Sustainable Energy Presentation 220205309

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PRESENTATION
NAME: GIVEN LINUS NGASOMA

STUDENT NUMBER: 220205309
DEPARTMENT: CIVIL ENGINEERING
ENERGY
Energy is defined as the “ability to do work, which is the
ability to exert a force causing displacement of an object.” Despite
this confusing definition, its meaning is very simple: energy is just
the force that causes things to move. Energy sustainability refers
to the ability to meet present energy needs without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves
using energy resources in a way that minimizes environmental
impact, promotes economic growth, and ensures social equity.
This includes utilizing renewable energy sources, improving
energy efficiency, reducing waste and emissions, and fostering
responsible energy consumption practices. The goal is to create a
balance between energy production, consumption, and
environmental preservation to ensure a stable and secure energy
supply for current and future generations. The following are the
importance of energy.
Technological Advancement: Energy fuels innovation and
technological progress. From renewable energy technologies to
advancements in transportation and communication, energy plays
a vital role in driving forward scientific and technological
developments.
Environmental Sustainability: While energy production
can have negative environmental impacts, transitioning to
sustainable energy sources can mitigate these effects. Renewable
energy technologies like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power offer
cleaner alternatives to fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas
emissions and combating climate change.
Social Equity: Access to energy is essential for addressing
social inequalities. Ensuring affordable and reliable energy access
for all promotes social equity, empowering communities and
improving opportunities for education, healthcare, and economic
development.
Economic Growth: Energy is a fundamental driver of
economic growth. It powers industries, transportation, and
infrastructure development. Access to affordable and reliable
energy sources is essential for businesses to operate efficiently
and for economies to prosper.
National Security: Dependence on foreign energy sources
can pose risks to national security. Diversifying energy sources
and investing in domestic energy production enhances energy
security, reducing vulnerability to geopolitical disruptions and
fluctuations in global energy markets.
In summary, energy is crucial for driving economic growth,
enhancing quality of life, fostering technological innovation,
promoting environmental sustainability, ensuring national security,
and advancing social equity.
Energy sources; Energy sources are the means through which

energy is generated or extracted to meet various human needs.
These sources can be classified into two main categories:
Renewable Energy Sources: These are sources of energy that are

naturally replenished on a human timescale and are considered
sustainable over the long term. Examples include:
Solar energy: Energy from sunlight, captured through solar panels
or solar thermal systems.
Wind energy: Energy generated from the kinetic energy of wind,

harnessed by wind turbines. Wind energy is a renewable energy
source that harnesses the power of wind to generate electricity.
Wind turbines capture the kinetic energy of the wind and convert it
into mechanical energy, which is then transformed into electricity
through a generator.
Hydroelectric energy: Energy obtained from the gravitational force
of flowing or falling water, captured by hydroelectric power plants.
also known as hydroelectricity or hydropower, is a renewable
energy source that harnesses the energy of flowing or falling water
to generate electricity. It is one of the oldest and most widely used
forms of renewable energy, with hydroelectric power plants
operating in numerous countries around the world.
Biomass energy: Energy derived from organic materials such as

wood, agricultural residues, and organic waste through processes
like combustion, fermentation, or conversion to biofuels.
Geothermal energy: Energy extracted from heat stored beneath
the Earth's surface, utilized for heating buildings, generating
electricity, and other applications.
Non-Renewable Energy Sources: These are finite resources that

cannot be replenished on a human timescale or are replenished
very slowly compared to their rate of consumption. Examples
include:
Fossil fuels: These include coal, oil, and natural gas, formed from
the remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years.
Fossil fuels are natural resources formed from the remains of
ancient plants and animals over millions of years. They are non-
renewable energy sources that have played a dominant role in
powering human civilization for centuries. The three primary types
of fossil fuels are coal, oil (petroleum), and natural gas.
energy: Energy released from nuclear reactions, typically obtained
from the fission of uranium or plutonium atoms in nuclear power
plants.
Each energy source has its own advantages and disadvantages in
terms of availability, environmental impact, cost, and technological
feasibility. The choice of energy sources often depends on factors
such as geographical location, resource availability, economic
considerations, and environmental concerns.
Efficiency: The efficiency of energy refers to the ratio of useful

output energy to the total input energy in a given energy
conversion process. It is a measure of how effectively energy is
converted from one form to another or utilized for a specific
purpose. Efficiency is typically expressed as a percentage and can
vary depending on the technology, system design, and operating
conditions involved.
Importance:
Resource Conservation: Improving energy efficiency helps to
minimize waste and optimize resource utilization, reducing the
overall demand for energy resources such as fossil fuels and
water.
Cost Savings: Higher efficiency means less energy is
wasted, leading to lower energy consumption and operational
costs for businesses, industries, and households.
Environmental Benefits: Increasing energy efficiency reduces
greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and other environmental
impacts associated with energy production and consumption,
contributing to sustainability and climate change mitigation efforts.
Energy Security: Enhanced efficiency reduces dependence on
imported energy sources and strengthens energy security by
promoting domestic resource utilization and resilience to supply
disruptions.
Technological Innovation: Pursuing greater efficiency drives
innovation in energy technologies, materials, and processes,
fostering economic growth, job creation, and competitiveness in
the global marketplace.
Efficiency improvements can be achieved through various
means, including technological advancements, system
optimization, energy management practices, and behavioural
changes. Governments, industries, and individuals play important
roles in promoting and implementing energy efficiency initiatives to
maximize the benefits for society, the economy, and the
environment.

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SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PRESENTATION

NAME: GIVEN LINUS NGASOMA

Energy sources; Energy sources are the means through which

Renewable Energy Sources: These are sources of energy that are

Wind energy: Energy generated from the kinetic energy of wind,

Biomass energy: Energy derived from organic materials such as

Non-Renewable Energy Sources: These are finite resources that

Efficiency: The efficiency of energy refers to the ratio of useful

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