C ONH 2 C OO

HY A L UR ONIC A C ID DE R MA T A N B L OOD G R OUP A L G INA T E S O-A NT IG E NS S TAR CH G LY C OG E N + O O C OO

P G LY C OP R OT E INS S UB S T A NC E S C H 2 C OO OH
+
N
R ibos e
O O
Adenos ine(P )
N
R ibos e -O-P -O-P -O -Adenos ine + NIC OT INA T E C OO C OO

O G A NG L IOS IDE S P E P T IDO- C H 2 OH C H 2 OH

-O - P - O - P - O- N
11 + C OO
MUC INS G LY C A N C H C HIT IN C HONDR OIT IN P E C T IN INUL IN C E L L UL OS E O O NH NH O O O O R ibos e- P 2. 4. 2. N N RP

L 2 OH HO Indoleac etate Indoxyl + 6.3.5.1 2.7.7.18

Quinolinate- A
O
O O O (A uxin) NA D( P ) 6.3.1.5 Des amino-NA D Nic otinate- 2.4.2.19
Y C HOH
O
C OO - 6.3.2.7-10
C OO - 2.4.1.68
2.4.1.69
1.1.1.132 HO C H 3
OH OH OH
1.2.3.7
nuc leotide nuc leotide R
AcNH 2.4.2.19
S C HOH
C H 2 OH 2.4.99.7 6.3.2.13 HO O OP P U HO OH OP P U C H3
O OP P T
2.4.1.29
OH OH
HO
+
C H 2 C H(NH 3)C OO HO C H 2 C H 2 NH 2 HO C H 2 C H 2 NHC OC H 3 C H 3O C H 2 C H 2 NHC OC H 3 C OO O
OP C 2.4.1.17 L A C TOS E
A C H 3C H NHAC
UDP -
OH
HO HO OP P G
T DP -R hamnos e
OH OH
C H 2OH
C H 2 C HO
NH NH NH NH N
C OO
M
C HO C OO- G DP - 2.4.1.21 O NH NH
5-Hydroxy- 4.1.1.28
5-Hydroxytryptamine 2.3.1.5
N-A c etyl-s erotonin 2.1.1.4
N-A c etyl-5-O-methyl-s erotonin Quinolinate A
UDP -N-A c -Muramate Iduronate OH
Mannuronate C H3
2.4.1.1
etc.
2.4.1.11 HO
2.4.1.21 3.2.1.23 Indole- Indole (S E R OTONIN) (ME L A TONIN)
C G DP -F uc os e O tryptophan T
C MP -N-A c etyl OH OH 2.7.1.38 ac etaldehyde 1.14.16.4
H neuraminate
HO
C H 2 OH
O C OO 5.1.3.12
C H 2 OH
O
5.1.3.13 O
OH OP P T OH 4.1.1.43 +
+
C OO
I
+ C O C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO C OO
A C HOH
C HOH
O
C OO
2.4.1.16
C OO -
4.2.1.47 2.4.1.33
OH A DP - C H 2OH G A L A C TOS E
C H 2 C OC OO
C O C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
C HO
C O C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
NH 2 NH 2 OC H OC H NH 2
C
AcNH NH 2
R C H 2 OH OH OP P U O
HO OH HO OP P G C H 2 OH
O
T DP -4-Oxo- G luc os e
O
C H 2 OH 4.1.99.1 NH
3.5.1.9
NH 2 OH OH C OO C OO
K ynurenine 1.14.13.9 3-Hydroxy
OH
OH 2.7.7.43 HO 6-deoxygluc os e 2.7.1.6
NH
F ormylkynurenine 3.7.1.3
3-Hydroxy 1.13.11.6 2-A mino-3-c arboxy 4.1.1.45
2-A minomuc onate-
I 3.1.3.29
1.1.1.158 C H 2 OH
O
NHC OC H 3 G DP -Mannos e HO OH OP P U HO
O
Indolepyruvate kynurenine anthranilate muc onate s emialdehyde 6-s emialdehyde A
OH OP P U
D HO UDP -N-A c - C H 2 OH
HO OH HO OH
G DP -G luc os e HO OH OP 2.4.1.22 1.13.11.11 C OO H H C atec hol M
N-A c -Neuraminate G alac tos amine OH
UDP -G luc os e
E

1.
HO O
UDP -
O
MA NNOS E + C OO
I

4.
(S ialate) OP P U 2.7.7.13 4.2.1.46 OH C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO NH C C C H C H 2O P 1.2.1.32

1.
C -C H(OH)C H(OH)C H 2 O P
S
C H2 C C OO
1. 1. 1. 22 G alac tos e-P C H 2 C H 2 NH 2 HOC -C H(OH)C H(OH)C H 2 OP C OO

19
C H 2O P
C OO
NHAC
O G alac turonate 2.7.1.7 2.7.7.27 NH
CH CH OH OH NH 2
1.14.12.1 N
O HO OH HO O P C H 2 OH NH 4.2.1.20 N N O
H H NH 2
UDP -N-A c -
3.1.3.29 5.1.3.7 Mannos e-1-P
T DP -G luc os e
2.7.7.34 2.7.7.9 HO
O
T ryptamine
4.1.1.28
T R Y P TOP HA N Indole-3-glyc erol-P 1-(o-C arboxy phenylamino)
4.1.1.48
N-(5-P -R ibos yl)
2.4.2.18
A nthranilate
OOC
OOC O
AC NH
HO OH G luc os amine
4.1.3.20 HO OH OP P U 5.1.3.6 C H 2O P
O
5.1.3.2
C OO 1-deoxyribulos e-5-P anthranilate 2-A mino
OH 2.7.7.10
pyruvate OH 2.7.7.12 OH OP P U OC
HO
muc onate
N-A c -Mannos amine-6-P UDP -G luc uronate 5.4.2.8
HO OH HO OH
2.7.7.24 C H 2 OH
O OH P OC H 2 C H 2
C OO C OO C OO
C OO C OO C OO
4.1.3.27
OOC C H 2 C OC OO
A
C H 2 OH
C H 2 OH
O
C H 2 OH
O 4.1.3.20 O
C H 2O P
O
HOC H HC OH
C OH OH HO OH
C H2 C H2
C
OH O-C -C OO
H 2.7.1.60 Mannos e-6-P 2.4.1.13 C H 2O P HO OH OP UDP -G alac tos e H OH
4.6.1.3
O OH
4.2.1.10
O
OH
1.1.1.25
OH
2.7.1.71
P O
OH
2.5.1.19
P O
OH OH OC -C OO
5.4.99.5
OH I
S hikimate-5 4.6.1.4
AC NH
HO OH OH HO OH OP P U HO OH OP HO OH O HO 3-Deoxy-D-arabino- Dehydro- Dehydro- S hikimate S hikimate-3-P C horis mate P rephenate D
E OH 2.4.1.9
heptulos onate-7-P quinate s hikimate PEP
enolpyruvate 3-P
X
NHAC NHC OC H 3 5.4.2.3
N-A c -G luc os amine-6-P
NHC OC H 3 G luc os e-1-P O O
OH C H 2 C OC OO
+
C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO C H 2 C H(NH 3 ) C OO
+
S
N-A c -Mannos amine UDP -N-A c -G luc os amine N-A c -G luc os amine-1-P HO OH OH C H 2 OH
O C H 2 C OO
C H 2 C OC OO
4.2.1.51
2. 3. 1.
O 5.1.3.14
C OO
2.7.7.23
OH OH OH H H OH
4 NH 2
-OOC
O
C H 2 C OO
O
C H 2 C OO
1.3.1.13
S OH
5.3.1.8 G luc os amine-6-P HO OH OH
C OO OH OH OH
F umaryl 5.2.1.2 Maleyl 1.13.11.5 Homogentis ate
O C C C CO C H 2 OH 1.13.11.27 2.6.1.5 1.14.16.1 2.6.1.5
OH HOC H 2 Hydroxyphenyl T Y R OS INE P HE NY L A L A NINE P henylpyruvate
E OH H OH OH OP
OH OH H OH
ac etoac etate ac etoac etate pyruvate 4. 3. 1.
5
C OO -
1.3.1.13 1.3.1.13
S HOC H 2 C C C C HO OH OH HO OH HO OH
OH
F ruc tos e S UC R OS E 3.2.1.26 3.2.1.48
G L UC OS E C HOHC H 2 NHC H 3 C HOHC H 2 NH 2 C H 2 C H 2 NH 2
+
C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO-
H OH H H OH OH 4 .1
G ulonate
1.1.1.19
G luc uronate
1.13.99.1
Inos itol
3.1.3.25
Inos itol-P 5.5.1.4
.1 .2
5
C H 2 C H 2 NH 2 C H=C HC OO C
OH H OH OH OH H OH 5.4.2.2 OH OH OH OH Ubiquinone C innamate A
OH H OH OH 1. 1. 1.
21
ATP OH OH OH OH
1.14.16.2
Menaquinone
3.1.1.18 HOC H 2 C
H
C C
H
C
H
CO HOC H 2 C
H
C C
H
CO CO
HOC H 2 C C C C CO 1.1.1.14 H H OH H C H 2O P
O
3.1.3.9 2.7.1.2 E pinephrine 2.1.1.28
Norepinephrine 1.14.17.1
Dopamine 4.1.1.28
Dopa
+
C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO
OH
T yramine 1.14.13.11 T
2.7.1.1
O O H O HOC H 2 C C C C C H 2 OH
2.6.1.16 (A drenaline)
C HOHC H 2 NH 2
(Noradrenaline)
HN O E
G ulonolac tone 1.1.3.8 2-Oxogulonolac tone A S C OR B A T E OH OH H OH O A DP .1 .6
1.10.2.1
S orbitol
2. 7 HO OH C H 2 OP 2 .1
1.14.18.1 H2 I I C H=C HC OO
C oumarate
C
1.1.1.45
OH H OH OH H OH H
1.10.3.3 . 1. 1.1.1.49 α-T oc opherol O C
O
HOC H 2 C C CO C C OO - C O C OO -
4 OH
O
C H(OH)C OO OH
OC H 3
C HOHC H 2 OH C H-C OO O
H
H OH H
HOC H 2 C
H
C
OH
CO HOC H 2 C
H
C CO
O
CO CO
2.7.1.3 P -G luc ono G luc os e-6-P Normetepinephrine
(V itamin E )
O
+
NH 3 O
OH
O
1.1.1.130 .1 7
P 3-Dehydrogulonate 2, 3-Dioxogulonate Dehydroas c orbate .1 lac tone HO OH OH OC H 3 (Normetadrenaline) OC H 3 Dopaquinone I I

E
H H OH H
C C OO -
3 .1
NADP + OH OH
1 .4
.3 .4 OH O NH OH L
P OC H 2 C C C 1.14.18.1
N
OH H OH H H OH H H
5.3.1.8 5.3.1.9 4-OH-3-Methoxy- 4-OH-3-Methoxy- P las toquinone ME L A NIN T HY R OXINE L IG NIN T annins P lant P igments A
6-P -G luc onate NA DP H
OH OH H OH
HOC H 2 C C C C HO HOC H 2 C C C C HO HOC H 2 C C C O C H 2 OH
H H OH
D-mandelate phenylglyc ol M
T H OH H OH OH H OH OH

O L -Xylos e 4.1.1.34 D-A rabinos e 5.3.1.3

D-R ibulos e 2.7.1.47 HOC H 2 C C C CO C H 2O P NADP +
H H HO
C H 2O P
O NHC OC H 2 NH 2 NH N
OOC -C H-C H 2 C OO
O
I
NH OOC
S OH H H OH H OH H
OH OH H
F ruc tos e-1-P
1.1.1.44
2.2.1.1 P OC H 2 C C C C O C H 2 OH H 2C C HO H 2C C HO
HC
N
CH
C
CH
HNC O C N
CH H 2N
C
C
N
CH
N
E HOC H 2 C C C C H 2 OH HOC H 2 C C CO C H 2 OH P OC H 2 C C CO C H 2 OH
H H H NA DP H
OH OH H
OH OH
OC
NH
RP
HN C
NH
RP
H 2N C
N
RP H2N
C
N
RP
H 2N C
N
RP H 2N
C N RP E
H OH OH H OH
2.7.1.53
H OH 5.1.3.1 F ruc tos e-6-P G lyc inamide- 2.1.2.2 F ormyl 6.3.5.3 F ormyl 6.3.3.1 5-A mino 4.1.1.21 5-A mino-4-imidazole 6.3.2.6 5-A mino-4-imidazole 4.3.2.2 5-A minoimidazole S
S L -A rabitol L -Xylulos e L -Xylulos e-5-P HOC H 2 C C C C H 2 OH H H
ribos yl-P glyc inamide-R P glyc inamidine-R P imidazole-R P c arboxylate-R P (N-s uc c inylc arboxamide)-R P c arboxamide-R P
O
C C N
OH OH H H OH H H OH H OH OH OH
R ibitol
P OC H 2 C C C O C H 2 OH ATP H2N
HC O C
CH

HOC H 2 C C C C HO HOC H 2 C C C C H 2 OH HOC H 2 C C C C HO OH OH H H 2.7.1.11 NH

O
NH O
2.1.2.3 NH N RP
H 2 NC ONH 2 H 2N C OO NH 2 H2N OC C N O N
H H OH 1.1.1.10 OH H OH OH H OH D-R ibulos e-5-P P OC H 2 C C C HO 3.1.3.11 CO HN C CO HN
C
C
C
Inos ine F ormylamido-
5 .3 2.7.1.47 A DP 6.3.4.13 Urea OC C
CO
OC C OC C CH HN C CH 3. 2. 2.
2 3. 1. 3.
5 imidazole-
L -A rabinos e .1 .4 Xylitol D-Xylos e H H H OH OH
N H NH N H NH N NH OC C HC C
OH H H OH OH OH OH HOC H 2 C C C C HO 5.1.3.1
E rythros e-4-P 3.5.3.4 H
3.5.2.5
H
1.7.3.3
H
1.1.1.204
NH
1.1.3.22
NH N NH
2.4.2.1 c arboxamide-R P
OH OH OH
H H HO
+ A llantoate A llantoin UR A T E 1.1.3.22 Xanthine Hypoxanthine 3.5.4.10 O
HOC H 2 C C C C HO HOC H 2 C C C O C H 2 OH P OC H 2 C C CO C H 2 OH P OC H 2 C C C C O C H 2O P C H 2 (NH 3 )C OOH NH 2 C N
N
D-R ibos e .1 .4
NH 2
N N HN C
H OH OH H H
L -R ibulos e 2.7.1.16 L -R ibulos e-5-P
H H
5.1 .3. 4 5.3.1.6
H OH OH OH H
2 .6 .1 0 G LY C INE N CH O O O HC
CH NH 2 N
C
OOC -C H-C H 2 C OO
HC C
CH
P
L -L yxos e C C C O C H 2 OH .1 20 N N NC N N RP
H OH 2 .7
P OC H 2 4.1.2.-
2.2.1.2 F ruc tos e- C H 2O P
O NH 2 1 .4
1.
1.
O HC
N N -O P ~O P ~O P O C H
2 O HC C
CH NH
C N
INOS INE -P U
1 .1 .1 OH H
2. O P O C H2 O N R P (P ) F umarate A s partate
.9 HOC H 2 C C CO C H 2 OH
.1 .1
5 D-Xylulos e-5-P 1: 6-bis -P OOC C H 2 NHC H 3
O O O N N
HC
C
C
CH (IMP ) R
S arc os ine OH OH 2.7.4.3
OH H
D-Xylulos e
2.7.1 .17 OH OH
G lyoxylate
O
OH
4.6 .1. 1 ATP 2.7.4.6
A DP
2.7.4.4 4.3.2.2
N NH R P
A denylo- 6.3.4.4 O
C N
I
P -R ibos yl 1.5.99.2 A DE NOS INE -P N
C yc lic A MP (A MP ) s uc c inate 3.1.4.6
HN C CH
H+
H H H amine 1.4.4.2 1.17.4.1 1.1.1.205 OC C
N RP E
H+ PHOTO- H+ P OC H 2 C C C C HO
H H H OH
OOC C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 2 d-A DP A denine 2.4.2.1
N
H
H+
2H+ yclic Ph
otophosphoryla SYSTEM
tion l
c
n-cycli electr
P OC H 2 C C C C C O C H 2O P 4.1.2.13 Dimethylglyc ine 2.7.4.6 3. 5. 4.
XA NT HOS INE -P S
No (electric curre on fl
OH OH OH 2.7.7.7 2.4.2.15
PHOTO-
SYSTEM C
2H+ H+ nt) o D-R ibos e-5-P S edoheptulos e-P P
OH OH OH H
2.1.1.5 2 .7 .7
.7 DNA 2. 7. 7. 7
d-G T P d-G DP 3 (XMP )
O
II
Ferredoxin 1 .1 G uanine 6.3.4.1 C N
w

H+ 7 .4 2. 4. 2.
P *- 2.2.1.1 OOC C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3
+
d-A T P 2 .7
.7 .7 d-C T P .1 1 6.3.5.2
HN
H 2N C
C CH

H 2e- PQ 2e-
2e H+ C
PQ
_
. P OC H 2C HOHC HO
B etaine F OL IC ATP 2.7.7.6
R NA 2.7.7.6
GTP 2.7.4.6
G DP 2.7.4.8
N N RP

O QB
PQH2 1e- 1e-
PQ
H+ 3-P -G lyc eraldehyde 1.2.1.8 2.1.2.1 A C ID 2 .7
T T P 2.7.4 1. 17 .4 G UA NOS INE -P
Fe-S NADP+ HOC H 2 C OC H 2 OP .7 .6
T PQH2 Cyt bf
Dihydroxy-
2.2.1.1
.1 + C1 .6
.1 (G MP )
5 .3 .1
QA 2.4.2.14 OHC C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3
O 2e- A1
H+
H+
ac etone-P Pi 6.3.4.7 B etaine P OOL NH 2
P
Pi 20 O 2 .7 T DP
O O C
S Pheophytin Cyt bc Chl.A0 (G lyc erone-P ) 5 .3 .1
.1 aldehyde 4.1.2.5 4. 2. 1. C O
.7 .6 C C N CH
Y
Y 2PQ ._ 2e-
2PQ NADPH+H+ NA D+
C H3
C H3
HN C H-C H 3
HN
C
C C H3
2 .7
.4 .9 HN
C -C H 3
CH 2.1.1.45
HN CH
OC CH
P680
Chl.a 2PQH2 P700 Pi ADP
2.7.1.28 1.1.99.1 H 2 NC ONHC H 2 C HC OO
OC CH2
OC CH
OC
N OC CH
N DP
N
DP R
N 2e-
2e-
Fe-S 2e- Cyt.f
PC
H+
Glyceraldehyde
+
HOC H 2 C H 2 N (C H 3) 3
H 2 NC H 2 C HC OO
3-A mino- ß-Ureido
NH
Dihydro
NH
T hymine
2.4.2.4
DP
d-UMP
3.5.4.12
d-C MP
2.7.4.14
d-C DP I
T Mn H+
H+
1.2.1.12 C HOL INE 3.5.1.6 3.5.2.2 1.3.1.2 T HY MIDINE -P
PC PC
Ribulose-1,5-bis-P is obutyrate is obutyrate thymine O
M
α
α α

1.2.1.13 + O 2 .4 .2 NH 2
Pi
1

H 4H + HOC H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO 2. 1 C C C
a

.4
NA DH 4.2.1.22 . 1. HN C H2 HN CH
8
I
β

H+ H+ H+ A DP N CH 1.17.4.1
S E R INE
8

H 2O Translocated protons
2

13
E
β

H+ C H2
CO2 OC OC CH CH
1

2.6.1.51 H 2 NC ONHC H 2 C H 2 C OO OC
H+ H+ 4.1.1.11
S H+
H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ C H 2O P H 2 NC H 2 C H 2 C OO NH N H NH D
3
3

H+ γ O
P OC H 2C HOHC OO P 1.4.1.7 3.5.1.6 C arbamoyl 3.5.2.2 Dihydro- 1.3.1.2 3.5.4.1 C DP
ATP Fixation ß-A lanine Urac il C ytos ine
I O2 Protons from Water H+ H+ H+
1: 3-bis -P -G lyc erate ß-alanine urac il NH 2
I
H+

εε
2

H+
c

2.7.6.1
2

H+ H+ H+ β2 HOC H 2 C OC OO -OOC O O C
O
H+ C H 2.7.4.6
α

H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ O
α

OP OP 3.1.3.3 O C
S H+ H+
Hydroxy- NH
2 C H2
C C HN
C
CH C HN CH N
N
3

THYLAKOID LUMEN
OH OH C H2 CH HN CH CH
α

HN OC
ATP ATP HN 2.4.2.9
H+

THYLAKOID MEMBRANE P -R ibos yl-P P pyruvate OC

N
C H-C OO
OC C H-C OO OC C -C OO OC C -C OO OC N C H
OC
N
CH N
E
β

+ N R PPP RPPP
ATP synthase A DP P OC H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO H NH NH RP RP 6.3.4.2
A DP C arbamoyl Dihydro Orotate Orotidine-P Uridine-P UDP UR IDINE - C Y T IDINE - S
STROMA 3.6.1.34 P hos pho- 3.5.2.3 4.1.1.23 (UMP ) 2.7.4.4
CHLOROPLAST OUTER MEMBRANE 2.7.2.3 s erine as partate orotate 1.3.1.14 2.4.2.10 2.7.4.6 triphos phate triphos phate
1.1.1.29 (UT P ) (C T P )
C OO
HO HO
C OO ATP 2.6.1.52
2.6.1.22
NH 2 NH 2
C OO H H H H H H H H H H C ONH 2
+ C N OC N N H H
γ-L inolenate
1.14.99.25 1.13.11.34 P OC H 2 C C C C N C CH P OC H 2 C C C C NH C CH P OC H 2 C C CO C H2 NH C CH
P OC H2C HOH C OO
L inoleate A rac hidonate L eukotriene B 4 OH 1.1.1.95
P OC H 2 C OC OO
HC C HC C HC C P OC H 2 C C C CH
C OO 5. O
3-P -G lyc erate P -Hydroxy- OH OH
N N OH OH
N N OH OH
N N
1 .1 3 . 9 9 C OO O R P (P P ) O RP RP OH OH HN N
1.3.1.35 4 .9 . 3
C OO pyruvate 3.6.1.31 3.5.4.19 C
9 .1 O 2.4.2.17
P -R ibos yl-A T P P -R ibos yl-A MP P -R ibos ylformimino P -R ibulos ylformimino Imidazole H
C OS C oA
L C O-S -AC P
HO OH 5.3.99.5
HO
OH 2.7.1.31 5-aminoimidazole- 5.3.1.16 5-aminoimidazole- glyc erol-P
HC C C H 2 C HC OO
I Oleoyl-C oA P almitoleoyl-A C P P ros taglandin P G E2 T hromboxane B 2 P OC H2 C H(O P ) C OO + c arboxamide-R P +
c arboxamide-R P+
HOC H2C H(OH) C OO N NH NHC OC H 2 C H 2 NH 2 HC C C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO + HC C C H 2 C OC H 2 OP
1.14.99.5 2, 3-Diphos pho- 5.4.2.1 HC C C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C HO HC C C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C H 2 OH HC C C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C H 2 OP
P C OS C oA C H 3 (C H 2 ) 14 C H=C HC OS -C oA C H 3 (C H 2 ) 14 C H(OH)C H 2 C OS -C oA C H 3 (C H 2 ) 14 C OC H 2 C OS -C oA
glyc erate G lyc erate C
H C arnos ine N
CH
NH
N NH N NH N NH
N
C
NH
4.2.1.19

I S tearoyl-C oA Dehydros tearoyl-C oA OH-S tearoyl-C oA Oxos tearoyl-C oA C H 3C OO

CH CH CH H
C H 3 (C H 2 ) 14 C OC H 2 C OS -C oA
HIS T IDINE His tidinal His tidinol His tidinol-P Imidazole
D E ndoplas mic R etic ulum ACE TATE 4.1.1.22 1.1.1.23 1.1.1.23 3.1.3.15 2.6.1.9
ac etol-P
C H 3 (C H 2 ) 14 C OS -AC P C H 3 (C H 2 ) 14 C OS C oA HOC H2C H(O P ) C OO HC C C H 2 C H 2 NH 2
4.3.1.3
C hain elongation Mitoc hondrial
P almitoyl-A C P P almitoyl-C oA 2-P -G lyc erate OOC C HC H 2 C H 2 C OO OC C HC H 2 C H 2 C OO CH C CH C HC OO
B C H 3 (C H 2 ) n C H=C HC OS -C oA C H 3 (C H 2 ) n C H(OH)C H 2 C OS AC P C H 3 (C H 2 ) n C OC H 2 C OS AC P
1.2.1.4
N
C
NH
HN NH N NH N NH 4.3.1.3
I 1.3.1.9 4.2.1.60 1.1.1.100
H HIS T A MINE CH
3.5.2.7 CH
4.2.1.49 CH
A C Y L -A C P 2, 3-E noyl-A C P 4.2.1.61
3-OH-A c yl-A C P 3-Oxoac yl-A C P C H 3 C H 2 OH
F ormimino Imidazolone Uroc anate
O 1.3.1.10 2.3.1.41
4.2.1.11 E T HA NOL 2 .3
glutamate propionate
2.1.3.2
S C H 3 (C H 2 ) 5 C H=C HC H 2 C OS AC P
4. 2. 1.
.1 .3
0
C H 3 (C H 2 ) 6 C H 2 C H 2 C OS AC P 3, 4-Dec enoyl-A C P 60 C H 3 (C H 2 ) 6 C H(OH)C H 2 C OS AC P C H 3 (C H 2 ) 6 C OC H 2 C OS AC P +
Y Dec anoyl-A C P 1. 3. 1. 3-OH-Dec anoyl-A C P
1.1.1.100
3-Oxo-Dec anoyl-A C P 1.1.1.1
C H 2 C O-OC H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
HS HS O - P hos phoadenylyl- A denylyls ulphate 2-
SO 4
9 C H 3 (C H 2 ) 6 C H=C HC OS AC P A c etyls erine
N 2, 3-Dec enoyl-A C P 4 .2 .1
.6 0 2.3.1.41 C H 2 =C (O P ) C OO C H 3 C HO +
1.8.99.1 1.8.99.2
s ulphate 2.7.1.25 (A P S ) 2.7.7.4
(P A P S )
T C H 3 (C H 2 ) 2 C H 2 C H 2 C OS AC P C H 3 (C H 2 ) 2 C H=C HC O-S -AC P C H 3 (C H 2 ) 2 C H(OH)C H 2 C OS AC P C H 3 (C H 2 ) 2 C OC H 2 C OS AC P P -enolpyruvate A c etaldehyde
S -C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
+
4 .2
.9 9 +
+
C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO +
1.1.1.100 .8 HS C H 2 C H(NH C H 3 S C H C H C H(NH )C OO
H Hexanoyl-A C P
1.3.1.9
2, 3-Hexenoyl-A C P
4.2.1.59
3-OH-Hexanoyl-A C P 3-Oxo-Hexanoyl-A C P
HS
S -C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO 3 )C OO
4.4.1.1
+
S C H 2 C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO 4.2.1.22
+
HS C H 2 C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
2.1.1.13
2 2 3
1.2.1.32
2.3.1.41
E C H 3 C H=C HC O.S -AC P C Y S T INE 1.6.4.1 C Y S T E INE
4.2.99.9
C ys tathionine 4.4.1.8
Homoc ys teine 2.1.1.14
ME T HIONINE
S C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 C OS AC P
1.3.1.9
C H 3 C H=C HC O-S -AC P
4.2.1.58
C H 3 C H(OH)C H 2 C OS -AC P
1.1.1.100
C H 3 C OC H 2 C OS AC P A DP .1 .1 1.13.11.20 Adenos yl
4 .1 4.4 .1.1 5 3.3.1.1 2.5.1.6
I B utanoyl-A C P C rotonoyl-A C P 3-OH-B utanoyl-A C P
C H 2 OH C H 2 OH
A c etoac etyl-A C P HOOC C H 2 C O-S -AC P
Malonyl-A C P 2.7.1.40 G lutamate
Adenos yl
+ +
C H 3 S C H C H C H(NH )C OO
+ S C H 2 C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO 2 2 3
S R -C H 2 C OO
HOC H HOC H
1.1.1.8 2.3.1.41
HO 2 S C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
+
HO 3 S C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
S -A denos yl
+
S -A denos yl
C H 3 (C H 2 ) n+2 C OS -C oA ATP 4.4 .1. 15 HS O 3- C ys teine C ys teate 2.1.1.10
6.2.1.3 3.1.2.20 F A T T Y A C ID C H 2 OH C H 2O P
2.3.1.39 .1 .2 s ulphinate 4 .1 6 .3 .2 homoc ys teine 2.1.1.20 methionine
A C Y L -C oA G lyc erol
2.7.1.30
3-P -G lyc erol K E TONE B ODIE S
3 .7 HO 2 S C H 2 C OC OO .1 .2
9
.2 +
C H 2S H (S A M)
(C ytos ol) 2.3 .1.1 5 3-S ulphinyl OOC C H(NH 3 )C H 2 C H 2 C ONHC HC OO
2.3. 1.51 C H 3 C OC H 3 C H 3 C H(OH)C H 2 C OO
HOOC C H 2 C O-S C oA P Y R UV A T E 1.4.1 .1 + pyruvate HO 2 S C H 2 C H 2 NH 2
1.8.1.3
HO 3 S C H 2 C H 2 NH 2 γ-G lutamylc ys teine
2.3.1.7
C H 2 O-C O-R A c etone 3-OH-B utyrate Malonyl-C o-A 1.2.4.1
2.6.1.2 C H 3 C H(NH 3 )C OO Hypotaurine T aurine G lyc ine
C arnitine 3.1.1.3 C H 2 O-C O-R C H 2 O-C O-R 2.3.1.12 A L A NINE 4.1.1.29 C H 2S H
2.7.8.5 4.1.2.5 + 6 .3 .2 +
R ’-C O-OC H .3
L O-A c yl-c arnitine C H 2 O-C O-R "
R ’-C O-OC H R ’-C O-OC H 4.1.1.4 1.1.1.30
C H 3 C O-S -AC P 4.1.1.9
1.8.1.4 4. 1. 3.
18
OOC C H 2C H 2 C OO C H 2 C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
S uc c inylhomos erine
OOC C H(NH 3 )C H 2 C H 2 C ONHC HC ONHC H 2 C OO
G lutathione
C H 2 OH 4.1.1.12
I T riac ylglyc erol Diac yl
C H 2O P C H 3 C OC H 2 C OO
A c etoac etate
A c etyl-A C P 1 .1 +
C H 3 C H(OH)C H(NH 3 )C OO + + B ile A c ids
P O-A c yl-c arnitine FAT 2.3.1.20 glyc erol 3.1.3.4 2.7.1.107
P hos phatidate .1 .2
7
2.6.1.18 P OC H 2 C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO HOC H 2 C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
3.1.2.11 2.3.1.38 O-P hos pho- Homos erine
T HR E ONINE HOC H 2 C (C H 3 ) 2 C OC OO
I 3.1.1.28 CH3COCOO- C H 3 C H(OH)C OO
4.2.99.2
homos erine
2.7.1.39 2.3.1.46 HC HO
4.1.2.12
Oxopantoate
D C H 3 (C H 2 ) n C H 2 C H 2 C OS C oA P Y R UV A T E LACTATE OHC C H 2 C OO -
4. 1. 3.
18 C H3 C H3
C H3
+
A C Y L -C oA C H 3 (C H 2 ) n C H=C HC OS C oA
4.2.1.17
C H 3 (C H n C H(OH)C H 2 C OS C oA
1.1.1.35
C H 3 (C H 2 ) n C OC H 2 C OS C oA 4.
2. Malonic
C OO
1.1.1.3
C (OH)C H(OH)C OO C HC OC OO
C HC H(NH 3 )C OO 1.1.1.169
(Mitoc hondria) 1.3.99.3
2, 3-E noyl-C oA 3-OH-A c yl-C oA 3-Oxoac yl-C oA 2. 3. 1. NA D HOH 4.2.1.16 C H3
D 16
1.2.4.1
1.
52 s emi- C H 3 C OC (OH)C H 3
2-A c etolac tate
1.1.1.86
C H3
4.2.1.9
C H3 2.6.1.32
HOC H 2 C (C H 3 ) 2 C H(OH)C OO
C H 3 (C H 2 ) 2 C OC H 2 C OS C oA ATP GDP 2-3-Dihydroxy 2-Oxo- 1.4.1.8 V A L INE
E C H 3 (C H 2 ) 2 C H 2 C H 2 C OS C oA
Hexanoyl-C oA 1.3.99.3
C H 3 (C H 2 ) 2 C H=C HC OS C oA
2, 3-Hexenoyl-C oA
4.2.1.17
C H 3 (C H 2 ) 2 C H(OH)C H 2 C OS C oA
3-OH-Hexanoyl-C oA
1.1.1.35
3-Oxohexanoyl-C oA 2. 3. 1.
16 C O2
2.3.1.12
3.1.3.43 1.2.1.18 aldehyde C H 3 C H 2 C OC OO is ovalerate is ovalerate
P antoate
C O2 Oxobutyrate ß-A lanine
G 6.4.1.1 4.1.1.32
C H3 C H3 C H3
1.2.1.25
3.5.1.22
6.3.2.1
C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 C OS C oA C H 3 C H=C HC OS C oA C H 3 C H(OH)C H 2 C OS C oA C H 3 C OC H 2 C OS C oA C H3
R B utanoyl-C oA
1.3.99.2
C rotonoyl-C oA
4.2.1.55
3-OH-B utanoyl-C oA
1.1.1.157
A c etoac etyl-C oA
2.3 .1.9
NADH+H+ HOC H 2 C HC OO HOC H 2 C HC OS -C oA- C H 2 = C C OS C oA C H 3 C HC O-S C oA HOC H 2 C (C H 3 ) 2 C H(OH)C O NHC H 2 C H 2 C OO
3.1.2.4
A Odd C F atty ac ids CH3COSCoA
GTP
C H3
4 .1
.3 .1
8
3-Hydroxy- 3-Hydroxy- 4.2.1.17 Methyl 1.3.99.3 Is obutyryl-C oA P A NTOT HE NA T E
D C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C OS C oA C H 3 C H 2 C H=C HC OS C oA C H 3 C H 2 C H(OH)C H 2 C OS C oA C H 3 C H 2 C OC H 2 C OS C oA
4.1.3.5 A C E T Y L -C oA 31 is obutyrate Is obutyryl-C oA ac rylyl-C oA
P entanoyl-C oA P entenoyl-C oA 3-OH-P entanoyl-C oA
1.1.1.35
3-Oxopentanoyl-C oA NAD+ OHC C HC OO 1. 1. 1. 2.7.1.33
A 2.6 .1.4 4
Methylmalonyl
C H3 C H3
CH3
+
T 2.6 .1.4 s emialdehyde C OO C HC OC OO
C H C H(NH 3 )C OO P OC H 2 C (C H 3 ) 2 C H(OH)C O NHC H 2 C H 2 C OO
C (OH)C H(OH)C OO
C H 3C H 2 4-P -P antothenate
I C H 2 O-C O-R C H 2 O-C O-R C H 2 O-C O-R OHC C OO 4.1.3.5 4.1.3.4
1.1.1.39 C H 3 C OC (OH)C H 2 C H 3
4.2.1.9
C H 3C H 2 C H 3C H 2 2.6.1.32 C ys teine
OH OH R '-C O-OC H 2.7.7.41 G lyoxylate 2-A c eto-2- 2: 3-Di-OH- 2-Oxo-3-methyl IS OL E UC INE
6.3.2.5
O R '-C O-OC H O O C OO
+
R '-C O-OC H O
C H 2 C OO
-OOCCOCH COO-
2 2. 3. 1.
16
hydroxy- 1.1.1.86 3-methylvalerate valerate
C OO
C H 2 O P O C H 2 C HNH 3 1.1.1.79 NA DH+H + OX A L OA C E T A T E 2.6.1.1
P OC H 2 C (C H 3 ) 2 C H(OH)C O NHC H 2 C H 2 C O NHC HC H 2 S H
N C H 2 O-P O 1.3.99.7
- S erine
C H 2 O P OC MP
1.2.3.5
C H 3 C (OH)C H 2 C OS C oA
butyrate 4-P -P antothenylc ys teine
O - HO OH O
2.7.8.8
O
ß-OH-ß-Methyl- 4. 2. 1.
4.1.3.7
CH2COO- C H3 CH3 CH3 1.2.1.25
P HOS P HA T IDY L C DP -diac yl HOC H 2 C OO 18 NAD+ C H3
OH
Inos itol G lyc olate glutaryl-C oA 4.1.3.8 C(OH)COO- C H 3 C OC HC OS C oA C H 3 C H(OH)C HC OS C oA C H 3 C H=C HC OS C oA C H 3 C H 2 C HC OS C oA 4.1.1.36
S E R INE 2.7.8.11 glyc erol CH2COO-
P hos phatidyl 2-Methylac eto-1.1.1.35 2-Methyl-3-4.2.1.17T iglyl-C oA 2 Methylbutyryl-
inos itol C H 2 O-C O-R
1.2.1.21 HOOC -C OOH
1.1.1.34
C IT R A T E ac etyl-C oA hydroxy- 1.3.99.3
C oA P OC H 2 C (C H 3 ) 2 C H(OH)C O NHC H 2 C H 2 C O NHC H 2 C H 2 S H
C H 2 O-C O-R C H 2 O-C O-R ’ Oxalate F MN I 4.1.3.2
R '-C O-OC H O O HC O-C O-R R '-C O-OC H O 2.7.8.5 HOC H 2 C HO
I -OOCCHO 4.2.1.3
C H 3 C H 2 C OS C oA
butyryl-C oA 4-P -P antetheine
P C H 2 O-C O-R
4.1.1.65 C H 2 O-P O C H 2 C H(OH)C H 2 O-P -OC H 2 C H 2 O-P O C H 2 C HOHC H 2 OH G lyc ol Glyoxylate CH(OH)COO -
P ropanoyl-C oA 2.7.7.3
- - O- aldehyde C H 2 C OO Cycle CHCOO-
1.6.5.3

O
H R '-C O-OC H O
+ C ardiolipin
O
P hos phatidylglyc erol C H 3 C (OH)C H 2 C HO
1.1.1.37
CH2COO- 2.1.3.1 6.4.1.3 C OOH C OOH +
(C H 3 ) 2 C HC H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
F MNH 2 4.1.1.41
O C H 2 O P OC H 2 C H 2 NH 3
-
+ +
1.4.3.8 Mevaldate IS OC IT R A T E 5.1.99.1
(C H 3 ) 2 C HC (OH)C H 2 C OO (C H 3 ) 2 C HC HC H(OH)C OO (C H 3 ) 2 C HC H 2 C OC OO 2.6.1.6
L E UC INE
ADP - OC H 2 C (C H 3 ) 2 C H(OH)C O NHC H 2 C H 2 C O NHC H 2 C H 2 S H
Dephos pho-C oenzyme A
O C P P - OC H 2 C H 2 NH 3 P OC H 2 C H 2 NH 3 + 2-Is opropyl- 3-Is opropyl- 1.1.1.85 Oxoleuc ine
S 2.7.8.1 C DP -E thanolamine 2.7.7.14
E thanolamine-P 2.7 .1. 82
+
HOC H 2 C H 2 NH 3 2H 4.1.3.1 1.1.1.41 C H3 malate 4.2.1.33
malate 1.4.1.9
P hos phatidyl E thanolamine 1.1.1.32
2F e -S 2.7.1.24
P ethanolamine
C H 2 OH
CH3CH(OH)CH2CO.SCoA
OOC -C H-C OS C oA C H3 1.2.1.25
C H 2 O-C O-R (5 C lusters) MA L A T E 4.2 .1. 18 C H3
H C E P HA L IN HOC H O
HOC H O
+ C H 3 C OC H 2 C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3 -OOCCOCH CH COO-
4.1.1.71
Methylmalonyl-C oA OOC C H 2 C = C HC OS C oA C H 3 C = C HC OS C oA (C H 3 ) 2 C HC H 2 C OS C oA P -ADP - OC H 2 C (C H 3 ) 2 C H(OH)C O NHC H 2 C H 2 C O NHC H 2 C H 2 S H
A
C H 2 C OO
4H+
2 2 6.4.1.4 1.3.99.10
O + C H 2 OP O C H 2 C H 2 N(C H 3 ) A c etylc holine 4H+ 2-OXO - 3-Methyl- 3-Methyl- Is ovaleryl-C oA C oenzyme A
2.1.1.17
C H 2 OP O C H 2 C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3
3.1. 1.5
-
G lyc erophos phoc holine
O
3 .1
C H 3 C (OH)C H 2 C H 2 OH 1.6. 5.3 AS PAR TATE 2 .7 .2 4.2.1.18
glutac onyl-C oA c rotonyl-C oA M
L C H 2 OC H=C HR 2.1.1.71 O - L ys olec ithin .4 .2 Mevalonate 2H+ 4.2.1.2 G L UT A R A T E .4
1.1.1.3
C H 2 O-C O-R 3.1.4.4 2.3.1.6 or 1.2.4.2 I
I R -C O-OC H O
+ R '-C O-OC H O
+
3.1.1.32
3.1.4.3 2.7.1.36
2H+ -
2.3.1.61 +
P OOC C H 2 C H (NH 3 )C OO N
C H 2 OP O C H 2 C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3 2.7.4.2 OOCCH=CHCOO-
P - O
C H 2 OP O C H 2 C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3
O -
+
C P P -O C H 2 C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3
+
OC H 2 C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3
+
HOC H 2 C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3 F UMA R A T E
4.3.1.1
A s partyl-P 1 .2
H
C
H2
C
OOC C H 2 C H 2 C ONH
+
NH 3
O
I C holine L E C IT HIN C DP -c holine 2.7.7.15
C holine-P C HOL INE C H 2 C OO UQH 2 6.3.5.4 .1 .1
1 +
HC C H2
C H-C OO
H 2C C H2
C H-C OO
OOC C H 2 C H 2 C ONH OOC C HC H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H-C OO
+
OOC C H-C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C HC OO
+
plas malogen 1.3.1.35 2.7.8.2 2.7.1.32 OOC C OOC C
D 2 .7 .8
.3
3.1 .4. 12 C H 3 C (OH)C H 2 C H 2 O P P F ADH 2 +
-OOCCH2CH2CO.SCoA 5.1.99.1 OHC C H 2 C H (NH 3 )C OO N
1.3.1.26
N OOC C OC H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H-C OO NH 3 NH 3
S erine +NH + + + Diphos pho- S UC C INY L -C oA 5.4.99.2 OOC C H 2 C H 2 C HO A s partyl 4.2.1.52 2, 3-Dihydro- P iperideine- N-S uc c inyl- 2.6.1.17
N-S uc c inyl-2, 63.5.1.18 Diamino- A
S 2.3.1.50 3 NH 3 NH 3 NH 3
mevalonate
F e-S 1.3.5.1
6.2.1.4 S uc c inic S emialdehyde dipic olinate 2, 6-dic arboxylate 2-amino-6-oxo- diaminopimelate pimelate C
C H 3 (C H 2 ) 14 C OC HC H 2 OH C H 3 (C H 2 ) 14 C H(OH)C HC H 2 OH C H 3 (C H 2 ) 12 C H=C HC H(OH)C HC H 2 OH C H 3 (C H 2 ) 12 C H=C HC H(OH)C HC H 2 O- G alac tos e 1.2.1.16
s emialdehyde pimelate
Dehydros phinganin
1.1.1.102
S phinganin 4-S phingenin P s yc hos ine C yt.b F AD
-OOCCH2CH2COO-
S UC C INA T E
OH
+ + + + + + 5 .1 .1
.7 I
H 2 N(C H 2 ) 4 C H(NH 3 )C OO
G anglios ides UDP -S ugars A c yl-C oA
2.4.1.23 UQ II Glycine (C H 3 ) 3 NC H 2 C H(OH)C H 2 C OO (C H 3 ) 3 N(C H 2 ) 3 C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO (C H 3 ) 3 N(C H 2 ) 3 C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
4. 1. 1.
20
D
2.4 .1. 62 3.5.1.23 A c yl-C oA 4.1.1.33 2.3.1.37 + C arnitine N 6 -T rimethyl- N 6 -T rimethyllys ine LY S INE 1.5.1.7 - 10
UDP -G alac tos e UQH 2 2H+
H 2 NOC C H 2 C H (NH 3 C OO
1.14.11.1
3-OH-lys ine
1.14.11.8 S
NHAcyl O
+ NHC OR
NHC OR A s paragine 2.6.1.19 C OO
C H 3 (C H 2 ) 12 C H=C HC H(OH)C HC H 2 O P O C H 2 C H 2 N(C H 3 ) 3
O - C H 3 (C H 2 ) 12 C H=C HC H(OH)C HC H 2 OH C H 3 (C H 2 ) 12 C H=C HC H(OH)C HC H 2 O- G alac tos e C H2 5-A mino- +
NH C HC H 2 C H 2 C OO
+ +
S P HING OMY E L IN
2.7.8.3
C eramide C erebros ide C H 3 C -C H 2 C H 2 O P P levulinate 1.3.99.7 OOC C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C OS C oA OOC C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C OC OO OOC C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO OHC C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO
3.1.4.12 3.2.1.46 2.4.1.47 2UQH 2 UQH 2
1.3.99.7 Is opentenyl-P P 1.10.2.2 + 4.1.1.70
G lutaryl-C oA 2-Oxoadipate 2.6.1.39
2-A minoadipate 1.2.1.31 2-A minoadipate 1.5.1.9
S ac c haropine
R -C H(NH 3 ) C OO
C H3
(C 5) 4H+ OOC C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 NH 2 s emialdehyde
I 2H+ 2-A MINO A C ID A denos yl
L yc opene P hytoene
C H 3 C = C HC H 2 O P P
2e- 2UQ _. 4-A minobutyrate
S (C 40) Dimethylallyl-P P III 1e- _ R -C O-C OO (G A B A ) H 2 N(C H 2 ) 3 NH (C H 2 ) 4 NH (C H 2 ) 3 NH 2
C H 3 -S C H 2 C H 2 C HNH 2
+
(C 40) (C 5) 2-OXO A C ID S permine S -A denos ylmethyl
UQ.
TR A

T o B rain -V IS ION 2.5.1.1 2e- 15

O hv CH3 C H3 F e-S +
OOC C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO 1.
1. thiopropylamine L E G E ND
2.6.1.- 4.
NS

P ß-C A R OT E NE (C 40) 2.5.1.32 2.5.1.29 C H 3 C = C HC H 2 C H 2 C = C HC H 2 O P P C yt.bL C yt.bH

1e-
MI
(Dec arboxylated S A M)
A

R Metarhodops in R hodops in O
C H 2O P P G eranyl-P P NA
T IO N G L UT A MA T E 2. 7. 2. +
2.5.1.22 C arbohydrates A mino A c ids
11 P OOC C H C H C H (NH ) C OO
E 1.13.11.21 C H 3O C H3
G eranyl-geranyl-P P (C 10) C yt.c 1 2 2 3 H 2 N(C H 2 ) 4 NH (C H 2 ) 3 NH 2
B ios ynthes is B ios ynthes is
C OO - Ops in C H 3O (C 20) G lutamyl-P S permidine Degradation Degradation
N n
2UQ UQ
R etinoate
O Ubiquinone 2.5.1.10 1.10.2.2
O 1.2.1.36
C HO (C oenzyme Q) OPP C yt.c 1.4.1.2 1.4.1.14 3.5.1.2
6.3.1.2 1.2.1.41
L ipids P urines &
C H2 2.5.1.16
I trans -R etinal 5.2.1.3
11-c is -R etinal C HO Menaquinone C H 2 OH B ios ynthes is P yrimidines
D
L ight P hytol (C 20) ting A
s por . 6 . 1 . 3 T P s y NO 3 - NH 4+ +
H 2 NOC C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO + H 2 NC H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 NH 2
Degradation B ios ynthes is
1.1.1.105 1.1.1.105 n
R etinol es ters P las toquinone C uA C uA +-
tra 3 4 nth 1.6.6.1 G lutamine OHC C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO
P utres c ine Degradation
S C H3
F arnes yl-P P os cp 1.7.99.4 .7.1
1.7 .6.4 ATP G lutamic
as

O
H

HO CH3
e

1.6 .1 s emialdehyde
NO 2 -
2.3.1.76 (C 15) C O2
3.1.1.21
C H 2 OH
C H 2 OH
CH3 O
C H3 Heme a 2H+ 1.
18
.6
6.3.4.16 C H 3 C OC OO OHC C OO
V itamins C o-enzymes & Hormones
B ios ynthes is Degradation
S 5.2.1.7 6.3.5.5 C H2 C H2
5

trans -R etinol 11-c is -R etinol O

P hylloquinone α-T oc opherol
5.

δ F1 P yruvate G lyoxylate
3.

2.5.1.21
T Dark N2
6.

(V itamin A ) (V itamin K ) (V itamin E ) F6

CH C HC OO
H 2 NC OO P 2.6.1.13 P entos e P hos phate P athway
E S T E R OIDS 2H+ C uB Heme a 3 C arbamoyl-P +
H 2 NC ONHC H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO
N
P yrroline-5-
2H + AT P
R 2
β ATP C IT R UL L INE c arboxylate
4.1.3.16
P hotos ynthes is Dark R eac tions
2e- γ
O P roges terone
3
β
OOC C H(OH)C H 2 C OC OO
AD

β 2.1.3.3 4.1.1.17
4-Hydroxy-
P

H
AαT 1.5.99.8
H H 1.9.3.1
I HO HO HO HO
Pi
P +1 P i α 1.5.1.2
C H2 C H2
2-oxoglutarate
Human Metabolis m is identified as far pos s ible by black arrows
IV AD P +
H B ios ynthes is Degradation
D P regnenolone C HOL E S T E R OL Des mos terol Zymos terol
H
L anos terol 5.4.99.7
S qualene
1/ O
2 2 H+
H+
+
H 2 NC H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO
2.1.3.3
C H2 C HC OO
1.14.99.7
S (C 30) H+
H+
β
F1 OR NIT HINE
NH
2.6.1.23 C OMP A R T ME NT A T ION
γ 6.3.4.5
P R OL INE
HE MOG L OB IN C HL OR OP HY L L H+
C OO -
C OO -
H2O 1.14.11.2
+
OOC C H(OH)C H 2 C H(NH 3 )C OO
T he "B ackbone" of metabolis m involves
ε H 2 NC ONH 2 OOC C HC H 2 C OO G LY C OLY S IS in the C Y T OP LAS M,
P C H2
C H3
C H2 C H2
C OO - C H2 C OO -
C OO -
COO-
CH2
δ F0 2.1.4.1 UR E A N + HOC H C H2
4-Hydroxy- the T C A C Y C LE (mainly) in the Mitochondrial matrix
O CH H CH H2 C H3 C H C H2 H2 C H3 H+ H 2 NC NHC H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO glutamate
TR A NS L O

CH 2 C H2 - OOC C H2 H2 C H2 CH2
and AT P F OR MAT ION s panning the
C C C C H2 a H+ H+ G lyc ine + 3.5.3.1 A rginino- H 2C C HC OO
MIT OC HONDR IAL INNE R ME MB R ANE
R H 3C CH H 3C CH H3C C H2
H 2C
C
C H2
H2NCH2C=O
α
H+ H+
s NH 2
3.5.3.6
NO s uc c inate
N
H 1.5.1.12
HOC H C H2
N N N N N N 5-A mino- n it An electron flow (an electric current) generated from
P HC Fe CH
H H H H N
H H
N
C OO levulinate
-
1 0 c -s ucb- u +
H 2 NC NHC H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H (NH 3 ) C OO 1.14.13.39 HC C HC OO
NADH and UQH2 drives the translocation of protons
H
H2C
H H
C H2 H 2C
H H
C H2
H 2C C H2
A HY DR OXY 3-Hydroxy-
N
from the matrix to the intermembrane space.
C

N N N N N N
N
H H
N
- OOC
CH 2 TE
D P R OTONS H+ H+ A R G ININE P R OL INE pyrroline-
The retrolocation of these protons through the F0 subunits
Y H3C
C
C H3 H 3C
C
C H3 H 3C
C
C H3
H 2C C H2 CH 2 4.2.1.24 H+ H+ of ATP synthase to the matrix then supplies the energy
H 2C 4.3.2.1 5-c arboxylate
R C H2
H C H2 C H2 H2 C H2 C H2 H2 C H2
-
OOC C H2
C
H2 C H2
C OO - A DP Pi
+ NH + NH 2 + NH 2 HN C
NH CO
needed to form ATP from ADP and phosphate

I C H2
C OO -
C H2
C OO -
C H2
C OO -
C H2
C OO -
C H2
C OO -
C H2
C OO -
C H2 C H2 H 2C N
H X ATP Y
2
H 2 NC NHC H 2 C OO H 2 NC N(C H 3 )C H 2 C OO P - HNC N(C H 3 )C H 2 C OO
N CH2
1.5.1.2
E lectron F low P roton F low
C OO - C OO -
N H2N
G uanidoac etate
2.1.1.2
C reatine 2.7.3.2 P -C reatine
C H3
S mall Numbers ( eg. 2.4.6.7) refer to the IUB MB E nzyme
1.3.3.4 1.3.3.3 4.1.1.37 4.3.1.8 C reatinine
S HE ME P rotoporphyrinogen C oproporphyrinogen Uroporphyrinogen P orphobilinogen
E ND
E R G O N IC R E A C T IO N
3.5.2.10 C ommis s ion (E C ) R eference Numbers of E nzymes
4.99.1.1 4.2.1.75

© 2003 International Union of Biochemistry and M olecular Biology 22 nd Edition Designed by Donald E. Nicholson, D.Sc., The University of Leeds, England – and Sigma-A ldrich
Product No. M 3907
www.iubmb.org

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Enzyme Commission Numbers

Oxidoreductases, 1.1.1.1 - 1.18.6.1

Transferases, 2.1.1.1. - 2.5.1.32
Transaminases, 2.6.1.1. - 2.6.1.66
Phosphotransferases, 2.7.1.1 - 2.7.8.11
CoA-transferases, 2.8.3.5 - 2.8.3.6
Hydrolases, 3.1.1.3 - 3.9.1.1.
Lyases, 4.1.1.1 - 4.99.1.1
Isomerases, 5.1.3.1 - 5.5.1.4
Ligases, 6.2.1.3 - 6.4.1.4

For a complete list of enzymes by EC number click here.

OXIDOREDUCTASES

1.1.1.1 Alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.3 Homoserine dehydrogenase

1.1.1.8 Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.9 D-Xylulose reductase

1.1.1.10 l-Xylulose reductase

1.1.1.14 l-Iditol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.19 Glucuronate reductase

1.1.1.21 Aldehyde reductase

1.1.1.22 UDPglucose dehydrogenase

1.1.1.23 Histidinol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.25 Shikimate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.27 Lactate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.29 Glycerate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.30 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.31 3-Hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.32 Mevaldate reductase

1.1.1.34 Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.35 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.1.1.37 Malate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.39 Malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

1.1.1.41 Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+)

1.1.1.44 Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

1.1.1.45 l-Gulonate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.49 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.56 Ribitol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.79 Glyoxylate reductase (NADP+)

1.1.1.81 Hydroxypyruvate reductase

1.1.1.82 Malate dehydrogenase (NADP+)

1.1.1.85 3-Isopropylmalate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.86 Ketol-acid reductoisomerase

1.1.1.95 Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.100 3-Oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase

1.1.1.102 3-Dehydrosphinganine reductase

1.1.1.105 Retinol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.130 3-Dehydro-L-gulonate 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.157 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.1.1.158 UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.169 2-Dehydropantoate 2-reductase

1.1.1.204 Xanthine dehydrogenase

1.1.1.205 IMP-dehydrogenase

1.1.3.8 l-Gulonolactone oxidase

1.1.3.22 Xanthine oxidase

1.1.99.1 Choline dehydrogenase

1.1.99.5 Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.2.1.3 Aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)

1.2.1.7 Benzaldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+)

1.2.1.8 Betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase

1.2.1.11 Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase

1.2.1.12 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.2.1.13 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.2.1.16 Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)

1.2.1.18 Malonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating)

1.2.1.21 Glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase

1.2.1.23 2-Oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)

1.2.1.24 Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase

1.2.1.25 2-Oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase (acylating)

1.2.1.27 Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acylating)

1.2.1.31 l-Aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase

1.2.1.32 Aminomuconate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase

1.2.1.36 Retinal dehydrogenase

1.2.1.41 Glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase

1.2.1.52 Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase

1.2.3.5 Glyoxylate oxidase

1.2.3.7 Indole-3-acetaldehyde oxidase

1.2.4.1 Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)

1.2.4.2 Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)

1.2.7.1 Pyruvate synthase

1.2.7.2 2-Oxobutyrate synthase

1.3.1.1 Dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NAD+)

1.3.1.2 Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (NADP+)

1.3.1.8 Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP+)

1.3.1.9 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)

1.3.1.10 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH, B-specific)

1.3.1.13 Prephenate dehydrogenase (NADP+)

1.3.1.14 Orotate reductase (NADH)

1.3.1.26 Dihydrodipicolinate reductase

1.3.1.35 Phosphatidylcholine desaturase

1.3.3.3 Coproporphyrinogen oxidase

1.3.3.4 Protoporphyrinogen oxidase

1.3.5.1 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone)

1.3.99.1 Succinate dehydrogenase

1.3.99.2 Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.3.99.3 Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.3.99.7 Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.3.99.10 Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.4.1.1 Alanine dehydrogenase

1.4.1.2 Glutamate dehydrogenase

1.4.1.7 Serine dehydrogenase

1.4.1.8 Valine dehydrogenase (NADP+)

1.4.1.9 Leucine dehydrogenase

1.4.1.10 Glycine dehydrogenase

1.4.1.14 Glutamate synthase (NADH)

1.4.1.19 Tryptophan dehydrogenase

1.4.3.1 d-Aspartate oxidase

1.4.3.2 l-Amino-acid oxidase

1.4.3.4 Amine oxidase (flavin-containing)

1.4.3.8 Ethanolamine oxidase

1.4.4.2 Glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

1.5.1.2 Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase

1.5.1.3 Dihydrofolate reductase

1.5.1.5 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADP+)

1.5.1.6 Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase

1.5.1.7 Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NAD+, L-lysine-forming)

1.5.1.8 Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-lysine-forming)

1.5.1.9 Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NAD+, L-glutamate-forming)

1.5.1.10 Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming)

1.5.1.12 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase

1.5.3.1 Sarcosine oxidase

1.5.99.1 Sarcosine dehydrogenase

1.5.99.2 Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase

1.5.99.8 Proline dehydrogenase

1.6.4.1 Cystine reductase (NADH)

1.6.5.3 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone)

1.6.6.1 Nitrate reductase (NADH)

1.6.6.2 Nitrate reductase [NAD(P)H]

1.6.6.3 Nitrate reductase (NADPH)

1.6.6.4 Nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H]

1.6.6.8 GMP reductase

1.7.3.3 Urate oxidase

1.7.7.1 Ferredoxin—nitrate reductase

1.7.99.4 Nitrate reductase

1.8.1.3 Hypotaurine dehydrogenase

1.8.1.4 Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase

1.8.2.1 Sulfite dehydrogenase

1.8.3.1 Sulfite oxidase

1.8.7.1 Sulfite reductase (ferredoxin)

1.8.99.1 Sulfite reductase

1.8.99.2 Adenylsulphate reductase

1.9.3.1 Cytochrome-c oxidase

1.10.2.1 l-Ascorbate—cytochrome-b5 reductase

1.10.2.2 Ubiquinol—cytochrome-c reductase

1.10.3.3 l-Ascorbate oxidase

1.10.99.1 Plastoquinol—plastocyanin reductase

1.13.11.1 Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase

1.13.11.2 Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase

1.13.11.5 Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase

1.13.11.6 3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase

1.13.11.11 Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase

1.13.11.20 Cysteine dioxygenase

1.13.11.21 _-Carotene 15,154-dioxygenase

1.13.11.27 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase

1.13.11.34 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase

1.13.99.1 myo-lnositol oxygenase

1.14.11.1 g-Butyrobetaine dioxygenase

1.14.11.2 Procollagen-proline dioxygenase

1.14.11.8 Trimethyllysine dioxygenase

1.14.12.1 Anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase (deaminating, decarboxylating)

1.14.13.5 Imidazoleacetate 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.9 Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.11 trans-Cinnamate 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.12 Benzoate 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.39 Nitric oxide synthase

1.14.16.1 Phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase

1.14.16.2 Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase

1.14.16.4 Tryptophan 5-monooxygenase

1.14.17.1 Dopamine _-monooxygenase

1.14.18.1 Monophenol monooxygenase

1 14.99.1 Prostaglandin synthase

1 14.99.5 Stearoyl-CoA desaturase

1.14.99.7 Squalene monooxygenase

1.14.99.25 Linoleoyl-CoA desaturase

1.17.4.1 Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase

1.18.6.1 Nitrogenase

TRANSFERASES

2.1.1.1 Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase

2.1.1.2 Guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase

2.1.1.3 Thetin—homocysteine S-methyltransferase

2.1.1.4 Acetylserotonin N-methyltransferase

2.1.1.5 Betaine—homocysteine S-methyltransferase

2.1.1.6 Catechol O-methyl transferase

2.1.1.10 Homocysteine S-methyltransferase

2.1.1.13 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate—homocysteine S-methyl transferase

2.1.1.14 5-Methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate homocysteine S-methyltransferase

2.1.1.17 Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

2.1.1.20 Glycine N-methyltransferase

2.1.1.28 Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

2.1.1.45 Thymidylate synthase

2.1.1.71 Phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

2.1.2.1 Glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

2.1.2.2 Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase

2.1.2.3 Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxamide formyltransferase

2.1.2.5 Glutamate formiminotransferase

2.1.2.10 Aminomethyl transferase

2.1.3.1 Methylmalonyl-CoA carboxyltransferase

2.1.3.2 Aspartate carbamoyltransferase

2.1.3.3 Ornithine carbamoyltransferase

2.1.4.1 Glycine amidinotransferase

2.2.1.1 Transketolase

2.2.1.2 Transaldolase

2.3.1.1 Amino-acid N-acetyltransferase

2.3.1.4 Glucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferase

2.3.1.5 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase

2.3.1.6 Choline O-acetyltransferase

2.3.1.7 Carnitine O-acetyltransferase

2.3.1.8 Phosphate acetyltransferase

2.3.1.9 Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase

2.3.1.12 Dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase

2.3.1.15 Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase

2.3.1.16 Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

2.3.1.20 Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase

2.3.1.23 Lysolecithin acyltransferase

2.3.1.24 Sphingosine N-acyltransferase

2.3.1.30 Serine O-acetyltransferase

2.3.1.37 5-Aminolevulinate synthase

2.3.1.38 [Acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase

2.3.1.39 [Acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonytransferase

2.3.1.41 3-Oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase

2.3.1.46 Homoserine O-succinyltransferase

2.3.1.50 Serine C-palmitoyltransferase

2.3.1.51 1-Acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase

2.3.1.76 Retinol O-fatty-acyltransferase

2.4.1.1 Phosphorylase

2.4.1.9 Inulosucrase

2 4.1.11 Glycogen (starch) synthase

2.4.1.13 Sucrose synthase

2.4.1.16 Chitin synthase

2.4.1.17 Glucuronosyltransferase

2.4.1.21 Starch synthase

2.4.1.22 Lactose synthase

2.4.1.23 Sphingosine _-galactosyltransferase

2.4.1.29 Cellulose synthase (GDP-forming)

2.4.1.32 Glucomannan 4-_-mannosyltransferase

2.4.1.33 Alginate synthase

2.4.1.47 Acylsphingosine galactosyltransferase

2.4.1.62 Ganglioside galactosyltransferase

2.4.1.68 Glycoprotein 6-a-L-fucosyltransferase

2.4.1.69 Galactoside 2-a-L-fucosyltransferase

2.4.2.1 Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase

2.4.2.2 Pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase

2.4.2.4 Thymidine phosphorylase

2.4.2.8 Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase

2.4.2.9 Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase

2.4.2.10 Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase

2.4.2.11 Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase

2.4.2.14 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase

2.4.2.15 Guanosine phosphorylase

2.4.2.17 ATP phosphoribosyltransferase

2.4.2.18 Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase

2.4.2.19 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase (carboxylating)

2.4.99.1-11 Sialyltransferases

2.4.99.7 Sialyltransferase

2.5.1.1 Dimethylallyltranstransferase

2.5.1.6 Methionine adenosyltransferase

2.5.1.10 Geranyltranstransferase

2.5.1.16 Spermidine synthase

2.5.1.19 3-Phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyl-transferase

2.5.1.21 Farnesyltransferase

2.5.1.22 Spermine synthase

2.5.1.29 Farnesyltranstransferase
2.5.1.32 Geranylgeranyl-diphosphate geranylgeranyl transferase

TRANSAMINASES

2.6.1.1 Aspartate transaminase

2.6 1.2 Alanine transaminase

2.6.1.4 Glycine transaminase

2.6 1.5 Tyrosine transaminase

2.6 1.6 Leucine transaminase

2.6.1.9 Histidinol-phosphate transaminase

2.6.1.13 Ornithine—oxo-acid transaminase

2.6.1.16 Glutamine—fructose-6-phosphate transaminase

2.6.1.17 Succinyldiaminopimelate transaminase

2.6.1.18 _-Alanine—pyruvate transaminase

2.6.1.19 4-Aminobutyrate transaminase

2.6.1.22 l-3-Aminoisobutyrate transaminase

2.6.1.23 4-Hydroxyglutamate transaminase

2.6.1.27 Tryptophan transaminase

2.6.1.32 Valine—3-methyl-2-oxovalerate transaminase

2.6.1.36 l-Lysine 6-transaminase

2.6.1.39 2-Aminoadipate transaminase

2.6.1.42 Branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase

2.6.1.44 Alanine-glyoxylate transaminase

2.6.1.51 Serine—pyruvate transaminase

2.6.1.52 Phosphoserine transaminase

2.6.1.66 Valine—pyruvate transaminase

PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES
2.7.1.1 Hexokinase

2.7.1.2 Glucokinase

2.7.1.3 Ketohexokinase

2.7.1.4 Fructokinase

2.7.1.6 Galactokinase

2.7.1.7 Mannokinase

2.7.1.11 6-Phosphofructokinase

2.7.1.15 Ribokinase

2.7.1.16 Ribulokinase

2.7.1.17 Xylulokinase

2.7.1.19 Phosphoribulokinase

2.7.1.24 Dephospho-CoA kinase

2.7.1.25 Adenylylsulfate kinase

2.7.1.28 Triokinase

2.7.1.30 Glycerol kinase

2.7.1.31 Glycerate kinase

2.7.1.32 Choline kinase

2.7.1.33 Pantothenate kinase

2.7.1.34 Pantetheine kinase

2.7.1.36 Mevalonate kinase

2.7.1.39 Homoserine kinase

2.7.1.40 Pyruvate kinase

2.7 1.47 D-Ribulokinase

2.7.1.53 l-Xylulokinase

2.7.1.60 N-Acylmannosamine kinase

2.7.1.71 Shikimate kinase

2.7.1.80 Pyrophosphate—serine phosphotransferase

2.7.1.82 Ethanolamine kinase

2.7.1.107 Diacylglycerol kinase

2.7.2.3 Phosphoglycerate kinase

2.7.2.4 Aspartate kinase

2.7.2.6 Formate kinase

2.7.2.11 Glutamate 5-kinase

2.7.3.2 Creatine kinase

2.7.4.2 Phosphomevalonate kinase

2.7.4.3 Adenylate kinase

2.7.4.4 Nucleoside-phosphate kinase

2.7.4.6 Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase

2.7.4.8 Guanylate kinase

2.7.4.9 dtmp kinase

2.7.4.14 Cytidylate kinase

2.7.6.1 Ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase

2.7.7.3 Pantetheine-phosphate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.4 Sulfate adenylyl transferase

2.7.7.6 RNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed)

2.7.7.7 DNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed)

2.7.7.9 UTP—glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.10 UTP—hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.12 UDP glucose—hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.13 Mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.14 Ethanolamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.15 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.18 Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.23 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase

2.7.7.24 Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase

2.7.7.27 Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.34 Glucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.41 Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.43 N-Acylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.8.1 Ethanolamine phosphotransferase

2.7.8.2 Diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase

2.7.8.3 Ceramide cholinephosphotransferase

2.7.8.5 CDPdiacylglycerol—glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase

2.7.8.8 CDPdiacylglycerol—serine O-phosphatidyltransferase

2.7.8.11 CDPdiacylglycerol—inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase

CoA-TRANSFERASES

2.8.3.5 3-Oxoacid CoA-transferase

2.8.3.6 3-Oxoadipate CoA-transferase

HYDROLASES

3.1.1.3 Triacylglycerol lipase

3.1.1.4 Phospholipase A2

3.1.1.5 Lysophospholipase

3.1.1.7 Acetylcholinesterase

3.1.1.17 Gluconolactonase

3.1.1.21 Retinyl-palmitate esterase

3.1.1.28 Acylcarnitine hydrolase

3.1.1.31 6-Phosphogluconolactonase
3.1.1.32 Phospholipase A1

3.1.2.1 Acetyl-CoA hydrolase

3.1.2.3 Succinyl-CoA hydrolase

3.1.2.4 3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase

3.1.2.11 Acetoacetyl-CoA hydrolase

3.1.2.20 Acyl-CoA hydrolase

3.1.3.2 Acid phosphatase

3.1.3.3 Phosphoserine phosphatase

3.1.3.4 Phosphatidate phosphatase

3.1.3.5 54-Nucleotidase

3.1.3.9 Glucose-6-phosphatase

3.1.3.11 Fructose-bisphosphatase

3.1.3.15 Histidinol-phosphatase

3.1.3.25 myo-Inositol-1(or 4)-monophosphatase

3.1.3.27 Phosphatidylglycerophosphatase

3.1.3.29 N-Acylneuraminate-9-phosphatase

3.1.3.31 Nucleotidase

3.1.4.2 Glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase

3.1.4.3 Phospholipase C

3.1.4.4 Phospholipase D

3.1.4.10 1-Phosphatidylinositol phosphodieterase

3.1.4.12 Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase

3.2.1.21 _-Glucosidase

3.2.1.23 _-Galactosidase

3.2.1.26 _-Fructofuranosidase

3.2.1.45 Glucosylceramidase
3.2.1.46 Galactosylceramidase

3.2.1.48 Sucrose a-glucosidase

3.2.2.2 Inosine nucleosidase

3.3.1.1 Adenosylhomocysteinase

3.5.1.1 Asparaginase

3.5.1.2 Glutaminase

3.5.1.6 _-Ureidopropionase

3.5.1.9 Arylformamidase

3.5.1.18 Succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase

3.5.1.22 Pantothenase

3.5.1.23 Ceramidase

3.5.2.2 Dihydropyrimidinase

3.5.2.3 Dihydroorotase

3.5.2.5 Allantoinase

3.5.2.7 Imidazolonepropionase

3.5.2.10 Creatininase

3.5.3.1 Arginase

3.5.3.4 Allantoicase

3.5.3.6 Arginine deiminase

3.5.4.1 Cytosine deaminase

3.5.4.3 Guanine deaminase

3.5.4.6 AMP deaminase

3.5.4.10 IMP cyclohydrolase

3.5.4.12 dCMP deaminase

3.5.4.19 Phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase

3.6.1.3 Adenosinetriphosphatase
3.6.1.15 Nucleoside-triphosphatase

3.6.1.31 Phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphatase

3.6.1.34 H+-transporting ATP synthase

3.7.1.2 Fumarylacetoacetase

3.7.1.3 Kynureninase

3.9.1.1 Phosphoamidase

LYASES

4.1.1.1 Pyruvate decarboxylase

4.1.1.3 Oxaloacetate decarboxylase

4.1.1.4 Acetoacetate decarboxylase

4.1.1.9 Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase

4.1.1.11 Aspartate 1-decarboxylase

4.1.1.12 Aspartate 4-decarboxylase

4.1.1.15 Glutamate decarboxylase

4.1.1.17 Ornithine decarboxylase

4.1.1.20 Diaminopimelate decarboxylase

4 1.1.21 Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase

4.1.1.22 Histidine decarboxylase

4.1.1.23 Orotidine-5’-phosphate decarboxylase

4.1.1.25 Tyrosine decarboxylase

4.1.1.28 Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase

4.1.1.29 Sulfoalanine decarboxylase

4.1.1.32 Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP)

4.1.1.33 Diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase

4.1.1.34 Dehydro-l-gulonate decarboxylase

4.1.1.36 Phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase

4.1.1.37 Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

4.1.1.39 Ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase

4.1.1.41 Methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase

4.1.1.43 Phenylpyruvate decarboxylase

4.1.1.45 Aminocarboxymuconate-semialdehyde decarboxylase

4.1.1.48 Indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase

4.1.1.49 Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP)

4.1.1.50 Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase

4.1.1.65 Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase

4.1.1.71 2-Oxoglutarate decarboxylase

4.1.2.5 Threonine aldolase

4.1.2.12 Ketopantoaldolase

4.1.2.13 Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase

4.1.2.14 2-Dehydro-3-deoxyphosphogluconate aldolase

4.1.3.1 Isocitrate lyase

4.1.3.2 Malate synthase

4.1.3.4 Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase

4.1.3.5 Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase

4.1.3.7 Citrate (si)-synthase

4.1.3.8 ATP citrate (pro-S)-lyase

4.1.3.16 4-Hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase

4.1.3.18 Acetolactate synthase

4.1.3.20 N-Acylneuraminate-9-phosphate synthase

4.1.3.21 Homocitrate synthase

4.1.3.22 Citramalate lyase

4.1.3.27 Anthranilate synthase

4.1.99.1 Tryptophanase

4.2.1.2 Fumarate hydratase

4.2.1.3 Aconitate hydratase

4.2.1.4 Citrate dehydratase

4.2.1.9 Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase

4.2.1.10 3-Dehydroxyquinate dehydratase

4.2.1.11 Phosphopyruvate hydratase (enolase)

4.2.1.13 l-Serine dehydratase

4.2.1.16 Threonine dehydratase

4.2.1.17 Enoyl-CoA hydratase

4.2.1.18 Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase

4.2.1.19 Imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase

4.2.1.20 Tryptophan synthase

4.2.1.22 Cystathionine B-synthase

4.2.1.24 Porphobilinogen synthase

4.2.1.33 3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase

4.2 1.46 dTDPglucose 4,6-dehydratase

4.2.1.47 GDPmannose 4,6-dehydratase

4.2.1.49 Urocanate hydratase

4.2.1.51 Prephenate dehydratase

4.2.1.52 Dihydrodipicolinate synthase

4.2.1.55 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase

4.2.1.58 Crotonoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] hydratase

4.2.1.59 3-Hydroxyoctanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] dehydratase

4.2.1.60 3-Hydroxydecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] dehydratase

4.2.1.61 3-Hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]dehydratase

4.2.1.75 Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase

4.2.1.80 2-Oxopent-4-enoate hydratase

4.2.99.2 Threonine synthase

4.2.99.8 Cysteine synthase

4.2.99.9 O-Succinylhomoserine (thiol)-lyase

4.3.1.1 Aspartate ammonia-lyase

4.3.1.2 Methylaspartate ammonia-lyase

4.3.1.3 Histidine ammonia-lyase

4.3.1.5 Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

4.3.2.1 Argininosuccinate lyase

4.3.2.2 Adenylosuccinate lyase

4.4.1.1 Cystathionine g-lyase

4.4.1.8 Cystathionine _-lyase

4.4.1.15 D-Cysteine desulfhydrase

4.6.1.1 Adenylate cyclase

4.6.1.3 3-Dehydroquinate synthase

4.6.1.4 Chorismate synthase

4.99.1.1 Ferrochelatase

ISOMERASES

5.1.3.1 Ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase

5.1.3.2 UDPglucose 4-epimerase

5.1.3.4 l-Ribulose-phosphate 4-epimerase

5.1.3.6 UDPglucuronate 4-epimerase

5.1.3.7 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 4-epimerase

5.1.3.12 UDPglucuronate 54-epimerase

5 1.3.13 dTDP-4-Dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase

5.1.3.14 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase

5.1.99.1 Methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase

5.2.1.2 Maleylacetoacetate isomerase

5.2.1.3 Retinal isomerase

5.2.1.7 Retinol isomerase

5.3.1.1 Triose-phosphate isomerase

5.3.1.3 Arabinose isomerase

5.3.1.4 l-Arabinose isomerase

5.3.1.5 Xylose isomerase

5.3.1.6 Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase

5.3.1.8 Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase

5.3.1.9 Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase

N-(54-Phospho-d-ribosylformimino)-5-amino-1-(544-
5.3.1.16 phosphoribosyl)-
4-imidazolecarboxamide isomerase

5.3.3.2 Isopentenyl-diphosphate 3-isomerase

5.3.99.3 Prostaglandin-E synthase

5.3.99.5 Thromboxane-A synthase

5.4.2.1 Phosphoglycerate mutase

5.4.2.2 Phosphoglucomutase

5.4.2.3 Phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase

5.4.2.8 Phosphomannomutase

5.4.3.8 Glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase

5.4.99.2 Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase

5.4.99.5 Chorismate mutase

5.4 99.7 Lanosterol synthase

5.5.1.4 myo-Inositol- l-phosphate synthase

LIGASES

6.2.1.3 Long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase

6.3.1.1 Aspartate—ammonia ligase

6.3.1.2 Glutamate—ammonia ligase

6.3.1.4 Aspartate—ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)

6.3.1.5 NAD+ synthetase

6.3.2.1 Pantoate—_-alannine ligase

6.3.2.2 Glutamate—cysteine ligase

6.3.2.3 Glutathione synthase

6.3.2.5 Phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase

6.3.2.6 Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole-succinocarboxamide synthase

6.3.2.7 UDP-N-Acetylmuramoyl-l-alanyl-d-glutamate—lysine ligase

6.3.2.8 UDP-N-acetylmuramate—alanine ligase

6.3.2.9 UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine-D-glutamate ligase

UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanyl-D-glutamyl-lysine-D-alanyl-D-alanine
6.3.2.10
ligase

UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanyl-D-glutamate-2,6-diaminopimelate
6.3.2.13
ligase

6.3.3.1 Phosphoribosylglycinamidine cyclo-ligase

6.3.4.1 GMP synthase

6.3.4.2 CTP synthase

6.3.4.3 Formate—tetrahydrofolate ligase

6.3.4.4 Adenylosuccinate synthase

6.3.4.5 Argininosuccinate synthase

6.3.4.7 Ribose-5-phosphate—ammonia ligase

6.3.4.13 Phosphoribosylamine—glycine ligase

6.3.4.16 Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia)

6.3.4.17 Formate—dihydrofolate ligase

6.3.5.1 NAD+ synthetase (glutamine-hydrolysing)

6.3.5.2 GMP synthetase (glutamine-hydrolysing)

6.3.5.3 Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthetase

6.3.5.4 Asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)

6.3.5.5 Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)

6.4.1.1 Pyruvate carboxylase

6.4.1.2 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

6.4.1.3 Propionyl-CoA carboxylase

6.4.1.4 Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase