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C Tutorial

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michal hana
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33 views

C Tutorial

Uploaded by

michal hana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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6/16/24, 10:54 AM C Tutorial

C Tutorial

C Tutorial
C programming is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative computer
programming language developed in 1972 by Dennis M. Ritchie at the Bell Telephone
Laboratories to develop the UNIX operating system. C is the most widely used
computer language. It keeps fluctuating at number one scale of popularity along with
Java programming language, which is also equally popular and most widely used
among modern software programmers.

Why to Learn C Programming?


C programming language is a MUST for students and working professionals to
become a great Software Engineer specially when they are working in Software
Development Domain. Here are some of the important reasons why you should learn
C Programming −

It is a structured programming language and you can use the skills learned in
C to master other programming languages.
You can use C program to write efficient codes and develop robust projects.
C is a low-level language and you can use it to interact more directly with the
computer's hardware and memory.

Facts about C
C is the most widely used and popular System Programming Language. Most of the
state-of-the-art software have been implemented using C. Here are some facts about
the C language:

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C was invented to write an operating system called UNIX. The UNIX OS was
totally written in C.
C is a successor of B language which was introduced around the early 1970s.
The language was formalized in 1988 by the American National Standard
Institute (ANSI).

Hello World using C Programming


Just to give you a little excitement about C programming, I'm going to give you a
small conventional C Programming Hello World program. You can run it here using
the "Edit and Run" button.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

/* my first program in C */
printf("Hello, World! \n");

return 0;
}

Applications of C Programming
C was initially used for system development work, particularly the programs that
make-up the operating system. C was adopted as a system development language
because it produces code that runs nearly as fast as the code written in assembly
language. Some examples of the use of C are -

Operating Systems

Language Compilers
Assemblers

Text Editors
Print Spoolers

Network Drivers
Modern Programs

Databases

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Language Interpreters

Utilities

Audience
This tutorial is designed for software programmers with a need to understand the C
programming language starting from scratch. This C tutorial will give you enough
understanding on C programming language from where you can take yourself to
higher level of expertise.

Prerequisites
Before proceeding with this tutorial, you should have a basic understanding of
Computer Programming terminologies. A basic understanding of any of the
programming languages will help you in understanding the C programming
concepts and move fast on the learning track.

FAQs on C Programming
There are some very Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ) about C, this section tries to
answer them briefly.

Is C Programming still relevant today?

C programming came into being in 1972. After more than 5 decades, C is still one of
the most popular languages that ranks consistently in the top three. Since C can
directly interact with the hardware, it is primarily used in low-level applications such
as building operating systems, device drivers, embedded systems, networking etc.
Therefore, C programming skills are very much in demand, in this age also. One’s
career prospects will definitely brighter if he has a good proficiency in C
programming.

What are the applications of C Programming?

C is a general-purpose programming language; therefore, it can be used to develop


any type of applications. However, its ability to interact with the hardware makes it
more suitable for developing system utilities, compilers and device drivers.
C is predominantly used in building embedded systems and networking applications.
C is significantly faster as compared to languages like Java or Python because it is

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directly compiled to the machine code. Hence, it is used in development of gaming


applications.
C is a versatile programming language that can be useful in development of a variety
of software applications.

Is C Programming difficult to learn for beginners?

C is considered to be one of the easiest programming languages to learn for


beginners. You can learn programming in C with the help of many online resources,
such as the C tutorial provided by TutorialsPoint cprogramming.
C does have a slightly steeper learning curve when you go towards advanced
concepts. For attaining a high level of proficiency in C, you need to be able to master
the features such as pointers, structures etc. Learning C allows you to build sound
foundation with which you can easily learn other programming technologies.

What are the advantages of learning C Programming?

Here are some of the main advantages of learning C programming:


C is a compiled language. It is translated directly into the machine language. That’s
why the code execution is faster. Thus C offers better efficiency as compared to Java,
Python. This fature is advantageous in applications like system utilities, embedded
systems game development etc.
C is a general-purpose language. Hence, it can be used to develop a variety of
applications.
C code easily portable. C compilers are available on all the operating system
platforms. Hence, you can build an executable on relevant OS without many changes
to the code.
C is called as a middle-level language. It has all the advantages of a high level
language, plus it can perform low-level memory manipulations.
A good expertise in C lets you to learn other languages very easily.

What are the key features of C Programming that make it unique?

C programming language has a lot of important features that make it a unique


language.
Compiled language − Unlike many of the modern languages, C is a compiled
language. The compiler builds a machine level code that is directly executed by the
processor. Hence, it provides a better performance.
Pointer mechanism − C has the ability to directly access the computer’s memory
through its pointer mechanism. This leads to its ability to control the hardware – a
feature that is useful in developing system utilities and embedded systems.

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Functions − You can develop an application in a structured and modular manner


with the help of functions. The mechanism of calling functions can be easily plugged
into one another.
Extensible − C has the feature of defining a new data type by combining any of the
built-in types. You can thus simulate real-life data structures with C code.
Library functions − C software is bundled with a large library of utility functions
and macros. There are library functions for IO operations, string handling,
mathematical and statistical functions, time related functions etc.

What are the differences between C and other programming languages?

Every programming language has its own characteristic features and difference with
others. Here are some of the key points of difference between C and other
languages:
C is a compiled language, whereas programming languages like Python, Java and
JavaScript are interpreted languages.
C is a statically typed language. On the other hand, Python and JavaScript are
dynamically typed languages.
C is an imperative and procedural language. It doesn’t support classes and objects.
Modern languages are primarily object-oriented.
C doesn’t have automatic garbage collection mechanism, which is provided by many
other languages like Java and Python.

How can learning C Programming benefit my career?

A reasonable proficiency in C can be of a lot of advantage for anybody who wants to


build a career in software development. C being a general-purpose language, you
can use it in different practice projects. C is an open-source language. You can also
contribute to open source software development project, that will give you lot of
exposure.
A C programmer can pursue a successful career in embedded system development
and gaming field. C language acts as a gateway to the software development field,
as you can diversify into other programming technologies.

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