may be allowed to
enter the project
• User should be provided with an option to add the record just by
adding the fields value.
• User could be able to delete any record he/she wants.  User should
be able to search a record either by entering name or part of name
or by choosing groups.
• User should be able to update the record.

Functional Requirements:-
The Functional Requirements of the project are as follows:
• To provide the functionality to person to view details of contact.
• To provide login interface through which only authorized user can
pass by.
• The application also provides an option to view dogs which are
sold and belonging to a person.
Non Functional Requirements:- The Non-Functional Requirements of the
project are as follows:
• The system should be reliable and robust.
• The system should be User friendly.
• The system should be completely Consistent and Secure.

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 • Hardware Requirements:
• OS: Any modern version of Mac OS, Windows, or Linux
• Processor: Intel multicore
• Memory: 4 GB RAM
• Storage: Around 200MB of free space for project files.

• Software Requirements:
• Operating system: Any modern version of Mac OS, Windows, or
Linux
• Browser: Any modern browser such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari,
Opera, etc.
• A code editor or IDE such as Atom, Visual Studio Code or Web
Storm.
• Node.js, version >= 6.0.0 and a package manager such as npm.
• MongoDB installed.

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Data Analysis and Interpretation

Data analysis and interpretation is an important step in understanding the

performance of an online dog shop application. Here are some examples of
data that could be collected and analysed:
1. Sales data: Sales data can be collected and analysed to understand
which dogs are the most popular, which categories are performing well,
and how sales are trending over time. This information can be used to
make informed decisions about inventory management and marketing
strategies.
2. Traffic data: Traffic data can be collected and analysed to understand
how many people are visiting the online dog shop, where they are
coming from, and which pages are the most popular. This information
can be used to optimize the website for better performance and to target
marketing efforts more effectively.
3. User data: User data can be collected and analysed to understand how
customers are using the online dog shop, including how long they spend
on the website, which pages they visit, and which products they view.
This information can be used to improve the user experience and to
identify areas where the website could be optimized.
4. Conversion data: Conversion data can be collected and analysed to
understand how many visitors are completing purchases on the online
dog shop and which factors are contributing to or hindering conversion
rates. This information can be used to optimize the checkout process
and to identify areas where additional support or incentives may be
needed to encourage conversions.
5. Feedback data: Feedback data can be collected and analysed from
customers, including reviews, ratings, and customer support
interactions. This information can be used to identify areas where
improvements are needed and to measure customer satisfaction.

Overall, data analysis and interpretation can provide valuable insights into the
performance of an online dog shop application, helping to identify areas for
improvement and to optimize the user experience and sales performance.

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Findings of the Study

Without conducting a specific study of an online dog shop project, it is

difficult to provide specific findings. However, some general findings that
may be relevant to an online dog shop project could include:

1. User experience is crucial: Providing a positive user experience is crucial

for the success of an online dog shop project. This includes ensuring that
the website is easy to navigate, products are easy to find, and the checkout
process is streamlined.

2. Product selection is important: Offering a wide selection of high-quality

dogs is important for attracting and retaining customers. It is also important
to ensure that the product selection is regularly updated and refreshed to
keep customers coming back.

3. Marketing and promotion are key: Marketing and promotion are key for
driving traffic and sales to an online dog shop. This may include social
media marketing, email marketing, and targeted advertising campaigns.

4. Security is essential: Ensuring the security of customer data and payment

information is essential for building trust with customers and maintaining
the reputation of the online dog shop.

5. Mobile optimization is necessary: With an increasing number of people

using mobile devices to browse and shop online, it is important to ensure
that the online dog shop is optimized for mobile devices.

Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of providing a positive user

experience, offering a wide selection of high-quality products, implementing
effective marketing strategies, prioritizing security, and optimizing for mobile
devices in the success of an online dog shop project.

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Research and Development

There are so many applications to build a web application and, in this research,
we have taken MERN technologies to use for building a web application.
MERN: MERN stands for MongoDB Express.js React.js Node.js. These are
the four technologies that help us to construct or to build this web application.

MongoDB: It is an open-source cross-platform program. It comes under the

NoSQL database classification. It was a document-oriented database. It uses
JSON format documents with optional Schemas
• Data Flexibility available means we can any every data in a separate
file
• Large data can be distributed into several connected applications
• High speed of fetching of data possible because it only depends on
indexing.
• It is a horizontally scalable database so it can handle the data make us
easy to distribute to serval machines.

NodeJS: Node JS is a runtime Javascript environment that works outside the

web page. It is mainly used for server-side applications.
* Node JS is open source and it is free of cost.
* Node JS uses asynchronous programming by default.
* Node JS will always store the data in only JSON format.

Express JS: It is a famous Library in node.js used for routing. It has some
methods like a router which help to do curd operations like put, get, post, and
delete request
* Robust routing
* It will focus on high performance
* It is an HTTP helper like it will redirection, catching.

27
ReactJS: React is a library of javascript which is created by Facebook. React is
mainly used as a UI which means Maximum it is used for client-side applications.
There are so many libraries like React-dom, React-router-dom, and many more to
help to build the frontend of any application.
* The rendering of the page will be much faster than others because it has
virtual Dom.
* Uses a stable code.

Security Issues

Security Issues the security provided by a password system depends on the

passwords being kept secret at all times. Thus, a password is vulnerable to
compromise whenever it is used, stored, or even known. In a password-based
authentication mechanism implemented on a system, passwords are
vulnerable to compromise due to five essential aspects of the password
system:

• A password must be initially assigned to a user when enrolled on the

system.
• A user's password must be changed periodically.
• The system must maintain a "password database.
• Users must remember their passwords.
• Users must enter their passwords into the system at authentication time.
• Employees may not disclose their passwords to anyone.

Password policies can be set depending on the needs of the organization. For
example, it is possible to specify minimum password length, no blank
passwords, and maximum and minimum password age. It is also possible to
prevent users from reusing passwords and ensure that users use specific
characters in their passwords making passwords more difficult to crack.

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ERD of ‘Food Ordering’

In this ERD, the main entities are Customer, admin, pet.

• Customer entity stores information about each customer such as their
ID, name, email, password, and phone number.
• Admin entity stores information about each product such as its ID,
name, description, email, password, and phone number.
• Pet entity stores information about each order such as its ID, Pet ID,
breed, age, alias name, medical condition.

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DFD
A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the flow of data through a
system or process.

In this DFD, there are two main actors: the User and the admin. The customer can
browse the selection of dogs, add dog to their cart, and check out. The admin can
manage inventory, view orders, update orders, and generatereports.

The arrows between the processes represent the flow of data. For example, the
customer's selection of dogs flows from the "Browse dogs" process to the "Add to
cart" process. Similarly, the order information flows from the "Checkout" process to
the "Generate reports" process.

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In this Level 1 DFD, the process is broken down into more detailed sub-processes.
The customer can search for dogs, which involves querying the dog database.
The "Dog information" process allows the customer to view more detailed
information about a dog they are interested in. This process retrieves the detailed
information about the selected dog from the dog database.
Overall, this Level 1 DFD provides a more detailed breakdown of the process, which
helps to clarify the flow of data and the interactions between the customer and the
dog database.

31
In this Level 2 DFD, we have detailed the processes. Here we have Inventory details
and Login credentials. More detailed than Level 1 DFD.
Overall, this Level 2 DFD provides more detail about the interactions between the
customer and the dog database, as well as the flow of data between different
processes within the system.

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FRONT-END

Home Page

The home page of the web Application mainly contains Login Button and a
Navigation Bar and there some options that will be if the user does not sign
in/login in yet then "Sign in" and "Sign up" options will be there.
Navigation Bar contains Home, Contact us, products, About Us and Cart options
.

Login Page:

Login Page also consist of a navigation bar.

It contains a login form having 2 field username and password. Password is in
encrypted form.
Other social media accounts are also given.
Bootstrap and CSS is used for styling purpose.
EJS engine is used

33
Error page:

Error Page also follows the theme of Black & white.

There is no navigation bar.
A message has been embedded which can help the user to know that they have enter
wrong url.
These go to home page buttons are created using bootstrap.

34
Product:

• Shop Page contains nav bar.

• It contains products with Dog name, price of the dog, description of the dog
and ‘Add to Cart’ button along with picture of the dog.
• Product appears in a card format.
• By clicking on Add to Cart button it will lead you to the cart.
• These Products are added by the admin (initially there is no product added).

Add Product:
Admin will be able to add the product from this page.
It mainly consists of three fields:
• Title
• Image URL
• Price
• Description

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By clicking on ‘Add product’ button, the product will be added successfully.

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Cart:

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BACK-END

Models: Here we define the structure of the data that should in the database. By
using some models which help to store the data in the database like mongoose, it
is one of the famous libraries in Node JS. Creating the schemas by mongoose
with can mentions the names and type of the data.

Routers: All the work related to the routing of the pages was done here. Express
JS is a popular library form routing. CRUD operations and routing-related code
are saved in this folder.

Controllers: In controllers, the definitions of the functions which are declared in

the routing will be stored and also the codes of the middleware are stored in this
folder. In the controller phase, the function definitions of the function which are
declared in the Routers will be done. We are having some middleware also
defined here.

Node.js can also be used in combination with other technologies, such as

Express.js for building web APIs and EJS for server-side rendering of dynamic
web pages. This can help to create a cohesive and efficient backend architecture
for the online dog shop.

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Product Database:

User – Database:

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ADVANTAGES

1. A HUGE MARKET: E-commerce will give you an option to reach customers

all over the world, you can buy anything that you want to from your home.
Nowadays people are used to doing shopping with their mobiles only. So, it will
add an advantage for E-commerce.

2. WIDE PRODUCT VARIETY: In this large world, customers can buy

different types of products from different places, we can buy electronics from
Russia, shoes from japan, clothes from London and good old international
products, the depth and advantage of E-commerce is uncountable.

3. TRACKING: If you order any product in e-commerce you will get the details
of where the product is shipping and when it will reach you, you can cancel the
product also if you don't like that product after order.

4. LESS PRICE: In E-commerce websites, we can compare the prices of

products from one website to another website. In that way, we can easily know
that where we will get the product for a lesser price and we will get the basic idea
that how much money we can spend to buy a particular product.

5. MORE CHANCES TO “SELL”: In the physical stores' merchant cannot

give the full information about the product, but in the E-commerce store customer
can get full information about that product and he can see the reviews of another
customer who bought that product previously. In this way, if the product is good
it will get more chances to get that product.

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DISADVANTAGES

1. SECURITY: Even though E-commerce providing more benefits to customers.

People are having fear about giving their data to website owners, so it will give
security issues when we use e-commerce websites for shopping.

2. TAX: If we want to buy a product from e-commerce we will have to pay taxes
like GST, it will be different from place to place based upon your distance
between you and the product, it will be high when compared to buy in physical
stores.

3. DELAYING IN DELIVERY: If we order a product in e-commerce, the order

may or may not reach you on time, this is one of the common problems in e-
commerce, it will take time-based upon your distance between you and the
organization from where you ordered.

4. TECHNOLOGY COST: To create a website will take so much amount, one

needs to spend so much money on building an e-commerce website because he
needs to check all the possibilities and provide a good security system.

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Future Scope

The future scope of an ecommerce dog shop project using Express and Node.js
is vast, as the ecommerce industry continues to grow and evolve. Here are
some potential areas for future development and enhancement:

Scaling the application to handle increased traffic and larger datasets.

Incorporating machine learning algorithms to improve product recommendations
and personalized shopping experiences.
Integrating with emerging technologies such as virtual and augmented reality for
more immersive product displays.
• Enhancing security features to protect against fraud and cyber attacks.
• Building a mobile app version of the online dog shop to reach a wider
audience.
• Adding social media integrations for better marketing and customer
engagement.
• Implementing block chain technology for secure and transparent
transactions.
• Incorporating chat bots or other AI-powered tools to provide 24/7
customer support.
• Expanding the product range to include more niche or specialized dog
categories.
• Offering subscription-based services for recurring dog deliveries.
Overall, there is significant potential for an ecommerce dog shop project using
Express and Node.js to continue to evolve and innovate to meet the changing
needs of the market and customers.

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CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the online dog shop project is an excellent example of an

ecommerce application that can be built using modern web development
technologies like Node.js, Express.js, EJS, and CSS. The project offers a variety
of features and functionalities such as product browsing, online shopping cart,
secure payment processing, order tracking, user registration, and admin
dashboard.

The project offers a great learning opportunity for aspiring web developers to
gain hands-on experience with building a full-stack application, integrating
multiple tools and technologies, and implementing best practices for web
development. Additionally, the project can be easily extended and customized to
suit specific business requirements, making it a valuable asset for dog shop
owners looking to expand their online presence.

With the rapid growth of the ecommerce industry, the online dog shop project
has enormous potential for future development and enhancement, and can serve
as a foundation for more sophisticated and innovative ecommerce applications.
Overall, the project is a useful and practical example of how modern web
development technologies can be used to build powerful, scalable, and user-
friendly ecommerce applications.

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 19.Reference Links

• https://codebun.com/online-dog-shop-system-in-java-using-jsp- and-servlet-with-
source-code/

• https://www.researchgate.net/publicCommerce web Application_by_

using_MERN_Technology/link/60ffd3550c2bfa282a035023/downlo ad

• https://www.knowledgehut.com/blog/web-development/mern-stack- project-ideas

• https://blog.logrocket.com/mern-stack-tutorial/

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