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Lecture Arithmetic Sequence

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Sharon
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7 views

Lecture Arithmetic Sequence

Uploaded by

Sharon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arithmetic Sequences

Learning Competencies

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able


to do the following:

● Illustrate an arithmetic sequence (M10AL-Ib-1).

● Determine the 𝑛th term of an arithmetic sequence.

● Solve problems involving sequences (M10AL-If-2).


Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to


do the following:

● Find the common difference and the 𝑛th term of an


arithmetic sequence.

● Solve problems involving arithmetic sequence.


Did you know that
you can get the
approximate age (in
years) of a tree
based on its number
of rings?
Fig. 1. Tree Rings
The number of rings
indicate the annual
pattern of the
growth of a tree. This
pattern is an
example of a
sequence.
In this lesson, we will
study a sequence
that exhibits the
same pattern with
the tree rings.
Essential Questions

● How do you compute for the common difference of an


arithmetic sequence?

● How do you find the 𝑛th term of an arithmetic


sequence?
Learn about It!

Arithmetic Sequence

An arithmetic sequence is a sequence where each term


after the first is obtained by adding a constant (called the
common difference) to the preceding term.
Example:
a. 4, 8, 12, 16, ⋯
b. −5, −2, 1, 4, ⋯
Learn about It!

Term

A term refers to each value in a sequence.

Example:

4, 8, 12, 16, …

The 1st term is 4, 2nd term is 8, 3rd term is 12, 4th term is 16
and so on.
Learn about It!

General Term of a Sequence

The general term of a sequence is the formula used to find


the 𝑛th term of a sequence, which is 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅,
where 𝑎𝑛 is the 𝑛th term, 𝑎1 is the first term, 𝑛 is the
number of terms, and 𝑑 is the common difference.
Learn about It!

General Term of a Sequence

Example:

In the sequence 4, 8, 12, 16, ⋯, the 10th term can be found by


substituting the values to the general term formula.

𝑎10 = 4 + 10 − 1 4
𝑎10 = 40
Try it!Practice
Let’s

Example 1: Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …
Solution to Let’s Practice

Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …

Solution:
Identify the common difference of the sequence.
13 − 6 = 7
20 − 13 = 7
27 − 20 = 7

Thus, the common difference is 7.


Solution to Let’s Practice

Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …

Solution:
List all information needed to use the formula for the general
term.

𝑎1 = 6, 𝑑 = 7, 𝑛 = 20
Solution to Let’s Practice

Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …

Solution:
Substitute the given information to the formula.
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑
𝑎20 = 6 + 20 − 1 7
𝑎20 = 6 + 19 7
𝑎20 = 6 + 133
𝑎20 = 139
Solution to Let’s Practice

Find the 20th term in the sequence 6, 13, 20, 27, …

Solution:

Therefore, the 20th term of the given sequence is 139.


Try it!Practice
Let’s

Example 2: Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if


the 5th term is −10 and the common difference is 6.
Solution to Let’s Practice

Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if the 5th term


is −10 and the common difference is 6.

Solution: Use the formula for arithmetic sequence, then


substitute the given information.

Solve the first term by substituting 𝑛 = 5, 𝑎5 = −10, and 𝑑 = 6


to the formula.
Solution to Let’s Practice

Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if the 5th term


is −10 and the common difference is 6.

Solution:
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑
𝑎5 = 𝑎1 + 5 − 1 6
−10 = 𝑎1 + 4 6
−10 = 𝑎1 + 24
𝑎1 = −10 − 24
𝑎1 = −34
Solution to Let’s Practice

Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if the 5th term


is −10 and the common difference is 6.

Solution:
Using 𝑎1 = −34, solve for the 30th term of the sequence.
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑
𝑎30 = −34 + 30 − 1 6
𝑎30 = −34 + 29 6
𝑎30 = −34 + 174
𝑎30 = 140
Solution to Let’s Practice

Find the 30th term of an arithmetic sequence if the 5th term


is −10 and the common difference is 6.

Solution:

Therefore, the 30th term of the sequence is 140.

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