See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/328789367

Speed Control of Induction Motor using PI and V/F Scalar Vector Controllers

Research · November 2018

CITATION READS

1 9,657

1 author:

Inaam Ibrahim
University of Technology - Iraq
21 PUBLICATIONS 102 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Inaam Ibrahim on 22 November 2018.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 151 – No.7, October 2016

Speed Control of Induction Motor using PI and V/F

Scalar Vector Controllers

Hanan Mikhael D. Habbi Hussein Jalil Ajeel Inaam Ibrahim Ali

Electrical engineering Electrical engineering Electrical engineering
department department department
University of Baghdad University of Technology University of Technology

ABSTRACT major types: scalar control, vector control methods. Scalar

In this paper, Induction Motors (IM) are widely used in the control or as it is called V/F control. The structure is very
industrial application due to a high power/weight ratio, high simple and it is normally used without speed feedback.
reliability and low cost. A Space Vector PWM (SVPWM) is However, this controller doesn’t achieve a good accuracy in
utilized for PWM controlling scheme. The performance of both speed and torque responses, mainly due to the fact that
both the speed and torque is promoted by a modified PI the stator flux and the torque are not directly controlled [3].
controller and V/F scalar control. A scalar control is a simple The main objective of this control method is, as in separately
method and it's operated to control the magnitude of the exited DC machines, to independently control the torque and
control quantities in constant speed application. V/F scalar flux; this is done by choosing a d-q rotating reference frame
control has been implemented and compared with the PI synchronously with the rotor flux space vector [4]. A voltage
controller. The simulation results showed that Indirect Field source inverter (VSI) should have a stiff voltage source at the
oriented control (IFOC) induction motor drive employ input, that is, its Thevenin impedance should ideally be zero.
decoupling of the stator current components which produces Thus, a large capacitor can be connected at the input if the
torque and flux. The complete mathematical model of the voltage source is not stiff. (VSI) consist of power bridge
system is described and simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK. devices with three output legs, each consisting of two power
The simulation results provides a smooth speed response and switches and two freewheeling diodes, the inverter is supplied
high performance under various dynamic operations. from DC voltage source (either battery or diode-based bridge
rectifier) via LC or C filter [5]. The Space Vector Pulse Width
Keywords Modulation (SVPWM) method is an advanced, computation-
Induction motor, SVPWM, PI-Controller, V/F intensive PWM method and possibly the best among all the
PWM techniques for variable frequency drive application. It
ABBREVIATIONS exhibits the feature of good dc-bus voltage utilization and
, : the d and q axis components of the stator current Low total harmonic distortion (THD) compared to other
PWM methods. SVPWM is more suitable for digital
q : the d and q axis component of the rotor current
implementation and can increase the obtainable maximum
ℷ ,ℷ : the d and q axis components of the stator fluxes output voltage with maximum line voltage approaching 70.7%
ℷ ,ℷ : the d and q axis components of the rotor fluxes of the DC link voltage in the linear modulation range [6].
, : the d and q axis components of the stator voltage. SVPWM is adopted in this paper for PWM controlling
scheme. In addition, a comparative study of the speed control
s, R : the stator and rotor resistances.
of induction motor using V/F scalar vector and PI controllers
r: the rotor speed is illustrated. The induction motor drive can be controlled to
P: the number of pole pairs obtain better performance by many methods as scalar
N the number of turns controller (V/F) and vector controller (Field oriented control
and direct torque control) by using PI, intelligent controller,
ℷs the magnetic flux-linkage in the stator
etc. In this section, a historical review of previous studies
Air gap flux-linkage related to controlling the induction motor controller is
K the constant of coil introduced. Pabitra Kumar Behera et.al, 2014[7] presents a
design and implementation of scalar control of induction
The induced voltage in the stator,
motor. This method leads to be able to adjust the speed of the
m: the total motor and load inertia motor by control the frequency and amplitude of the stator
TL, b: the load torque and the friction Coefficient. voltage of induction motor, the ratio of V/F is constant. It is
: the stator inductances. also presents a comparative study of open loop and close loop
V/F control induction motor. The V/F control is based on
r: the rotor inductances. advent of stator voltage derivatives. From experiment and
Lm: the mutual Inductance. results we shown that the closed loop V/F control gives better
response and better result as compared to open loop V/F
1. INTRODUCTION control of induction motor. Jay R. Patel, S.R. Vyas, 2014[1]
Three phase induction motors are the most widely used for proposed a Variable Voltage-Variable Frequency (V/F) base
industrial control and automation. They are often called the torque-speed control of three phase induction motor fed by a
workhorse of the motion industries due to their robustness, PWM Voltage Source Inverter will be simulated. The PWM
reliability, less maintenance and of high durability [1]. method, which involves the modulation of conventional
Control Techniques of Induction Motor (IM) are Variable sinusoidal reference signal and a triangular carrier to produce
frequency control techniques of IM can be divided into two pulse width modulated output signals, which are applied to

36
 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 151 – No.7, October 2016

Power Electronic Switches of a 2-Level Voltage Source two phase windings (q-d) quantities [10]. The following
Inverter, driving a Three Phase Induction Motor, shall be equivalent circuit in Fig. (1) Is used to simulate a three-phase,
used. The performance analysis of three phase induction P-pole, symmetrical induction motor in the dq reference
motor fed by PWM voltage source inverter in terms of phase frame.
current of inverter, rotor and stator current, speed, and
electromagnetic torque developed of inverter is simulated. LIs=Ls-Lr LIr=Lr-Lm
Rr
Simulation results illustrate the performance and effectiveness Rs

of constant V/F Induction Motor drive. The actual speed

ℷ
follows the reference speed and change in the speed from high rℷ r
Iqs Iqr
to low and low to high makes change in the voltage and ℷq AC

Vqs Lm ℷqr
current profile accordingly. Devraj Jee, Nikhar Patel, 2013[8]
presents the need of Speed Control in Induction Motors. V/F
Control has proven to be the most versatile. The overall
scheme of implementing V/F control has been presented. One (a) q-circuit
of the basic requirements of this scheme is the PWM Inverter. LIs=Ls-Lr LIr=Lr-Lm
Rs Rr
In this, PWM Inverters have been modeled and their outputs
fed to the Induction Motor drives. The uncontrolled transient
ℷ
and steady state response of the induction motor has been
Ids Idr - r ℷqr
obtained and analyzed. A MATLAB code was developed to ℷd AC

successfully implement open loop V/F Control on a PWM- Vds Lm ℷdr +

Inverter fed 3-phase Induction Motor, and the Torque was

found to be constant for various rotor speeds. It was observed
that using a Closed-Loop scheme with a Proportional (b) d-circuit
Controller gave a very superior way of controlling the speed
of an Induction motor while maintaining a constant maximum Figure (1) induction motor equivalent circuit a) qs circuit
torque. Riya Elizabeth Jose, Maheswaran K., 2015 [9] and b) ds circuit [11]
proposed the V/F ratio that kept constant which in turn
The dynamic machine model in stationary frame can be
maintains the magnetizing flux constant so that the maximum
derived simply by substituting ωe=0. The corresponding
torque remains unchanged .Z- Source inverter overcomes the
stationary frame equations are given as
shoot through short circuit problem of VSI. But ZSI has
certain disadvantages which were overcome by switched
boost inverter to modified pulse width modulation technique ……….……. (1)
switched boost inverter (SBI) to drive a three phase induction
motor. It is often required to control the output voltage of ………... . (2)
inverter for the constant voltage/frequency (V/F) control of an
induction Motor. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) based
firing of inverter provides the best constant V/F control of an ℷ ….…….. (3)
induction Motor. Amongst the various PWM techniques, the
sinusoidal PWM is good enough and most popular that ℷ ………….…. (4)
provides Smooth changeover of V/F, four quadrant operation,
Where = =0.
harmonic elimination, in both closed and open loop
applications. G. KOHLRUSZ, D. FODOR, 2011[10] there are
two control methods are compared: scalar control and vector The fluxes are combined with the currents according to the
control, both control methods have advantages and following expressions
disadvantages. Scalar control is a cheap, well-implementable
method. Because of these advantages and its simplicity, many ….. (5)
applications operate with this control technique in the
industry. On the other hand, it is not satisfactory for the …. (6)
control of drives with dynamic behavior, since it gives slow
response to transients. This is because the V/f Constant … (7)
method controls the magnitude of voltages and frequency
instead of controlling the phase and magnitude of currents. It
is a low-performance, but stable control technique. The field … (8)
oriented control method controls the currents so it operates
with fast responses. This method satisfies the requirements of The development of torque is by the interaction of air gap flux
dynamic drives, where fast response is necessary. It is an and rotor current [11] and [12]. Therefore, the torque can be
excellent control method to handle transients. Its disadvantage generally expressed in the vector form as:
is complexity, and the high price of the driver circuit. …………………………..… (9)
Nevertheless, it is a high-performance control technique. Both
techniques are applicable over the nominal speed at the
expense of torque - =( J ………………… ……………... (10)

2. MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF ) ………………..... (11)

INDUCTION MOTOR
The dynamic model of induction motor can be developed by
writing differential equations for voltage and torque. For
Dynamic analysis, poly phase windings are transformed into

37
 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 151 – No.7, October 2016

3. SIMULATION OF INDUCTION impedances. The change of impedances eventuates the

increase or decrease of current. If the current is small, the
MOTOR torque of motor decreases. If the frequency decreases or the
The inputs of a squirrel cage induction machine are the three- voltage increases, the coils can be burned or saturation can
phase voltages, their fundamental frequency, and the load occur in the iron of coils. To avoid these problems, it is
torque. The outputs, on the other hand, are the three phase necessary to vary the frequency and the voltage at the same
currents, the electrical torque, and the rotor speed, the time. In this way, the occurring disadvantages of changing
induction machine model will have blocks transforming the frequency and voltage can be compensated. According to the
three-phase voltages to the d-q frame and the d-q currents back equation of induced voltage the V/Hz constant control gives
to three-phase[12]. The block ( to ) transforms three constant flux in the stator (Eq. 13).
phase voltage into two phase stationary reference frame
voltages . The simulation of the IM mathematical model is ℷ ……………… (13)
shown in Fig. (2), which consists of the main blocks: abc to dq
block, D-axis circuit block, Q-axis circuit block, dq to abc The torque–speed equation of induction motors (Eq. 14) can
current block, speed determination block and the torque be used to determine the voltage–torque
determination block.
………………. (14)

4.1.1 Closed Loop V/F Control

The basis of constant V/F speed control of induction motor is
to apply a variable magnitude and variable frequency voltage
to the motor (Fig. (3)). both the voltage source inverter and
current source inverters are used in adjustable speed ac drives.
The following block diagram shows the closed loop V/F
control using a VSI.

Figure (2) IM dynamic model Simulink circuit

To transfer the 2-axis stationary current frame ( ) to three-

phase stationary current frame ( ), using inverse
transformation equation (12) [12].

Fig. (3) Closed-loop V/Hz constant control

= …………..… (12) The closed-loop method offers a more precise solution to

controlling the speed than the open-loop method.
Furthermore, the closed-loop technique controls the torque,
too. A major disadvantage of the open-loop control method is
4. SPEED CONTROLLER that this technique does not control the torque, so the desired
In this section, two types of controllers were used, to enhance torque is only accessible at the nominal operating point. If the
the FOC and scalar vector system for controlling the speed of load torque changes, the speed of the motor will change [7,
IM, these controllers are: 14].
1. V/F constant 4.1.2 Open loop V/F control
2. Conventional PI controller (trial and error tuning) The open loop V/F control of an induction motor is the most
common method of speed control because of its simplicity
4.1 Scalar Control (V/F) and these types of motors are widely used in industry. This
V/F is the most common speed control of an induction motor. type of motor control has some advantages are low cost,
The torque developed by the induction motor is directly
simplicity and immunity to errors of feedback signals
proportional to the V/F ratio. The voltage and frequency are
.Traditionally, induction motors have been used with open
tried to vary, keeping their ratio constant, then the torque
loop 50Hz power supplies for constant speed applications. For
produced by induction motor will remain constant for all the adjustable speed drive applications, frequency control is
speed range [14]. In addition, V/F is the simplest controller. It
natural, however, voltage is required to be proportional to
assumes a constant relation between voltage and frequency
and it is normally used without speed feedback. However, this frequency so that the stator flux remains constant ℷ
controller doesn’t achieve a good accuracy in both speed and remains constant [7]. Block diagram of the open loop V/F
torque responses, mainly due to the fact that the stator flux control for an IM as shown in Fig. (4).
and the torque are not directly controlled [4]. The scalar
control method is based on varying two parameters
simultaneously. The speed can be varied by increasing or
decreasing the supply frequency, but this results in change of

38
 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 151 – No.7, October 2016

Where is the rotor time constant, calculated by

In the indirect field oriented control is achieved from

calculated slip angle together with the feedback rotor speed
based on motor parameters , is integrated to obtain the stator
reference flux linkage space vector position θe. Calculated by
= = …………… (19)
Fig (14) open loop constant V/F speed control [14] The conventional PI controller is one of the most common
approaches for speed control in industrial electrical drives in
Some problems encountered in the operation of this open loop
general, because of its simplicity, and the clear relationship
drive ,these problem are The speed of the motor cannot be
existing between its parameters and the system response
controlled , because the rotor speed will be slightly less than
specifications. It also improves the dynamic response of the
the synchronous speed and that in this scheme the stator
system and reduces or eliminates the steady state error and the
frequency and hence the synchronous speed is the only
error sensibility. This is achieved by providing a proportional
control variable. The effect of the above can make the stator
gain ( ) for the error input term with an integral component
currents exceed the rated current by a large amount. Then the
slip speed cannot be maintained, due to the difference correction ( )
between the synchronous speed and the electrical rotor speed
d ………….. (20)
[7].
Where, u (t) is the output of the PI controller and e (t) is the
4.2 Vector Controllers error signal
The field oriented control is one of the most prevalent control
methods that are utilized to improve the dynamic performance The conventional PI controller fixed gain may perform well
of a three-phase induction because the FOC manner includes under some operating conditions but not all. The conventional
making the induction motor behave similar to a DC motor. PI controller block model is given in Fig. (5) [3, 6].
The FOC is good and robust control in transient and it is
based on mathematical abstraction .stator currents of the
induction machine are separated into flux-and torque
producing components by utilizing transformation to the d-q
coordinate system, whose direct axis (d) is aligned with the
rotor flux space vector. It means that the q-axis component of
the rotor flux space vector is always zero [14, 15].
ℷ ,ℷ ℷ
Figure (5) Conventional PI controller
The speed error, with the help of a Conventional PI controller,
is converted into a torque controlling current 5. SIMULATION AND RESULTS
Component , of the stator current. This current 5.1 Simulation Results for open loop V/F
component is used to regulate the torque along with the slip
speed. The control equation which The PI controller involves The responses of the speed and torque for V/F at constant load
is given as and different speed conditions have been studied where the
ratio of V/F is 4.44(Constant ratio). Fig. (6) Showed Simulink
…………….. (15) model for VF as following:

Similarly the flux producing current component , is

obtained from the stator flux linkage reference value and is
given by the following
ℷ ………….. (16)

The rotor flux is directly proportional to current in steady

state
ℷ
;

For the given flux level, the required torque Figure (6) Simulink block of open loop constant V/F speed
control
= ℷ ……… (17)
Case 1
From the q current components and slip gain, the slip speed 1. At rate load condition TL=(0,1) at time(0,0.5s) N.m and
Relation is obtained as speed nr =1500 rpm at moment of inertai (J=0.001kg.m), the
speed reached to reffrence speed in 0.35s. Due to the load
torque applied, the speed decrease to 1207 rpm at 0.5 s and no
= …………………. (18)
ℷ

39
 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 151 – No.7, October 2016

overshoot in the speed response, Figures (7), and (8) show the
1600
torque and speed response. Fig. (13) shows that the starting
torque is high reach to 3N.m. then the current equal to 1.6 1400

amp and increamnt after applied load as shown in figure (9) 1200

1000

Speed (rpm)
1600
800

1400 600
step change
of speed
1200 400

1000 200
Speed (rpm)

at NO Load at Full Load Torque

Condition Condition at t= 0.5 sec 0
800 Actual Speed (rpm)
Ref. Speed (rpm)
-200
600 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (seconds)

400
Figure (10): Speed response
200
Actual Speed (rpm)
Ref. Speed (rpm)
0 2.5
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (seconds) 2

1.5
Figure (7) Speed response
1

Torque (N.m)
0.5
3.5
0
3
-0.5
2.5 -1
Full Load Torque speed step
Conditon change
2 -1.5
Torque (N.m)

-2 Actual Torque (N.m)

1.5
Ref.Torque (N.m)
-2.5
NO.Load 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
1
Condition Time (seconds)

0.5
Figure (11): Electromagnetic torque response
0
ACtual Torque(N.m)
Ref. Torque(N.m) 4
-0.5
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (seconds)
3

Figure (8): Electromagnetic torque response 2

1
Current (amp)

0
3

-1
2

-2
1
Current(Amp)

-3 Ia Current (amp)
Ib Current (amp)
0
Ic Current (amp)
-4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
-1 Time (seconds)

-2
Figure (12) the current response
-3 ia (Amp)
ib (Amp) B-at TL=1N.m, in figure (13) shown the speed response from
ic (Amp)
-4
0 5 10 15
this figure, it can be seen that the rotor speed cannot reach to
Time(Sec)
x 10
4
the required speed due to the load condition .figure (14) show
that the torque has normally dynamic performance under these
Figure (9) Current response changes and the current keep without change under varies as
shown in fig(15)
2. Figures (10) and (11) show the speed and torque responses
of IM when the speed is varied from 1000 to 1500 rpm at
time .5sec
A-at No load Condition . In figure (11) show that the starting
torque is high reach to 2.5N.m less than case 1. when change
the speed ,the response take more time to reach for reffrence
speed and the torque also change due to speed change or
change input volatge and after that back to zero and the
current is stay without change as shown in fig.(12)

40
 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 151 – No.7, October 2016

1600
Case 2:
1400

1200 1-In this case the speed reference of IM is 1500 rpm and
rated load condition is changed in steps from (0-1) N.m at
1000
time 0.5s and J=0.001 Kg.m .in Figures (17), (18) shows
Speed (rpm)

800 that rotor speed follows the reference speed under

600 different torque loads. And starting torque is less than VF
this means that the controller is robust and good dynamic
400
Speed step change at full response. In figure (19) explain the current response is
Load condition (TL=1N.m)
200 equal to 5 Amp and no change under different load.
0 Actual Speed (rpm)
Ref. Speed (rpm)
-200 1600
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (seconds)
1400

Figure (13) Speed response 1200

3 1000

Speed(rpm)
800

2
600

1 400
Torque (N.m)

200
Actual Speed(rpm)
0 Ref.Speed(rpm)
0
Due to speed step 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
change at full load Time (seconds)
-1

Figure (17): Speed response (1 Nm at 5 sec)

-2
Actual Torque (N.m) 1.4
Ref.Torque (N.m)
-3
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.2
Time (seconds)
1

Figure (14) Torque response 0.8

Torque(N.m)

0.6
5
2
0.4
4 0
-2 0.2
3 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35
0
2
Current(amp)

-0.2 Actual Torque

1
Ref.Torque
-0.4
0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (seconds)
-1
Figure (18) Electromagnetic torque response (1N.m at 5s)
-2
Ia current(amp)
-3 Ib current(amp) 5
Ic current(amp)
-4 4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (seconds)
3

2
Figure (15) Current response
Current(amp)

5.2 Simulation Results for PI controller 0

The simulation circuit of INFOC with PI controller is shown -1

in Fig. (16). A trial and error method is used for tuning the -2
conventional PI controller. The obtained gains are k p and Ki.
-3
Ia Current(amp)
-4 Ib Current(amp)
Ic Current(amp)
-5
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (seconds)

Figure (19) the current response

2- When the speed is change from 1000 up to 1500 rpm
at t=0.5 sec

Figure (16) the simulation circuit with PI controller

41
 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 151 – No.7, October 2016

A. No-load torque .the current is same as previous case

2.5
without change. In Figures (20, 21) show the responses for the
speed, torque
2
1600

1.5
1400

Torque (N.m)
1200 1

1000
Speed (rpm)

0.5
800

0
600
Actual Torque (N.m)
Ref. Torque (N.m)
400 -0.5
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (seconds)
200
Actual Speed (rpm)
Ref. Speed (rpm)
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Figure (23) Torque response
Time (seconds)

Figure (20) speed response 6. CONCLUSION

It can be concluded that the two control methods scalar
control and vector control have advantages and disadvantages.
1
Scalar control is a low cost method, simple and immunity to
errors of feedback signals, open loop deals with constant
0.8
speed applications, many applications in the industry operate
0.6
with this control technique .The IFOC induction motor drive
involves decoupling of the stator current components which
0.4
produces torque and flux. It can be controlled by using a PI
Torque(N.m)

speed control. It improves the dynamic response of the system

0.2 and reduces the steady state error, the error sensibility, high
performance and smooth speed response. The simulation
0 results showed that a good dynamic performance can be
obtained from the PI controller compared with the V/F.
-0.2
7. APPENDIX
-0.4
Actual Torque(N.m) Table 1. Parameter of IM
Ref. Torque(N.m)
-0.6
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 stator inductance (Ls) 0.4 H
Time (seconds)

rotor inductance (Lr) 0.4 H

Figure (21) torque response
Magnetizing (LM) 0.3 H
B-at TL=1N.m When the speed is varied from 1000 to 1500 at
time 0.5s .the speed response has small overshot after applied stator resistance Rs 20 Ohm
load compared with previous case as shown in figure (22).The
torque response is not effect with applied load as figure (23). rotor resistance Rr 37 Ohm

1600 moment of inertia J 0.001Kg .m

1400 No .of pole P 4
1200
Speed Ns 1500rpm
1000
Power watt 250 w
Speed (rpm)

800

600
8. REFERENCES
400 [1] Jay R. Patel and S.R. Vyas “Simulation and Analysis of
200
Constant V/F Induction Motor Drive”, International
Actual Speed (rpm)
Ref.Speed (rpm)
Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR),
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Volume -2, Issue 4, pp. 151-156, April 2014.
Time (seconds)
[2] Majida Khaleel Ahmed," Induction Motor Speed Drive
Figure (22) speed response Controller Using Indirect Field oriented and fuzzy logic
techniques", University of Technology, Iraq, MSc. thesis,
2007
[3] Wiam Ismael Jabbar," Direct Torque Control of
Induction Motor Based on Intelligent Techniques",
University of Technology, Iraq, MSc. thesis, 2013

42
 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 151 – No.7, October 2016

[4] Kanaan A. Jalal, "Direct Torque Control of Induction [10] P. M. Menghal, Dr. A. Jaya Laxmi, "Dynamic Modeling,
Motor Based on Intelligent Systems", PhD Thesis, Simulation & Analysis of Induction Motor Drives",
University of Technology, Iraq, April 2007. International Conference on Science, Engineering and
Management Research, 2014.
[5] Fadhil Abbas Hassan, "Modeling and Implementation of
Space Vector PWM Driver of 3-Phase Induction Motor”, [11] Bose. K.B., “Modern Power Electronics and AC Drives”,
University of Technology, Iraq, MSc. thesis, 2008 Book, Prentice Hall, 2002.
[6] R. Arulmozhiyal, K.Baskaran, R. Manikandan ", A [12] Burak Ozpineci, Leon M. Tolbert," Simulink
Fuzzy Based PI Speed Controller For Indirect Vector Implementation of Induction Machine Model– a Modular
Controlled Induction Motor Drive "IEEE, 2011 Sona Approach", 2003 IEEE, pp 728-734.
College of Technology, Salem, Tamilnadu 636005, and
India. [13] M.S.Aspalli., Asha.R, P.V. Hunagund ,"Three Phase
Induction Motor Drive Using IGBTs And Constant V/F
[7] Pabitra Kumar Behera, Manoj Kumar Behera, Amit Method", International Journal of Advanced Research in
Kumar Sahoo," Speed Control of Induction Motor using Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering,
Scalar Control Technique", International Conference on Vol. 1, Issue 5, November 2012.
Emergent Trends in Computing and
Communication,(0975 – 8887), ETCC-2014. [14] G. Kohlrusz, D. Fodor," Comparison of Scalar and
Vector Control Strategies of Induction Motors",
[8] Devraj Jee, Nikhar Patel," V/F Control of Induction Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry Veszprém
Motor Drive" , MSc Thesis ,National institute of Vol. 39(2) pp. 265-270 (2011).
Technology, May-2013, Odisha, India.
[15] Anhar Azeez Sagger," Field Oriented Control of an
[9] Riya Elizabeth Jose, Maheswaran K.," V/F Speed Induction Motor Based on a Single –Phase to Three –
Control of an Induction Motor Drive Fed by Switched Phase Indirect Matrix Converter", University of
Boost Inverter", International Journal of Advanced Technology, Iraq, MSc. thesis, June 2016.
Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 8, August 2015.

IJCATM : www.ijcaonline.org 43

View publication stats