A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING

PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USED IN

CLINICAL AREA AMONG BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST SEMESTER STUDENTS OF AMAR
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING, DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB.

A
RESEARCH PROJECT

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE

OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING

B.SC NURSING 4th year

COLLEGE OF NURSING
AMAR PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING
DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB
2023
 A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING
PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USED IN CLINICAL
AREA AMONG NURSING STUDENTS OF AMAR PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING, DYALPURA,
DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB.

A
RESEARCH PROJECT

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE

OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
OF
BABA FARID UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCE FARIDKOT,
PUNJAB 2023

SUBMITTED BY
PRIYANKA
 CERTIFIED
THAT THIS IS THE BONAFIDE WORK OF
PRIYANKA

COLLEGE OF NURSING
AMAR PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING
DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB.

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE

OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
OF
BABA FARID UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCE FARIDKOT, PUNJAB.
2023
SMT. BABITA SOOD
PRINCIPAL
COLLEGE OF NURSING
AMAR PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING
DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB
 CERTIFICATE OF SUPERVISOR
This is to certify that
PRIYANKA
Has completed their Bachelor of Science in Nursing project work on the topic

“A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING

PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USED IN CLINICAL
AREA AMONG BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST SEMESTER STUDENTS OF AMAR PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF
NURSING, DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB.” Under my supervision and guidance and the
work is genuinely their own.

Guide:-
Mrs. Shabnamjeet Kaur
Associate Professor
Amar Professional College of Nursing
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

“No one who achieves success does so without acknowledging the help of others.”
We have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the
kind support and help of many individuals. First of all we solemnly want to thank the supreme
lord whose grace and blessings lead me throughout the study. Now we would like to extend
our sincere thanks to all of them who supports us because without collaboration of many
individuals it was impossible for us to conduct research.
We want to give special thanks to our Managing Director Shri Manoj Kumar for providing this
platform and favorable conditions to conduct research.
We express our heartfelt gratitude towards Respected Principal Mam Smt. Babita Sood, who
given us the opportunity and facilities to accomplish the task at our college Amar Professional
College Of nursing.
With the grace of lord, the present study has been undertaken and accomplished under the
expert guidance and supervision of Respected Smt. Shabnam jeet kaur. It’s a great privilege
and honor to work with her as she is dedicated teacher. We would also like to express our
gratitude towards our parents because we are here because of them. We are also thankful to
many more who have willingly helped us out with their abilities.

PRIYANKA
 INDEX

CHAPTER NO. CONTENT PAGE

CHAPTER 01 INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF STUDY 8
NEED OF STUDY 12-14
STATEMENT PROBLEM 15
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY 15
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION 15
ASSUMPTION 16
DELIMITATION OF STUDY 16

CHAPTER 02 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 17-22

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
RELATED TO PERSONAL
PROTECTIVE EQUPMENT

CHAPTER 03 METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN 26
RESEARCH APPROACH 26
VARIABLES UNDER STUDY 27
POPULATION 27
SAMPLE AND SAMPLE SIZE 27
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE 28
VALIDITY OF TOOL 29
PILOT STUDY 29
DATA COLLECTION 30
PROCEDURE
PLAN FOR DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 04 DATA ANALYSIS AND 32-44
INTERPRETATION

CHAPTER 05 DISCUSSION 45-47

CHAPTER 06 SUMMARY AND 48-50
CONCLUSON
CHAPTER 07 BIBLOGRAPHY AND 51-52
REFRENCES
CHAPTER 08 ANNEXURES
BACKGROUND
OF
THE STUDY
 ABSTRACT

PROBLEM STATEMENT
A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING
PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USED IN
CLINICAL AREA AMONG BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST SEMESTER STUDENTS OF AMAR
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING, DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB.
OBJECTIVES
1) TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USED IN CLINICAL AREA AMONG
BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST SEMESTER STUDENTS.

2) TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM BY COMPARING PRE-TEST AND POST-TEST
REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USED IN CLINICAL AREA AMONG BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST
SEMESTER STUDENTS.

3) TO FIND OUT THE ASSOCIATION OF POST-TEST KNOWLEDGE SCORE REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT USED IN CLINICAL AREAS AMONG BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST SEMESTER STUDENTS WITH THEIR SELECTED
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES.

RESULT
The present study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program
on knowledge regarding personal protective equipment used in clinical area among Basic B.Sc.
nursing 1st semester students. The area selected for the study was Amar Professional College
of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab. A pre- experimental approach was used in the
study using convenience sampling technique student were selected (N = 30). Data was
collected with the help of structured teaching program to assess the level of knowledge
regarding personal protective equipment used in clinical area. Pre- test result reveals that 2
(6.66%) were having good knowledge followed by 20 (66.66%) were having average
knowledge and remaining 8 (26.66%) were having poor knowledge whereas in the post-test
after imparting structured teaching program majority 16 (53.33%) were having good
knowledge followed by 14 (46.66%) were having average knowledge and 0 (0%) were having
poor knowledge.
CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

“Accidents are some one’s fault, don’t let them be yours, Personal Protective Equipment, self-
defense to prepare and prevent, don’t repair and prevent.”

Personal Protective Equipment are specialized clothing or equipment worn by a healthcare

worker for protection against infectious materials (gown, mask, respirators, protective eye
wear & gloves) should be readily available for personnel performing patient care.
CDC 2004
PPE used a part of standard precautions includes aprons, gowns, gloves, surgical mask,
protective eyewear and face shields selection of PPE’s is based on type of patient interaction,
known or possible infectious agents and the likely mode of transmission.
NHMRC 2010
Standard Precautions requires that employees must be provided at no cost to their employee
PPE’s when such equipment is necessary to protect employees from job related injuries, illness
& fatalities.
OSHA 1910
Many time workers do not adhere to Personal Protective Equipment requirement because
they feel it is a nuisance to wear or slows them down during a task it but PPE's is used only
when some type of hazard has been identified and can't be eliminated through others means.
It means that cause injury and fainting to use prescribed equipment push you in practical
danger.
GENDON INSURANCE BROKERS 1986.
PPE refers to variety of barriers used alone or in combination to protect mucus membrane
airway skin and clothing from contact with infectious agent. Health care workers are exposed
to many infectious hazard and face the risk of acquiring and spreading infection you must be
responsible for the society, help maintain safe working environment and follow procedure are
minimum requirement for protecting you and other from infection
MOSBYS' MEDICAL DICTIONARY 2009
 TYPES OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS :

A. HEAD PROTECTION :
These are mainly used during surgical procedures or in aseptic maneuvers. These devices offer
head avoid protection from contact-transmissible pathogens. They also allow hair to be
covered and potential contamination of the surgical wound.

B. HAND AND ARM PROTECTION :

Employees may encounter injury to hand and arm that cannot be eliminated through practice
control employees should wear appropriate hand protection. It is important for employees to
use gloves especially designed for hazard and to activities found on job.

C. EYE & FACE PROTECTION :

It protects the face and eye from flying particles, molten metals, liquid chemicals, acid or
caustic Liquid chemicals, gases or vapors potentially infected material & potentially harmful
light radiation.

D. BREATHING APPARATUS:
The primary objective of respiratory protection program is to prevent exposure to air
contaminated with harmful dust, fog, fumes, moist gasses, smokes, vapor, sprays and does
prevent occupational Illness.

E. PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:
It protects the users from harm. It may be required where maybe exposed to such hazards as
toxic or corrosive chemical, biological pathogens.
F. FOOT PROTECTION:
Equipment design to provide protection to feet and toes during exposure to situation with
potential for foot injury such as falling and rolling object, chemical liquid exposure, piercing
objects of trough role.

G. HEARING PROTECTION:
These are design to provide protection to an individual hearing during exposure to higher
noise level.
NEED FOR THE STUDY
The need for doing study on personal protective equipment used in clinical area among Basic
B.sc nursing 1st semester students is to know whether they are acquiring adequate knowledge
about PPE'S. There are higher chances of getting hospital acquired infection so they need to
have adequate knowledge related to use of PPE'S.
The study of personal protective equipment used in clinical area among Basic B.Sc nursing 1st
semester students is essential for several reasons especially in the context of infectious
diseases like COVID-19 PPE is a crucial aspect of infection prevention and control, and it prays
a significant role in safe guarding both health care, workers and patients.

Here are some key reasons why the study of PPE is crucial for basic BSc Nursing students along
with examples related to COVID-19 :

1. Protection of health care workers –

Basic nursing students need to understand the importance of using PPE correctly to protect
themselves while caring for patient with infectious diseases.
COVID-19 is primarily spread through respiratory droplets, so nursing students must know how
to use appropriate PPE to reduce the risk of infection. For example, they should be proficient
in using N95 marks or similar respirators, face shields, gowns and gloves.

2. Preventing transmission to patients –

Basic nursing students must learn how to prevent the transmission of infections from
healthcare workers to vulnerable patients. For example, when providing care to a patient
suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19, students should use PPE to prevent the spread of
the virus from them to the patient. Hand hygiene and the correct use of gloves are essential in
this regard.

3. Understanding different types of PPE –

Nursing students should be familiar with the various types of PPE available and their specific
uses. For instance, they need to know when to use surgical marks is N95 respirators , how to
properly done and diff gown and gloves and when face shield are necessary.
4. Compliance with Infection control protocols: -
By studying PPE, nursing students can better understand the importance of following infection
control protocols. This includes knowing when to use PPE, how to use it correctly, and how to
dispose of or clean it appropriately.

5. Addressing PPE Shortages: -

During the COVID-19 pandemic there were times when healthcare facilities faced Shortages of
PPE. Nursing students need to be aware of strategies for optimizing PPE use and consuming
resources without compromising safety.

6). Emergency preparedness: -

Nursing students must be prepared for potential outbreaks or emergencies. The study of PPE
equipment them to respond them to respond effectively and safety during infectious diseases
outbreaks like COVID-19.

7) Adaptation to emergency situation: -

Infectious diseases situations can evolve rapidly and PPE recommendations may change
accordingly. By studying PPE and its importance, nursing students can be better prepared to
new guidelines and protect themselves and their patients effectively.

Overall, the study of personal protective equipment among basic nursing students is vital for
their safety. The safety of their patients and their ability to respond effectively to Infections
diseases outbreaks like COVID-19.
Proper understanding and utilization of PPE can help prevent the spread of
infections and save lives.
 PROBLEM STATEMENT
A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING
PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USED IN
CLINICAL AREA AMONG BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST SEMESTER STUDENTS OF AMAR
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING, DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB.

OBJECTIVES
1) TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USED IN CLINICAL AREA AMONG
BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST SEMESTER STUDENTS.

2) TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM BY COMPARING PRE-TEST AND POST-TEST
REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USED IN CLINICAL AREA AMONG BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST
SEMESTER STUDENTS.

3) TO FIND OUT THE ASSOCIATION OF POST-TEST KNOWLEDGE SCORE REGARDING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT USED IN CLINICAL AREAS AMONG BASIC B.SC NURSING 1ST SEMESTER STUDENTS WITH THEIR SELECTED
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

SRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM

In this study, it refers to the systematically planned and formulated teaching program
designed to provide information regarding Personal Protective Equipment.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

PPE’s are specialized clothing worn by a health care worker for protection against infectious
materials.

NURSING STUDENTS
An individual who is enrolled in a professional nursing or vocational nursing
education program. Our research was conducted on Basic B.Sc nursing 1st semester students
of Amar professional college of nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab.
ASSUMPTION
Basic B.sc Nursing have moderate or no knowledge about PPE’s.

DELIMITATIONS
Delimitations of the study are:
 The study is limited to the nursing students.
 The study is limited to the Basic B.Sc nursing 1st semester students only.
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW
OF
LITERATURE
 CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A review of literature is a description and analysis of the literature relevant to a particular field
on topic. It provides a review of what work already had been carried out, who are the key
researchers who did that work, which of the question are already answered regarding a
particular area of research interest, what method and methodology were used to answer the
particular questions and what are the prevailing theories.

Queensland University, 1999 A literature review is an evaluative report of information found

in the literature related to selected area of study. The review describes, summarizes, evaluates
and clarifies the literature. It gives a theoretical base for the research and helps to determine
the research.

Chal Et Al January, 2017 conducted a cross sectional study to examine the relationship on
knowledge, attitude and practice level of opening room staffs towards Standards Precautions
and transmission based precaution. 113 staffs working in operating room in public hospital
completed a self-reported questionnaire. Outcome measure demographic information,
knowledge, attitude, practices and scores were collected.
Cluster -1 :- Subjects were younger, had higher educational attainment and worked more,
positive attitudes and practices.
Cluster -2 :- subjects were seniors relatively poor knowledge , negative attitude and practices.
The study clarifies profiles knowledge, attitude and practices pattern of operating room staff,
which may benefit health care educators in planning and developing appropriate educational
program and to learn about importance of personal responsibility in preventing infectious
disease transmission to patient, co-workers and even themselves.
Sebside tadesse Et Al Feb, 2016 conducted a cross-sectional study about utilization of
Personal Protective Equipment among health care workers. The 660 Studies are selected and
random sampling technique is used. A pre tested structured questionnaire is used. Result of
magnitude of PPE 's utilization was 82.4 % with service duration of more than 10 years (AOR:
2.28, 95%] were factors associated with use PPE 's conclusion is relatively higher. PPE ‘s
utilization rate was reported compared to other studies in developing countries but there are
significant proportion of workers who still doesn't use all the necessary PPE’s during work.
Intervention to promote PPE 's should focus on area such as - service duration, availability of
PPE's, presence of shift work and control of substance abuse.
Allice W. Gichohi Et Al Aprel, 2015 conducted cross-sectional study to determine the health
worker’s adherence to infection preventions, control policies & procedure at hospital in health
worker in level-4 hospital in Kenya. A descriptive cross survey design was used. The objectives
of study were :-
 To identify existing infection prevention and control policy guidelines.
 Evaluate implementation of infection prevention and control measures.
 Identify the barriers to compliance with infection prevention practices and control
measures.
 Quantitative data was analyzed by statistical package for social science, result revealed
that health workers have good knowledge about infection prevention practices and
control (98.7%) awareness about infection prevention policy control (IPPC). The record
showed approximately (6.7%) Nosocomial Infection rate among hospitalized patients.
Study conclude that there was adequate compliance with IPPC.
Jawaid Et Al 2014 conducted a cross sectional study to assess the factors affecting Standard
Precaution compliance among nurses in an all areas at hospital settings. The PICU guide help
out focus on this meta-analyses for significant factors affecting nurses compliance with the
practice of standard precautions realms threats behavior modification, system control and
education and health promotion of the complied by proper hand washing, gloving 56.7%, hand
hygiene 39.3% and wearing aprons 58.3% of the 32 hospital nurses, 100% complied and of the
1444 clinical nurses in the hospital, there is a P <0.05 (95%) that they all significantly complied,
a total of 89.619%. compliance form among nurses from the four selected studies. The
purpose of study is to identify strategies to reduce incidence of infection in all area of settings.
Fashef shel Et Al June, 2015 conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the level of
compliance of Standard Precautions among the mid wives and nurses. In Palestinian Hospital,
a cross-sectional study was conducted on 81 midwives and nurses from Palestinian Hospital.
Data were collected from May to June in labor room and postpartum department and used
pre-tested questionnaires. Result that the current study showed that the average of Standard
Precautions knowledge level and compliance are 74.6% and 83.8% respectively. There were an
association between age, education, work experience and compliance with Standard
Precautions at P<0.05 (0,00,0.03 and 0.43) respectively. Conclusion is that the mid-wives and
nurses in study for both knowledge and Compliance have higher level regarding Standard
Precaution.
Labraguo Et Al, 2012 conducted a cross sectional study to assess knowledge and practice of
nurses in hospital regarding Standard Precautions measured by the Phillipines. It showed that
84.5% of participants confirmed applying Standard Precaution measures to all patients, 96.6%
of participants had knowledge about hand washing before and after contact with patient.
However, only 50% were washing hands before and after contact with patient. The knowledge
about wearing of mask, goggles and gown were 93.10%, 96.55% and 94.3% and 65.52% of
participants always wore gloves when drawing blood.
Nogueira, 2009 conducted a cross sectional study to evaluate the knowledge attitude and
compliance with special protection for infection contact. Instrument were structured
questionnaires 58.33% of which had been valid. Half of these instrument present reliability
and validity scores for instrument used. The instrument nurses- the instrument researcher
must employee where structure questionnaire associated with Likert type rating scale.
Beghdadli Et Al, 2008 conducted a study to examine cross-sectional knowledge and practice
regarding Standard Precautions among nurses in University hospital in western Algeria nurses
and 183 nurses participated in questionnaire in hospital work setting. Out of 133, 81 women
and 52 men. Personal and professional data, hand washing frequency, gloves, wearing
practices were collected. 95% of nurses reported washing their hands after removing gloves
more often than females 77%. Lack of Standard Precautions adherence is due to lack of
awareness and knowledge and insufficient supply of PPE's materials.
Tygerb, 2009 conducted a study to determine nurses comply and knowledge about Standard
Precautions in 3 tertiary hospitals at Western Cape reported 733 needle prick injuries. Aim of
study to determine if nurses comply with have adequate knowledge of Standard Precautions.
A non- experimental design and self-administered questionnaire were used to collect data.
143 participants involved nursing professionals, enrolled nurse and auxiliary nurse. Inadequate
knowledge related study was found and mean score of Standard Precautions was 87.5%. No
association was found between nurse’s knowledge and compliance regarding
Standard Precautions.
Filip Pova TP, 2007conducted a cross sectional study to assess occupational exposure to
Infection risk and use of personal protective Equipment by emergency medical personnel in
the republic of Korean.
The study of occupational exposure to infectious risk among emergency medical Personnel or
their use of PPE's has been conducted in the republic of Korea. They determine the status of
occupational Exposure Infectious risk and use of PPE's.
A convenience sample of 907 questionnaires (response rate 88.5%) was collected from 10t
September, 2014 or 31st 31 January, 2015 in metropolitan Korean city.
Respiratory diseases were significantly prevalent, 44.5% W and influenza, 29.5% was the most
frequently report illness and exposure report only made in 19.5% of cases, the primary reason
of occupational exposure reported on non-compliance is the complexity of the reporting
process 23.9%.
A total of 365 participants report occupation exposure to body fluid and body (40.25%) with
needle stick injury being the most frequent occupational exposure type (17.6%). More than 5
years of job experience (47.8%) (P <001) & region city (p=0.003) significantly Increase
occupational exposure to body fluids and blood.
Puncture resistance container (71.9%). Non disposable glove 68.9% were used. Job training
and education on infection risk and use of PPE’s you’re not uniformly conducted 77.5% anxiety
about occupational exposure to risk of infection from patients were common
among EMP (63.2%).
Sreenuvasu Mudella 2013 conducted cross-sectional study to assess the knowledge and
awareness on standard precautions among healthcare Workers.
A Cross-sectional study was conducted in September to October, 2013 at Nixam Institute of
Medical Science, Hyderabad.
Among nurses and technicians. 140 items questionnaires were provided to 180 healthcare
workers.
Chi Square test has been used to compare relevant group. It was observed that 96 (53.3%)
respondents are Very knowledgeable and 84(46-7%) were inadequately knowledgeable.
There Were 24 nurses and 34 technicians, 48 (57.7%) male and 48 (50%) female respondents
were found to be very knowledgeable, there is significant difference in knowledge and
awareness of Standard Precaution did not vary significantly between males and females
(P>0.05).
Jonathan Hinkin, September, 2013 conducted a study on clinical experience knowledge and
University Education Influence nursing students in infection control Practices.
Study aims experience influence the Infection control practice.
А non- probability purposive sample of 354/444 (79.70%) Nursing students from one university
participated in study. Knowledge was generally adequate is questions related to pathogen
transmission, have Hygiene principles, gloves use, immediate cut-on following Sharps and
Waste management. University education mainly influenced knowledge and practice
(340/353, 96.3%), nurses (316/353, 89.5%). Workloads time and availability of facilities and
equipment also contributed to adoption of infection control precaution. The finding illustrated
the importance of 'both theoretical and practical knowledge, supported by competent ride
models. The study has identified that there are many variables that affect PPE's related
practical both positively and negatively.
Journals of Hospital infection 2010 conducted a study to evaluate self-reported complains
with personal protective equipment among surgical nurses at Poland in 601 surgical Nurses
from 18 randomly selected hospitals in Poland, were surveyed using a confidential
questionnaire. The survey indicated that compliance with PPE varied considerable complaints
was high for gloves uses 83% but much lower protective eyewear 9% only 5% of respondents
routinely use gloves, masks, protective eye wear and gown when contact with potentially
infected materials. Nurses who had a high moderate level of fare of acquiring HIV at work
where (P<0.005) and P(0.04).The result where non availability of PPE 37%. The conviction that
sources of patient was not infected 33% and Staff concern that locally recommended that
practice actually interference with providing good patient care 30%. We recommended wider
evaluation and improvement of training of infection control, combined with practical
experience with HIV patient and easy access and improve comfort of PPE'S.
Olufeme Oludare Akiko et AL, 2006 conducted a study to assess the knowledge attitudes and
perceptions of occupational hazards and safety practices in Nigerian health care workers. The
study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design and stratified sampling techniques to
identify 290 responds. The study used mixed methodology and collected data by validated
instrument with date analyzed. The result shows that over half of respondents were registered
61.7% with 5yrs experience, median work experience 70.3%. Most respondent 89% were
knowledgeable about hazards in HCF's, identified recapping used needles as a risky practice
70%, and recognized that effective hand washing prior that and after a clinical procedure in
preventing cross- infection 100%, only 52.1% always comply with Standard Procedure and
most 93.8% practice safe disposal of sharp 93.81%. while they didn't 40% lack of basic safety
equipment and have inadequate operational knowledge of modern healthcare.
Chan Et Al 2002 conducted a study to assess the knowledge about standard precautions
among under nursing student before and after structure training session in Collabra, Nigeria.
The purpose of study was to determine HIV related structure training nursing student’s
knowledge of Standard Precaution in Collabra. The study was quasi- experimental pre post one
group by design, the participants were selected by simple random sampling techniques, 42
students participated in the study, 24 items self to develop questionnaires based on the
subject and hypothesis of the study. The instrument tested and on 20 nursing students in
another setting and analyzing using Pearson's movement product correlation analyze which
yielded reliability efficient at 0.8. Data was analyzed using standard precautions variations, 14,
34 females and 8 males with regards to knowledge based 25 (15 of the responded have not
received previous instructions in Standard Precautions. At Pre Test only 3(7.1%) and 7(6.7%) of
the responder about meaning of standard precautions 29(69.0%) and 34(8.1%)
respectively of Post Test.
CHAPTER-3
METHODOLOGY
 CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
The methodology is the most important chapter in research as it is the framework for
conducting a study. It indicates the general pattern for organizing valid and reliable data for
researcher. This chapter deal with methodology adopted to assess the knowledge of the
people regarding Personal Protective Equipment among Basic B.Sc. Nursing 1st semester
students.

 Research approach
 Research design
 Target Population

 Sample and sampling technique

 Selection and development of the tool
 Description of tool

 Content validity
 Pilot study
 Ethical consideration

 Data collection procedure

 Plan of data analysis
 Summary
 Research Approach
Quantitative research approach

Research design
Pre-experimental research design (One group Pre-Test Post-Test design)

Research Setting
Amar Professional College Of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab

Target Poupulation
Students of Basic B.sc nursing 1st semester

Sample size
30 students

Sampling Technique
Convenience sampling technique

Pre-Test
Structured knowledge questionnaire to asses the knowledge regarding PPE

Intervention
Structured Teaching Program

Post-Test
Structured knowledge questionnaire to asses the knowledge regarding PPE

Analysis interpretation
Descriptive & Infrential Statistics)
Research approach
It involves the description of the plan to investigate the phenomenon under study.
The choice of the appropriate research approach depends upon the purpose of the study.
Quantitative research approach was adapted to accomplish the program regarding Personal
Protective Equipment among the students of B.sc Nursing 1st semester at Amar Professional
college of Nursing, Dayalpura, Mohali, Punjab.

Research design
A research design is a plan how, where, and when data are to be collected and analyzed. In
this study investigator intention was to evaluate of the effectiveness of structured teaching
program. The Pre experimental research design include three feature like convenience
assignment, manipulating and experimental group. In the present study all the features were
present. So one group pre-test design (before and after design) was adopted to accomplish the
main objective of the study.
Experimental group- C01×02

Convenience Pre Test Intervention Post Test

Assignment 01 X 02

The symbols are described as follows :-

C- Convenience assignment
01- Pre-Test
X - intervention (structured teaching on knowledge regarding PPE)
02- Post-Test.

The study was descriptive study and did not include any intervention on study subjects, so it
was ensured that there was no interference in the routine life of students. A written
permission from the principal was taken before launching the study.
Setting of study
The study was conducting in one field including experimental group to prevent contamination.
Experimental group was selected from Amar Professional College of Nursing Dyalpura, Distt.
Mohali, Punjab.
The rationale for selecting these setting for the study was the research familiarity with the
setting geographical proximity and availability of data.

Variables under study

 Independent Variable –
Structured teaching program on knowledge regarding PPE.
 Dependent Variable –
Knowledge of Basic B.sc nursing 1st semester students regarding PPE.

Population
Population is a complete set of person or objects that possess some common characteristics
that are of interest to the research.

Target Population
Target population was the basic B.sc nursing 2nd semester students are selected Amar
Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, Distt. Mohali, Punjab.

Sample and Sampling Technique

Samples are the representative unit of target population, which is to be worked upon by
research during the study. Sampling is the process of selecting a representative part of the
population.
Convenience sampling technique used to select (30 experimental group)

Sample
(N=30)

Experimental
group (N=30)

Selection and development of tool

The tools for this study was developed after extensive review of literature expert’s opinion in
the field of medical surgical nursing and investigation on experience in the clinical area. In the
present study structured knowledge was used to assess the knowledge regarding PPE.

Description of the Tool

Tool consisted of two section.
Section A - Demographic profile
Section-B -Structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding PPE.

Section A - Demographic profile

Demographic profile was used to collect personal information about the students such as age
of the students, gender, religion, education, family & past knowledge, source of information.

Section B - Structured knowledge questionnaire

This part consisted of multiple choice questions, each item consisted of four options, out of
which only one was correct. It included total 30 items of the tool.
Scoring-
For each item of correct answer carry maximum score "ONE" and wrong answer carry
maximum score "ZERO." There was no negative scoring.
 Maximum score = 25-30
Minimum score= 0-10
Criteria measure -
Score Level of Knowledge
20-30 Good
10-20 Average
0-10 Poor

Development and description of the structural teaching program

Structured teaching program was developed to the planned objectives. The structured
teaching program was developed after extensive review of literature, seeking opinion of
experts, internet, books, journals and from personal experience.

Validity of tool
Validity refers to the degree to which an instrument measure what it is supposed to be
measuring.
The structured teaching knowledge to assess the knowledge regarding personal protective
equipment along with objectives was given to 8 experts from different field of nursing Amar
professional college of nursing. There were 30 items in questionnaire related to knowledge.
There for contain addition and detections refinement of the tool was then after the
suggestions of experts, 30 items were finalized in tool.

Reliability of tool
Reliability of an instrument is concerned with how consistently the measurement technique
measure the concept of interest.
Reliability of the structured knowledge questionnaire was assessed by test and retest method
using Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient formula.
The value was found to be r=0.10 hence the tool was considered to be reliable.
Pilot study
Pilot study was conducted in(date) to find out the reliability and feasibility of the study by
taking to 10 subjects.

Data collection procedure

Main data collection was carried out in the month of August 2023. Total 30 subjects were in
target population. Prior permission was obtained from higher authorities of Amar Professional
College of Nursing. The researcher developed rapport with the subjects and purpose of data
collection was explain to them.
After obtaining the written informed consent from the respondents, during the Pre-test
questionnaire were given to group for 30 minutes and after that the structure
teaching program.
After 4 days, post-test knowledge of subjects in group was assessed.

Ethical consideration
Approval was taken from the ethical and research committee of the Amar professional college
of nursing, permission of data collection was taken from B.sc nursing 2nd semester students of
Amar Professional College of Nursing Dyalpura, Mohali Punjab.

Plan of analysis
The data collected by the researcher was transferred to the master sheet prepared for each
section of tool. The descriptive and inferential statistics are read to achieve the objective of
the study. Demographic data related to respondents was analyzed in term of frequencies and
percentage.
Mean, standard deviation would be calculated from score obtained from B.sc nursing students
in experimental group.
Frequency, percentage and standard deviation were used to find the association between
post-test knowledge score with demographic variables.
Summary
This chapter dealt with the researcher approach, research setting, variables under study,
population, sample and sampling techniques, inclusion and exclusion or criteria, development
and description of tool, development and description of structured teaching program, content
validity, reliability of tool, pilot study, data collection process, ethical consideration, plan for
data analysis and summary.
This chapter gives direction for the analysis and interpretation of the data.
CHAPTER-4
DATA ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION
Data Analysis and Interpretation

This chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of data obtain to assess the
effectiveness of structured teaching program on Knowledge regarding Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) used in clinical area among the Basic B.Sc. 1st semester students of Amar
Professional College of Nursing Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab.

Analysis and interpretation of data was done in accordance with the objective of the study.

The data analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.

1. To assess the knowledge regarding Personal Protective Equipment used in clinical area
among Basic B.Sc. Nursing 1st Semester students.

2. To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program by comparing pre-test and

post-test regarding Personal Protective Equipment used in clinical area among Basic B.sc
nursing 1st semester students.

3. To find out the association of Post-test score knowledge regarding Personal protective
Equipment used in clinical area among Basic B.Sc. Nursing 1st Semester students with
their selected demographic variables.
 MAIN ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
The raw data collected was entered in master sheet and analyzed and interpreted by using
descriptive and inferential statistics.
The data was organized and presented under different sections.
SECTION A
Frequency and percentage distribution of socio demographic variables of Basic B.sc nursing 1st
semester students.
SECTION B
Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge regarding Personal Protective
Equipment used in clinical area in pre-test and post-test among Basic B.Sc nursing 1st semester
students.
SECTION C
Comparison between mean and standard deviation of pre-test and post-test with the level of
knowledge regarding Personal Protective Equipment used in clinical area.
SECTION D
Association between selected demographic variables and level of knowledge regarding
Personal Protective Equipment among Basic B.Sc nursing 1st semester students.
 SECTION A
Frequency and percentage distribution of socio demographic
variables of Basic B.sc nursing 1st semester students.
(N=30)
TABLE 1
Demographic Variables F %
1.Age
a. 17-18 3 9.99%
b. 19-20 21 69.99%
c. 20-21 6 19.99%
2. GENDER
a. Male 9 29.99%
b. Female 21 69.99%
3. EDUCATION
a. Intermediate 20 66.66%
b. Graduation 10 33.33%
4. SOURCE OF INFORMATION

a. Mass media 16 53.33%

b. Friends 2 6.66%
c. Books 8 26.66%
d. Health personal 4 13.33%
5. PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
a. Seminar 4 13.33%
b. Class teaching 22 73.33%
c. Other 9 13.33%
 TABLE 1.1
Depicts that among 30 students of Basic B.Sc nursing 1st semester
with level of knowledge regarding personal protective equipment
used in clinical area according to age, (19-20 years) 21 (69.99%)
were having maximum knowledge followed by age (20-21years) 6
(19.99%) were having average knowledge and remaining (17-18
years) 3 (9.99%) were having minimum knowledge. According to
gender, female 21 (69.99%) were having maximum knowledge
followed by male 9 (29.99%) were having minimum knowledge.
According to education, intermediate 20 (69.99%) were having
maximum knowledge followed by graduation 10 (33.33%) were
having minimum knowledge. According to source of information,
mass media 16 (53.33%) were having maximum knowledge
followed by books 8 (26.66%) were having average knowledge and
remaining health personnel 4 (13.33%) and friends 2 (6.66%) were
having minimum knowledge. According to previous knowledge,
class teaching 22 (73.33%) were having maximum knowledge
followed by rest seminar 4 (13.33%) and other 9 (13.33%) were
having minimum knowledge.
 Age

10%
20%

70%

17-18 19-20 20-22

 Gender

30%

70%

Male Female
 Education

33%

67%

Intermediate Graduation
 Previous Knowledge

13% 13%

74%

Seminar Class Teaching Other

 SECTION B
Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge regarding Personal Protective
Equipment used in clinical area in pre-test and post-test among Basic B.Sc nursing 1st semester
students.

TABLE 2
PRE-TEST SCORE POST-TEST SCORE

LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE f % f %

GOOD 2 6.66% 16 53.33%

AVERAGE 20 66.66% 14 46.66%

POOR 8 26.66% 0 0%
 TABLE 2.1
Depicts that among 30 nursing students the level of knowledge regarding
personal protective equipment based on structured teaching program in pre-
test and post-test. In pre-test, 2 (6.66%) were having good knowledge followed
by 20 (66.66%) were having average knowledge and 8 (26.66%) were having
poor knowledge. In post-test, 16 (53.33%) were having good knowledge
followed by 14 (46.66%) were having average knowledge and remaining were 0
(0) having poor knowledge.

SECTION C
Comparison between mean and standard deviation of pre-test and post-test regarding the
level of knowledge regarding personal protective equipment used in clinical area.

TABLE 3
LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE MEAN STANDARD DEVIATION

PRE-TEST 13 2.19

POST-TEST 20.33 4.98

TABLE 3.1
Depicts that comparison between pre-test mean value was 13 with standard deviation 2.19
overall post-test mean value was 20.33 with Standard Deviation 4.98.
 SECTION D
Association between selected demographic variables and level of knowledge regarding
personal protective equipment used in clinical area among Basic B.Sc nursing 1st semester
students.

TABLE 4
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLE AVERAGE GOOD CHI
SQUARE

F % F %
1.AGE
17-18 Years 1 3.33% 2 6.66% X2= 1.96
19-20 years 10 33.33% 11 36.66% df= 6
21-22 years 2 6.66% 4 13.33%

2.GENDER
Male 4 13.33% 5 16.66% X2=0.77
Female 13 43.33% 8 26.66% df=2

3.EDUCATION
INTERMEDIATE 10 33.33% 5 16.66% X2=1.11
GRADUATION 3 10% 8 26.66% df=2

4.SOURCE OF
INFORMATION
MASS MEDIA 10 33.33% 6 20%
FRIENDS 1 3.33% 1 3.33% X2=6.54
BOOKS 2 6.66% 6 20% df=6
HEALTH 0 0% 4 13.33%
PERSONNEL

5.PREVIOUS
KNOWLEDGE
SEMINAR 1 3.33% 3 10%
CLASS TEACHING 12 40% 10 33.33% X2=4.55
OTHERS 0 0% 4 13.33% df-6
 Table-4.1
Depicts that there is no association between level of knowledge regarding personal protective
equipment used in clinical area with selected demographic variables i.e. age, gender,
education, source of knowledge and previous knowledge.

MAJOR FINDINGS
The findings of the study have been discussed in accordance with the objectives of the study.
This was pre experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on
knowledge regarding personal protective equipment used in clinical area among Basic B.Sc
nursing 1st semester students of Amar professional college of nursing, Dyalpura, Mohali,
Punjab.
With regards to knowledge, among 30 Basic B.Sc nursing students in the pre-test 2 (6.66%)
were having good knowledge followed by 20 (66.66%) were having average knowledge and
remaining 8 (26.66%) were having poor knowledge whereas in the post-test after imparting
structured teaching program majority 16 (53.33%) were having good knowledge followed by
14 (46.66%) were having average knowledge and 0 (0%) were having poor knowledge.

The demographic variables are:

Age, Gender, Education, Source of information, Previous knowledge had not shown
statistically significant association with post-test level of knowledge regarding personal
protective equipment used in clinical area.

LIMITATIONS-
1-Study was limited to Basic B.Sc. Nursing 1st semester only.
2-The sample size was only 30
3-This study did not have control group.
 DISCUSSION
SECTION A
Frequency and percentage distribution of socio demographic variables of nursing students.
SECTION B
Comparison between mean and standard deviation of pre-test and post-test regarding the
level of knowledge.
SECTION C
Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge of Personal Protective
Equipment in pre-test and post-test among nursing students.
SECTION D
Association between selected demographic variables and level of knowledge regarding
Personal Protective Equipment among nursing students.

SECTION A
Frequency and percentage distribution of socio demographic variables of nursing students.

Table-
Regarding age group, 19-20 years (69.99%) had maximum score and 17- 18 years (9.99%) had
minimum score. Regarding gender, female (69.99%) had maximum score and male (29.99%)
had minimum score. Regarding education, intermediate (66.66%) had maximum score and
graduate (33.33%) had minimum score. Regarding source of information, mass media (53.33%)
had maximum score and friends (6.66%) had minimum score. Regarding previous knowledge,
class teaching (73.33%) had maximum score and seminar (13.33%) and other (13.33%) had
minimum score.

SECTION B
Comparison between mean and standard deviation of pre-test and post-test regarding the
level of knowledge.
Table-
Indicate assessment of pre-test mean value 13 with standard deviation 2.19.
Overall post-test mean value 20.33 with standard deviation 4.98.

SECTION C
Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge of Personal Protective
Equipment in pre-test and post-test among nursing students.

Table-
Show that at the pre-test and post-test based on structure teaching program. In pre-test
among 30 nursing students, 8 (26.66%) had poor knowledge, 20 (66.66%) had average
knowledge, 2 (6.66%) had good knowledge.
In post-test, none of them had poor knowledge,
14 (46.66%) had average knowledge, 16 (53.33%) had good knowledge.

SECTION D
Association between selected demographic variables and level of knowledge regarding
Personal Protective Equipment among nursing students.

Table-
Indicates that there is no association between the level of knowledge regarding Personal
Protective Equipment among 30 samples (nursing students) with selected demographic
variables i.e., age, gender, education, source of information and previous knowledge.
 CONCLUSION
The findings of the study have been discussed in the accordance with the objective of study.
This was a pre-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program
on knowledge regarding personal protective equipment used in clinical area among Basic B.Sc.
Nursing 1st Semester students of Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, Distt.
Mohali, Punjab.
With regards to knowledge, among 30 Basic B.Sc nursing students in the pre-test 2 (6.66%)
were having
good knowledge followed by 20 (66.66%) were having average knowledge and remaining 8
(26.66%) were
having poor knowledge whereas in the post-test after imparting structured teaching program
majority
16 (53.33%) were having good knowledge followed by 14 (46.66%) were having average
knowledge and
0 (0%) were having poor knowledge.

Implications-
The finding of the study recommended the implication on nursing practice, nursing education,
nursing administration and nursing research.

Nursing practice-
Being the backbone of health team, nurses are a great responsibility in educating the nursing
students for the proper use of personal protective equipment used in clinical area. Detailed
instructions is given to nursing students and other staff on how to properly put on (don) and
take off (doff) personal protective equipment to minimize the risk of contamination.

Nursing research-
The study finding can be effectively utilized by emerging researches. The finding of study helps
to expand the knowledge upon which further researches can be conducted. The essence of the
research is to build a body of knowledge in nursing, the finding of the present study serves as
basis for the profession and the student to conduct for the studies the generalization of the
study results can be made by replication of the study nursing research is the mean in which
nursing profession is growing.

Nursing administration-
Nurse as an administrator has a crucial role in planning the policies of imparting health
information to the nursing students. The nurse administrator should take active part in the
policy making, developing protocols, standing orders related health education regarding
personal protective equipment. Nursing administrator should take interest in motivating the
nursing personnel and students to use the proper technique of personal protective equipment
in clinical setting.

Limitations-
• Study was limited to Basic B.Sc. Nursing 1st semester only.
• The sample size was only 30.
• This study did not have control group.

Recommendations-
On the basis of the finding of the present study, the following recommendation have been
made for further study:
 A similar study could be used to test the effectiveness of Personal protective equipment
among hospital staff.
 A comparative study can be done to assess the knowledge among staff nurses and
teachers in nursing institutes.
 It can be carried out in a large population for generalize.
 SUMMARY

The focus of the study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on
knowledge regarding Personal Protective Equipment used in clinical area among Basic B.Sc.
Nursing 1st Semester students of Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, Distt. Mohali,
Punjab. A quantitative approach was used in the study using convenience sampling technique.
The data was collected with the help of structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the level
of knowledge regarding Personal Protective Equipment used in clinical area. The sample
size was 30 (N=30). The study we conducted was effective.
With regards to knowledge, among 30 Basic B.Sc nursing students in the pre-test 2 (6.66%)
were having good knowledge followed by 20 (66.66%) were having average knowledge and
remaining 8 (26.66%) were having poor knowledge whereas in the post-test after imparting
structured teaching program majority 16 (53.33%) were having good knowledge followed by
14 (46.66%) were having average knowledge and 0 (0%) were having poor knowledge.
 APPENDIX -1
Reference
BOOK REFERENCES
1. Bet Bauman John, V, Kohn James. V. (1999). Research Education (7th" edition)
New Delhi. Practice of India. page no.104-142
2.Brunners (2008), Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing (11th"edition), New Delhi.
Wolters Kluwer. Publication. Page no. 156-190
3. Burns & Groove (1997), The Practice of Nursing Research Methods (2nd edition).
Tokyo, W.B. Saunders Company. Page no. 260-274
4. CR. Kothari (1995) Research Methodology (2 edition) New Delhi, New Age International Publishes. Page
no.432-444
5. Denise F. Polit and Cheryl Tatano Beek (2010) Nursing Research generating and Assessing Evidence for
nursing Practice (8 edition). New Delhi. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Page no. 430-360
6. Gupta S.P. (2008) Statistics Methods (37th edition). New Delhi. Sultan Chand and Soris Education Publishers.
Page no. 654-659
7. Suraj Suresh. K. Sharma (2012) Nursing Research and Statistics 1st edition. Haryana.
Elsevier Publication. Page no.570-585
8. Treece W. & Treece J. W. 1982. Elements of Research in Nursing. St. Louis, Mosby
Page no.452-459
9. Talbot and Laura 1994. Principal and Practice Nursing Research Chicago C.V. Mashy Company Page no.930-
950
10, Polit D.F, Hungler, B. P. 1999 Nursing Research Principles and Methods 6" edition, Philodelphia, J. B.
Lippincott Company. Page no. 630-646
11. Phipp’s 2009 Medical surgical Nursing health and illness Perspective 8th edition Noida,
Elsevier Publication. Page no. 860-872
12. Monaman Neighbors Marek Philips Medical Surgical Nursing 8th edition, New Delhi, Practices of india.
Page no. 1156-1164
13. BT Basavanthappa Medical Surgical Nursing 2nd edition, Jaypee Brothers medical publishers New Dehi
Practices of india. Page no. 450-460
14. Lewis-Bucher Heitkempe, Harding Medical Surgical Nursing 10th edition, New Delhi Practices of india. Page
no. 920-937
15. Linda S.Williams , Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, New Delhi Practices of india.
Page no. 689-705
Journals:
1. Mark A. lies-II & Meagen Newman, 2012. "OSHA Compaign to protect employees from heat hazard;
American society of safety Employers.
2. Jack K, Leiss, PhD, Kathleen L sits man. PHD, R.N, 2010 ' provision and use or PPE among Hospital Nurses in
North Carolina'. American Journal of Infection Control.
3. R. Marcus, 2014 "The CDC Cooperative Needle stick injury Grove. The New Journals
4 C. Roberts, 2000 * Universal Precautions; improving the knowledge of trained of nurses". British journal of
Nursing
5. A. Kotwal & D. K. Taneja, 2010 "Health care workers and universal precautions:
Perception & determinant of non compliance", Indian Journal of community medicine.
Internet references:
I. www.osha.gov
2. www.ritzsaftey.com
3. www.screwfix.com
4. www.wisconsin.gov.com
5. www.cdc.gov
6. www.medlineplus.gov
7. www.gapmedics.com
8. www.nhsemployers.org
 APPENDIX -2
TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION

SECTION-1
Demographic data which include variables like age, religion, education family, source of
information & past knowledge.
SECTION-2
It consists of items related to knowledge of student regarding PPE's.
The content include were introduction problem statement, objectives, operational definition,
need of study, review of literature, tools for PPE's. For the purpose of the study the knowledge
score was characterized as:

TOOLS FOR THE STUDY

SECTION-A
(DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES)
Demographic data

1. AGE
a. 17-18
b. 19-20
c. 21-22
d. above 22 year

2. SEX
a. Male
b. Female
3.EDUCATION
a. Intermediate
b. Graduation

4. SOURCE OF INFORMATION
a. Mass media
b. Friends
c. Books
d. Health personnel

5. PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PPE

a. Seminar
b. Class teaching
c. Clinical experience
d. Other

SECTION-B
Question related to personal protective equipment

•Assessment of knowledge regarding PPE's.

Q1. What does PPE stand for?

a. Personal protective essentials

b. Personal protective equipment.
c. Protection of personal entities
4. Personal protective examples

Q2 Which of the following PPE includes?

a. Gloves
b. Gown
c. Mask
d. All of the above

Q3. Which type of PPE is most opted for health care provider to wear if patient is suffering
from tuberculosis?

a. Eye goggles
b. A surgical mask
c. An respirator
d. Both surgical mask & respirator

Q4. What all is included in PPE is to as routine practice?

a. Safety glasses, long sleeved gown, gloves, mask

b. Safety glasses, short sleeved gown, gloves, mask
c. Prescription glasses, long sleeved gown, gloves, mask
d. All of the above
Q5. What should you do before using PPE?

a. Check PPE for signs of wear and tear

b. Ensure it's order of use
c. Ensure you have received training on how to use PPE correctly
d. All of the above

Q6. Which all of the following examples are not included in PPE?

a. Goggles & long pants

b. Lab coats
c. Contact lens
d. All of the above

Q7. What is the purpose of PPE?

a. To protect equipment from being compromised

b. To protect patient from spread of infection
c. To protect health care provider from acquiring of infection
d. To protect both health care provider & patient from being infected

Q8. Which PPE should be used when there is risk of splashing injury?

a. Gloves
b. Gloves & apron of PPE
c. Gloves, apron & face mask
d. Gloves, apron, face mask & eye shield

09. When should health care worker wear a gown?

a. While giving bath

b. While administration medication
c. For dressing
d. While exposure to body fluid

Q10. Who make's choice to wear PPE when required?

a. You
b. Your company
c. Your supervisor
d. OSHA

011. Who is responsible to provide needed PPE's?

a. Health care worker

b. Your company
c. OSHA
d. Both b & c
Q12. Which of the following are hand protective equipment?

a. Gloves
b. Armlets
c. Wrist cuff
d. All of the above

Q13 How should management react towards non-compliant behavior on PPE?

a. Training on PPE's
b. Issue appropriate equipment of PPE
c. Conduct competition or other incentives.
d. All of the above

Q14. Which PPE in a hospital setting is mostly used for patient?

a. Surgical mask
b. Sterile gloves
c. An eye shield
d. Non-sterile disposable gloves

Q15. Are latex gloves or non sterile gloves re-useable?

a. May be reused only if they have not been permeated

b. May be reused as long as they are clean
c. Should never be reused
d. Both a & b
Q16. Which is most effective method of preventing infection?

a. Avoid sick people

b. Proper hand washing
c. Use of PPE
d. Both b & c

Q17. In which of the following, is it unnecessary to wear clean non sterile gloves?

a. Handling blood secretion & excretion

b. Lab specimen
c. Transporting patient
d. Washing instrument

Q18. At which distance the surgical mask should wear to prevent droplet infection?

a. 6 feet of patient
b. 5 feet of patient
c. 4 feet of patient
d. 3 feet of patient

Q19. When should gloves be removed?

a. After use
b. Before going to another patient
c. Before touching non contaminated item
d. All of the above
Q20. Which one of the PPE is useful in patient receiving medical treatment for mycoplasma
pneumonia with naso-tracheal suction?

a. Gloves & mask

b. Gloves, gown, goggles & masks
c. Goggles & mask
d. Gloves & goggles

Q21. In what order would you remove PPE?

a. Gloves then masks
b. Goggles then masks
c. Gloves, goggles, gown then mask
d. Gloves, mask goggles then gown

Q22. Who should provide guidelines when selecting PPE?

a. Board of director
b. Govt. agencies
c. Employees
d. Police

Q23. Which practice must be implemented to prevent any injury or hazard?

a. Regular monitoring
b. Procedure that ensure proper disposal of waste
c. Implementing correct technique
d. All of the above

Q24. What are five main areas of personal protection area needed & revised by PPE standard
(1994)

a. Foot, head, eye, face

b. Head, foot, leg, ear
c. Big toe, eye, head, knee
d. Nose, eye, head, thigh, face

Q25. What area of PPE are considered clean versus contaminated when removing PPE, select
the areas that are considered clean vs contaminated while removing PPE?

a. Ties on gown
b. Outside of mask
c. Back of gown
d. Inside the gloves

Q26. Which practice is important to reduce the transmission of the infectious agent?

a. Washing your hand after using toilet

b. Washing your hand when they are visibly soiled
c. Carrying out hand hygiene frequently using correct technique
d. None of them
Q27. Which hazard occurs most frequently posses the necessity of donning PPE?

a. Radiological hazard
b. Chemical hazard
c. Mechanical hazard
d. All of the above

Q28. Which is an important element of PPE program to provide information needed, to select
appropriate PPE for any hazard?

a. Observation
b. Feedback technique
c. In-service program
d. All of the above

Q29. When is a reassessment of workplace hazard needed?

a. When new equipment is introduced

b. Reviewing appropriateness of previously selected PPE
c. Upward trend in accident statistics
d. All of the above

Q30. What you can do if you find PPE to be too uncomfortable?

a. Ask employer for an alternative or suggest a different method

b. You should refuse to wear
c. You should arrange your own PPE
d. None of the above

ANSWERS
SECTION B

QUESTION NO. ANSWERS

1 B

2 D

3 D

4 A

5 D

6 C

7 D

8 D

9 D

10 C

11 B

12 A

13 D

14 D

15 C

16 D

17 C

18 D

19 D

20 D

21 C

22 B

23 D

24 A

25 A

26 C

27 D

28 D

29 A

30 C
 APPENDIX-3
STRUCTURED TEACHING
APPENDIX-4
PERMISSION LETTER
APPENDIX-5
TEACHING
 APPENDIX-6
CONSENT FORM

CODE NO.

I………………………………………. here by give my consent for my participation in the study titled

“A pre experimental study to assess the effectiveness of

structured teaching program on knowledge regarding Personal Protective
Equipment used in clinical area among Nursing students at Amar Professional
college of Nursing, Dayalpura, District Mohali, Punjab.”

I have been explained about the study and I am ready to participate in the study.

DATE:-

Signature of Participant-
 APPENDIX -7

To Whom it may Concern

This is to certify that I have validated the tool for Research title mentioned below of group-2
for the partial fulfillment of Requirement of the degree of B.Sc. Nursing of Baba Farid
University of Health Science, Faridkot, Punjab.

Statement of the Problem-

“A pre-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of
structured teaching program on knowledge regarding Personal Protective
Equipment used in clinical area among Basic B.sc Nursing 1 st semester students of
Amar Professional college of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mo hali, Punjab.”

Signature-
Date-
Name of Expert-
Designation-
 APPENDIX-8
List of the experts
DR. BABITA SOOD Principal
M,Sc. in Medical Surgical Nursing,
Amar Professional College Of Nursing, Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab
Mrs. AVINASH KAUR Vice Principal
M.Sc. in Mental Health Nursing,
Amar Professional College Of Nursing, Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab
MRS. SHABNAM JEET KAUR
M.Sc. in Mental Health Nursing
Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab.
Mrs. Harkeerat
M.Sc. in Mental Health Nursing
Amar Professional College Of Nursing, Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab
Mrs. Poonam
M.Sc. in Gynaecology,
Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab
Mrs. Priya Guleria
M.Sc. in Child Health Nursing,
Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab