Is 5528 1985
Is 5528 1985
Is 5528 1985
Indian Standard
METHOD OF
TESTING CORROSION RESISTANCE OF
ELECTROPLATED AND ANODIZED ALUMINIUM
COATING BY COPPER ~ACCELERATED ACETIC
ACID SALT SPRAY (CASS ) TEST
( First Revision )
Chairman Representing
DR R. C. SHARMA Eveready Flashlight Company, Lucknow
Members
SRRI G. S. BHATTACHARJEE Ministry of Defence (R & D)
SHRI I. N. BHATIA ( Altcrnotc )
SHRI S. C: BHAWAL National Test House, Calcutta
SHRI A. T. BORATE Premier Automobiles Ltd, Bombay
SHRI A. G. PRABHV (Alternate)
SHRI M. S. CHAKRAVORTY Premier Metal Finishers (P) Ltd, Calcutta
SHKI R. K. CHATTERJEE ( Alternate )
SHRI JAYENDRA K. DALAL Kohinoor Electra-Gilders, Bombay
DR R. P. DAB~BAL Indian Telephone Industries Ltd, Bangalore
DEPUTY DIRECTOR (MET-~), Ministry of Railways
RDSO, LUCKNOW
CHEMIST & METALLURGIST, ICF,
MADRAS ( Alternate )
SHRI E. D. DHARI~~~RAJ Platewell Processes & Chemicals Ltd, Vadodara
SHRI S. E. EMANVAL Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd, Bangalore
DR S. GURVVIAH Central Electrochemical Research Institute
(CSIR), Karaikudi
SHRI M. A. KATIBHASKAR Canning Mitra Phoenix Ltd, Bombay
DR R. G. JADHAV ( Alternot )
SHRI S. KONGOVI Kongovi Electronics Pvt Ltd, Rangalore
SHRI P. R. RAO ( Alternate)
DR S. KRISHNAMURTHP In personal capacity ( Shubhodaya, 38, XI Main
Road, Mollcswaram West, Bangalore )
( Contirrucd on page 2 )
0 Cofiyright 1985
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
IS : 5528 - 1985
( Continudfromjiagc1 )
Members Representing
SHRI V. KRISHNAMURTHY NGEF Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI ASWATHA~ARAYANA ( Alternate I )
SHRI M. K. ALAQE ( Altmatc II )
SHRI V. S. KIJLEARNI Grauer and Weil ( India ) Ltd, Bombay
SHRI SU~HIL GOINKA ( Altmatc )
SHRI S. MAEADEV~N Consolidated Metal Finishing Pvt Ltd, Madras
SH~I K. L. MUTHU T. I. Cycles Ltd, Madras
DR S. K. NARANQ National Metallurgical Laboratory (CSIR),
Jamshedpur
SHRI H. SIVANANDA PATIL Hindustan Machine Tools Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI K. R. SATRYANARAYANA (Altsrnatc I)
SRRI A. SANTHARAM ( Alternate II )
SHRI R. S. RAQHAVAN Development Commissioner, Small Scale
Industries, New Delhi
SHRI G. RANAMURTHY Tata Engineering & Locomotive Co Ltd,
Jamshedpur
SHXI R. SEN Hindustan Cables Ltd, Rupnarainpur
SRRI KALYAN GROSH ( =lZternatc)
SHRI Il. N. SHARMA Ministry of Defence (DGI)
SHRI M. R. GHOSH ( AIternats)
SHRI R. SOMASEKHARA Bharat Electronics Ltd, Bangalore
SRRI K. NA~ESH ( Alternate )
DR J. VAID Piece Electronics & Electricals Ltd, Pune
SHRI K. RAGHAVENDRAN, Director General, IS1 ( Ex-ofi& Member)
Director ( Strut & Met )
Secretary
SHRI S. K. GUPTA
Deputy Director ( Metals ), IS1
IS : 5528 - 1985
Indian Standard
METHOD OF
TESTING CORROSION RESISTANCE OF
ELECTROPLATED AND ANODIZED ALUMINIUM
COATING BY COPPER ACCELERATED ACETIC
ACID SALT SPRAY ( CASS ) TEST
( First Revision )
0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard( First Revision) was adopted by the Indian
Standards Institution on 15 February 1985, after the draft finalized by
the Metallic and Non-Metallic Coatings Sectional Committee had been
approved by the Structural and Metals Division Council.
0.2 This standard was first published in 1969. The present revision
has been found necessary in view of the developments in the field of
electroplating, testing of corrosion resistance and international
standardization.
0.2.1 In this revision, the scope has been extended to metallic and
related coatings including decorative copper+nickel+chromium and
nickel+chromium electroplated coatings on various bases, designed for
relatively severe service.
0.2.2 In this revision, the construction of the spray-cabinet
recommended earlier in Appendix A has now been incorporated in a
separate specification ( under preparation ) wherein a common
recommendation for the apparatus is expected to satisfy the requirements
of different salt spray tests, namely, the neutral ( NSS ), the acetic acid
( ASS ) and the copper accelerated acetic acid ( CASS ). Specified tests,
exposure duration and evaluation of corrosion resistance test stipulated
in relevant Indian Standard have also been incorporated in
Appendix B.
3
IS :5528 - 1985
0.4 While preparing this revision, necessary assistance has been derived
from IS0 3770-1976 (E ) Metallic coatings - Copper-accelerated
acetic acid salt spray test ( CASS test ), published by the International
Organization for Standardization.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard specifies the reagents, the procedure to be used and
prescribes conditions ~for conducting the copper accelerated acetic acid
salt spary ( CASS ) test for assessment of the quality, by way of corrosion
resistance of metallic and related coatings applied in accordance with the
requirements of the respective coating or product specifications.
1.2 This test was devised for assessing the quality of decorative coatings
of copper + nickel + chromium or nickel + chromium; it has been also
found suitable for testing anodic oxide coatings of 5 micrometres and
above on aluminium. The test should be used only for testing such
coatings, unless otherwise specified. This test is not reliable for comparing
copper + nickel + chromium coatings with nickel + chromium coatings,
because the accelerating effect of copper corrosion products from
copper + nickel + chromium coatings is marked by the copper ions
present in the test solution.
4
IS i 5528 - 1985
1.2.1 The suitability of this test and the correlation of the results with
service exposures should be determined before it is specified for coatings
other than those mentioned earlier.
1.3 This standard does not specify the type of test specimen, the exposure
period for a particular coating or product, or the interpretation of
results. Such details are given in the appropriate coating or product
specifications.
2. TEST SOLUTION
2.1 The test solurion shall be prepared by dissolving sodium chloride in
distilled or de-ionized water (see Note ) to produce a concentration
of 50 * 5 g;l. The sodium chloride NaCl ) shall be white and shall
give a colourless solution in water. It shall be substantially free from
copper and nickel and shall not contain sodium iodide more
than 0.1 percent and not more than 0.4 percent of total impurities,
calculated for dry salt ( see Note ). If the PH of the solution so prepared
is outside the range of 6’0 to 7.0, the presence of undesirable impurities
in the salt or the water or both should be suspected and investigated.
Nom-The distilled water rhall be as per IS : 1050-1977’ NaCI, Cucls.PHsO
and CHsCOOCH shall be of hR quality.
attain the specified PH, the purity of the water or salt or both, general
cleanliness of the system, accuracy of the PH-meter, etc, may not be
satisfactory. )
3. APPARATUS
3.2 The size and shape of the spray cabinet, compressed air pressure,
appropriate temperature, type of atomizer nozzle and the overall
arrangement of the system shall be so selected as to obtain the rate of
collection and the values of the condensate solution, collected in at least
two collecting devices of 80 cm” horizontal collecting area for each-
placed one close to the inlet of the spray and the other placed remote
from the air inlet, are kept within the limits as per 6.2. The compressed
air used during the test shall be free from oil and dirt.
3.3 Details of the construction and function of the spray cabinet have
been incorporated in a separate specification ‘Recommended construction
details of apparatus for spray cabinet useful for various salt spray test’ I
( under preparation ).
4. TEST SPECIMENS
4.1 Selection - The number and type of test specimens, their shape and
dimension shall be selected according to the specification covering the
coating or product being tested. When not so specified details
concerning the specimens shall be mutually agreed between the purchaser
and the supplier.
6
IS : 5528 - 1985
4.2.2 Care shall be taken that the specimens are not re-contaminated
after cleaning by excessive or careless handling.
4.3 Protecting Cut Edges - If the test specimens are cut from a larger
coated article, the cutting shall be carried out in such a way that the
coating is not damaged in the area adjacent to the cut to prevent
galvanic effect. Unless otherwise specified, the cut edges shall be
adequately protected, by coating them with a suitable medium stable
under the conditions of the test, such as paint, wax or adhesive tape.
Areas with identification marks may also be protected suitably.
5.2.1 Due care shall be taken to see that the significant surface of the
specimen is properly exposed to the spray of the test solution, as above.
7
IS: 5528 -1985
5.4 Material for Supports - The supports or racks for the specimens
shall be made of inert lion-metallic material, such as glass, plastics, rubber
or suitably coated wood. If it is necessary to suspend test specimens, the
material used shall on no account be metallic and shall be syntheti-c fibre,
cotton thread or other inert insulating material.
6. OPERATING CONDITIONS
a) lower temperature,
b) inadequate cover insulation, and
c) prolonged storage of the test solution at ahove room temperature.
6.3 Test Solution -The test solution which has been sprayed shall
not Abe re-used. Fresh test solution shall be used for every test.
8
IS : 5528 - 1985
7. DURATION OF TESTS
7.3 Inspection - If the end point of the test depends on the appearance
of the first sign of corrosion, the specimens may need to be inspected L
frequently. For this reason such specimens shall not be tested together
with other specimens requiring tests of pre-determined duration.
8.1 At the end of the test period, remove the specimens from the spray
cabinet. Allow the specimens to dry for half an hour, gently rinse in water
9
IS:5528-1985
9. EVALUATION OF RESULTS
9.1 Many different criteria for the evaluation of the results of this test
may be applied to meet particular requirements, for example, change in
mass, alterations revealed by micrographic examination, change in
mechanical properties, etc. Usually the appropriate criteria will be
indicated in the specification for the coating orproduct tested. For most
routine applications of the test, only the following need to be considered:
10.1The test report shall indicate the outcome of the test according to
the criteria for evaluation of results prescribed for the test. The
results obtained for each of the specimens tested, and, when appropriate,
the average results for a group of replicate test specimens, shall be
reported. The report may,-if required, be accompanied by photographic
records of the tested specimens.
10.2The test report shall contain information about the test procedure.
This information may vary according to the purposes of the test as and
the directions prescribed therein, but a general list of the details likely to
be required is as follows:
b) Dimensions, shape and other details of the test specimen and the
nature and area of the surface tested;
10
IS : 5528 - 1985
APPENDIX A
( Clause 6.3 )
STANDARDIZATION OF TEST CONDITIONS
A- 1. GENERAL
A-l.1 This Appendix describes the method for evaluating the corrosive
effect of the conditions produced in the spray test cabinet. The results
obtained permit a comparison to be made of the test conditions obtained
in different laboratories or in the same laboratory at different times.
11
IS:5528-1985
A-2.1 The test panels shall be cut from commercially pure nickel sheet
containing not less than 99.0 percent nickel and not more than O-15
percent carbon, 0.01 percent sulphur, 0.4 percent iron and 0.25 percent
copper. A suitable sheet thickness is approximately 1 mm and the panel
dimensions shall be 100 x 75 mm.
Panels to be used for the first time shall be cleaned by the general
procedure specified in 4.2 and shall then be immersed for 2 minutes at a
temperature of 21 to 24°C in a solution prepared by mixing 1 volume of
concentrated hydrochloric acid with 4 volumes of distilled water, rinsed
in warm flowing water and dried in an oven at a temperature of 105”C,
cooled to room temperature and weighed. Panels used in the test may
be re-used. The procedure for removing corrosion products at the end
of a test will produce a satisfactory surface for a subsequent test.
A-3.1 The weighed panels shall be placed in the test cabinet with the
longer edges inclined at 30” to the vertical with the upper surface facing
the general direction of the incoming spray. Supports for the panels
shall be made of or completely covered by inert materials, such as plastics.
The upper edges of the panels shall be at the same level as the tops of
the spray collectors.
A-4.1 After exposure to test for 24 h the panels shall be rinsed in cold
water to remove spray residues. The corrosion products shall then be
removed from each panel by immersing it for 2 minutes at a temperature
of 21 to 24°C in a solution prepared by mixing one volume of
concentrated hydrochloric acid with 4 volumes of distilled water. Tongs
used to hold the panels shall be of nickel or Monel metal or shall have
their contact areas covered with inert material. Each panel shall then be
washed in water with a final rinse in flowing water at a temperature of
approximately 4O”C, dried in an oven at a temperature of 105’%, cooled
to room temperature and again weighed.
12
APPENDIX B
( Clause 0.2.2 )
SPECIFIED TESTS, EXPOSURE DURATION AND EVALUATION OF CdRROSION
RESISTANCE TESTS STIPULATED IN IS SPECIFICATIONS
SPEOI- COATINQ BABE SERVICE CLABBIFICATION CORROBION-TEST DURATION ( HOURB ) EVALUATION REMARKS
GRADE No. -------- h--_------~
BIoATION
No. CASS ASS NSS CORR
IS : 552% IS : 6910- IS : 9844- IS : 803%
1985 1985 1981 1985
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Ni+Cr do Fe/Ni40b Cr r
Fe/NiJOb Cr mcimp
Fe/NiJOp Cr r
Fe/Ni25p Cr mc/mp
Fe/Ni30d Cr r
Fe/Ni25d Cr mc/mp
SPECIFIED TESTS, EXPOSURE DURATION ,AND EVALUATION OF CORROSION
RESISTANCE TESTS STIPULATED IN IS SPECIFICATIONS-Contd t:
Gl
SPECI- C~ATINO BASE SERVICE CLASSIFICATION CORROSION TEST DURATION (HOURS) EVALUATION REMA~KIJ g
FlCATION GRADE No. ~---_----*---__-----..--)
8
NO. CASS ASS NSS CORR
IS 552th
: 1985 IS :1985
6910- IS :1981
9844- IS :1985
8038- ii
Ln
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Cr+NifCr do 2 Fe/CuZONilOb Cr r 4 24 - 4’
Ni+Cr do 2 Fe/NiZOb Cr r
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
IS : 1868- Anodic Aluminium & AC 25 - -1 NO. of pita As agreed
1982 coating aluminium AC 15 _- - - - more than
alloy AC
AC
10
5
-
-
-
-
- I
.
1/6th
area
of
in
AC 2.5 - - --_) cm*- cause
J
I for
tion
rejec-