Summative (Science)

SUMMATIVE ASSESMENT
Criteria B and C
Research question: How does adding different masses of salt (an

impurity) affect the boiling point of water.
Hypothesis (Educational guess): If more salt is added to water, then
the boiling point of the water will increase. This is because dissolved
salt disrupts the intermolecular force between water molecules,
requiring more energy (high temperatures) to overcome these forces
and cause the water to boil.
Independent variable (IV): Mass of salt (2g,4g,6g,8g,10g)
Dependant variable (DV): Boiling point temperature of the solution.
Controlled variable (CV): Volume of distilled water(100ml), Heating
rate, Type of salt (NaC
Materials Needed
1. Distilled water (100 ml )
2. Table salt (NaCl)
3. Electronic balance
4. Heat source (Bunsen Burner, hot plate )
5. Thermometer (Electric)
6. Stirring rod
7. Beakers
Procedure
1. To conduct a salt experiment , pour 100 ml of distilled water
into beakers
2. Measure out the masses of salt (2g,4g,6g,8g,10g) using an
electronic balance.
3. Add the salt to each beaker.
4. Stir until completely dissolved.
5. Place the beakers on a heat source and heat them at a consistent
rate.
6. Use a thermometer to monitor the temperature of each solution.
7. Note the boiling point.
8. Record the data.
9. Repeat the experiment 5 times for accuracy.
10. Calculate the average boiling point for each salt mass.
Safety rules and precautions
1. Always wear your gloves and goggles.
2. Keep your hands away from the fire.
3. Tie your hair up and avoid wearing dangling jewellery that could
get caught in the equipment
4. Do not eat or drink in the lab to accidently ingest chemicals that
could harm you.
5. Do not touch anything hot or go near anything hot so that you
can avoid getting burned.
6. Keep your workplace clean and free from clutter to minimize the
risk of accidents
7. Always have an adult with you to help with the hot equipment
and in case anything goes wrong.
DATA TABLE FOR THE EXPERIMENT
Mass of BOILING POINT OF WATER Average
salt
0g 100.1 99.9 99.8 100 100 99.96
2g 100.3 100.5 101.0 100.4 100.4 100.52
4g 101.0 101.3 100.9 101.2 101.8 101.24
6g 101.2 101.4 101.6 101.7 101.1 101.40
8g 101.7 102.0 102.2 102.3 101.9 102.02
10g 103.3 103.7 103.0 103.6 103.4 103.40
CONCULSION
 The results clearly show that as the mass of salt added to the water
increased, the boiling point temperature of the solution also
increased. This trend supports the original hypothesis. The addition
of salt disrupts the intermolecular forces between water molecules,
requiring more energy (higher temperature) for the solution to
reach its boiling point. The data supports the original hypothesis
that increasing the mass of the dissolved salt in water will cause an
elevation in the boiling point temperature. This trend observed
aligns with the scientific principle that dissolved solutes disrupt the
intermolecular force in water, requiring more energy to overcome
these forces and reach boiling point.
EVALUATION OF HYPOTHESIS
The hypothesis “If the mass of salt added to distilled water increases,
then the boiling point of the water will also increase “is supported by
the experimental data, which shows a clear positive correlation
between the mass of the dissolved salt and the boiling point
temperature. increasing the mass of dissolved salt in water leads to an
increase in the boiling point of the solution.
EVALUATION OF METHOD
The method used in this experiment was generally effective in
investigating the research question. Multiple trials were conducted for
each salt mass and the average boiling point temperature were
calculated to improve accuracy. However, there are some potential
sources of error and limitation
1. Measurement error: Small errors in measuring the masses of salt

or reading the thermometer could introduce inaccuracies.
2. Heating rate: Variation in the heating rate among trial could
affect the boiling point temperatures.
IMPROVEMENTS
1. Use a more precise electronic balance and thermometer to
reduce measurement errors.
2. Increase the number of trials for each salt mass to improve
statistical significance.
3. We could have explored different types of solutes on boiling
point elevation.

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SUMMATIVE ASSESMENT

Research question: How does adding different masses of salt (an

1. Measurement error: Small errors in measuring the masses of salt

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